Impaired Air Conditioning within the Nasal Cavity in Flat-Faced Homo.

We are flat-faced hominins with an external nose that protrudes from the face. This feature was derived in the genus Homo, along with facial flattening and reorientation to form a high nasal cavity. The nasal passage conditions the inhaled air in terms of temperature and humidity to match the conditions required in the lung, and its anatomical variation is believed to be evolutionarily sensitive to the ambient atmospheric conditions of a given habitat.

Minor contributions of the maxillary sinus to the air-conditioning performance in macaque monkeys.

The nasal passages mainly adjust the temperature and humidity of inhaled air to reach the alveolar condition required in the lungs. By contrast to most other non-human primates, macaque monkeys are distributed widely among tropical, temperate and subarctic regions, and thus some species need to condition the inhaled air in cool and dry ambient atmospheric areas. The internal nasal anatomy is believed to have undergone adaptive modifications to improve the air-conditioning performance.

Effect of parent artery expansion by stent placement in cerebral aneurysms.

Background: Stent placement for cerebral aneurysms leads to a decrease in blood flow. This occurs not only through the direct obstruction of flow but also by the expansion of the parent artery. The latter has been observed in several clinical studies.

Effect of parent artery expansion by stent placement in cerebral aneurysms.

Background: Stent placement for cerebral aneurysms leads to a decrease in blood flow. This occurs not only through the direct obstruction of flow but also by the expansion of the parent artery. The latter has been observed in several clinical studies.