[Mental disorders associated with acute COVID-19: clinical picture, therapy approaches].

Background: The purpose is to study the structure of clinical manifestations of mental disorders in the acute period of COVID-19 among patients, who were hospitalized with a new coronavirus infection and their relations with the severity of the immune response, to assess the efficacy and safety profile of the spectrum of used psychopharmacotherapy.

Material And Methods: A study was conducted of patients, hospitalized to the department of infectious diseases and repurposed for COVID-19 clinical departments with a diagnosis of COVID-19 (compliance with the criteria for ICD-10: U07.1) from September 2020 to March 2021.

Common Inflammatory Mechanisms in COVID-19 and Parkinson's Diseases: The Role of Microbiome, Pharmabiotics and Postbiotics in Their Prevention.

In the last decade, metagenomic studies have shown the key role of the gut microbiome in maintaining immune and neuroendocrine systems. Malfunction of the gut microbiome can induce inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, and cytokine storm. Dysfunction of the gut microbiome can be caused by short-term (virus infection and other infectious diseases) or long-term (environment, nutrition, and stress) factors.

Calcium administration In patients undergoing CardiAc suRgery under cardiopulmonary bypasS (ICARUS trial): Rationale and design of a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a critical step of any cardiac surgical procedure and often requires pharmacologic intervention. Calcium ions are pivotal elements for the excitation-contraction coupling process of cardiac myocytes. Thus, calcium administration might be helpful during weaning from CPB.

Minimally invasive mitral valve repair and ablation of concomitant atrial fibrillation in a patient with severe hemophilia A.

Minimally invasive mitral valve repair and ablation of atrial fibrillation, combined with FVIII level-controlled replacement therapy, can be safely performed in patients with severe hemophilia.

[Sleep and wake disorders in epilepsy].

Objective: To summarize published data on the prevalence, characteristics and diagnostic criteria of sleep disorders in epilepsy.

Material And Methods: A search of published articles was performed in Medline (Pubmed), Scopus, Web of Science and e-library databases.

Results: Epidemiologic, clinical and diagnostic aspects of excessive daytime sleepiness, obstructive sleep apnea and central apnea, restless leg syndrome and parasomnias related to slow-wave and REM-sleep in patients with epilepsy were analyzed.

[Predictors of neurological complications after cardiac surgical interventions in oldery patients.].

To identify predictors of neurological complications in the hospital period after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), 92 patients with coronary heart disease aged 70 years and over were analyzed. Intraoperative monitoring of cerebral oxygenation (rSO2, %) was carried out. At the stage of induction anesthesia, the average level of rSO2 for left and right hemispheres was 64-65% without significant changes during the operation.

Effect of Intraoperative Dexamethasone on Major Complications and Mortality Among Infants Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: The DECISION Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Corticosteroids are widely used in pediatric cardiac surgery to blunt systemic inflammatory response and to reduce complications; nevertheless, their clinical efficacy is uncertain.

Objective: To determine whether intraoperative administration of dexamethasone is more effective than placebo for reducing major complications and mortality during pediatric cardiac surgery.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The Intraoperative Dexamethasone in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery was an investigator-initiated, double-blind, multicenter randomized trial that involved 4 centers in China, Brazil, and Russia.

Brain Oxygen Supply in Older Adults During Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Objectives: To evaluate the dynamics of the cerebral oxygen supply in patients aged ≥65 years, during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and to test the hypothesis that lower intraoperative brain oxygen saturation is associated with postoperative neurological complications.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: The E.

Long-term health-related quality of life after surgery in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Purpose: To assess the dynamic of various health-related quality of life (HRQoL) parameters 3 years after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE), and to identify factors affecting HRQoL parameters in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) in the long-term follow-up after surgery.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 128 patients with CTEPH before and after the PTE (3 year follow-up). The HRQoL was examined using the Short-Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36).

Current Practice of Calcium Use During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Weaning: Results of an International Survey.

Objectives: To describe international practices on the use of calcium salts during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) weaning in adult cardiac surgery patients.

Design: Multiple-choice survey on current practice of CPB weaning.

Setting: Online survey using the SurveyMonkey platform.

[Use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for pulmonary haemorrhage after pulmonary endarterectomy].

Pulmonary haemorrhage is one of the most severe complications of pulmonary endarterectomy. To the most effective methods of combating this potentially fatal complication belongs extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). In this article we describe a clinical case report regarding intraoperative use of central veno-arterial ECMO for pulmonary haemorrhage following thromboendarterectomy from the pulmonary arteries.

Sustained High-dose Thiamine Supplementation in High-risk Cardiac Patients Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Pilot Feasibility Study (The APPLY trial).

Objective: To test the feasibility and investigate possible cardiovascular effects of a sustained high-dose intravenous thiamine protocol in patients undergoing combined valvular and coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Design: Randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot feasibility trial.

Setting: Cardiac surgery department of a tertiary hospital.

Calcium Administration During Weaning From Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Narrative Literature Review.

The search for safe and effective patient management strategies during weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass is ongoing; intravenous calcium is occasionally used as a first-line drug. The physiologic role of calcium suggests that it can support the function of the cardiovascular system during this critical period. Patients may be mildly hypocalcemic after cardiopulmonary bypass; however, this degree of hypocalcemia does not significantly impair the cardiovascular system.

Volatile Anesthetics versus Total Intravenous Anesthesia for Cardiac Surgery.

Background: Volatile (inhaled) anesthetic agents have cardioprotective effects, which might improve clinical outcomes in patients undergoing coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods: We conducted a pragmatic, multicenter, single-blind, controlled trial at 36 centers in 13 countries. Patients scheduled to undergo elective CABG were randomly assigned to an intraoperative anesthetic regimen that included a volatile anesthetic (desflurane, isoflurane, or sevoflurane) or to total intravenous anesthesia.

Chronic Lung Disease and Mortality after Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To investigate the 1-year survival in cardiac surgical patients with lung disease, including previously undiagnosed cases.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary hospital.

Standard vs. Calorie-Dense Immune Nutrition in Haemodynamically Compromised Cardiac Patients: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Pilot Study.

Background: The aim of study was to test the hypothesis that early enteral nutrition (EN) with calorie-dense and protein rich enteral formula improves enteral energy and protein delivery in critically ill cardiac patients.

Methods: Prospective randomized pilot study of 40 ventilated adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery with use of cardiopulmonary bypass receiving inotropic support postoperatively. Patients were to receive either standard isocaloric (1000 Kcal/L and 38 g/L protein) early EN ( = 20) or calorie-dense and protein-rich (1300 Kcal/L and 66.

MortalitY in caRdIAc surgery (MYRIAD): A randomizeD controlled trial of volatile anesthetics. Rationale and design.

Objective: There is initial evidence that the use of volatile anesthetics can reduce the postoperative release of cardiac troponin I, the need for inotropic support, and the number of patients requiring prolonged hospitalization following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Nevertheless, small randomized controlled trials have failed to demonstrate a survival advantage. Thus, whether volatile anesthetics improve the postoperative outcome of cardiac surgical patients remains uncertain.

Prevalence and Implications of Abnormal Respiratory Patterns in Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and impact of abnormal respiratory patterns in cardiac surgery patients.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary hospital.

[Clinical and ultrasonic predictors of postoperative complications after carotid endarterectomy].

For the period from 2007 to 2012 carotid endarterectomy was performed in 150 patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency I-IV degrees and atherosclerotic lesion of carotid arteries. Dynamic observation was performed by using of duplex scanning of brachiocephalic arteries, transcranial duplex scanning, multislice CT with contrast study of extracranial and intracranial arteries. Different degrees of vascular wall thickening of operated internal carotid artery including neo- and myointimal hyperplasia, restenosis and other complications were observed in 19 (12.