[Genetico-demographic patterns of the prevalence of various forms of endogenous psychoses].

Prevalence rates (PRs) for EFP (schizophrenic, schizoaffective and affective psychoses), with allowance for proband sex and age-of-onset data were studied in a subdivided population from the North-East of the European Region of the USSR. The population includes three subpopulations: a small old religious semi-isolate of Russians ("Rs"), aboriginal Komi people ("Ks")--an ethnic community of Ugro-Finnish lineage, and a mixed group of migrants ("Ms") from various regions of the USSR. The latter is mainly an urban population, while the "Rs" and "Ks" are, on the whole, rural populations.

[Dynamics of the epidemiological characteristics of registered contingents of schizophrenia patients].

Different populations of schizophrenic patients under this study were registered by three of the Moscow city outpatient psychiatric departments in 1967, 1975 and 1981. These populations' epidemiologic characteristics compared, the following could be concluded: (1) the specific quantity of patients with psychotic disorders diminished, (2) the percentage of aged patients diminished, (3) the mean observation term reduced. Some other characteristics of the tendency to worsen the medical assistance to psychiatric patients were demonstrated.

[Epidemiologic aspect of the problem of the disability of schizophrenic patients (incidence, chronogenic dynamics, risk factors)].

Epidemiological aspects of disability have been studied in a random sample of schizophrenics living in three Moscow districts. It has been found that 39.4% of schizophrenic patients (44.

[Clinico-demographic characteristics and features of the social and occupational adaptation of schizophrenics in 3 population groups living in the northeastern region of the European portion of the USSR (clinico-epidemiologic study)].

The authors conducted a clinico-epidemiological study of schizophrenics among the indigenous population, including that living in isolated areas and newcomers, taking into consideration forms of the disease course and employing a uniform syndromal assessment of the mental state. The authors have established general pathogenetic regularities of the course and their relationship with the age and sex. Patients from the indigenous population, particularly of geographically isolated areas, showed a higher incidence of schizophrenia, a more severe clinical picture of the disease and a lower level of social and occupational adaptation as compared to the migrated population.

[Population patterns in the development and course of endogenous psychoses as a reflection of their pathogenesis].

An analysis of a representative epidemiological sample of patients with endogenic psychoses (schizophrenia and MDP) revealed statistical distribution of some parameters of the disease (risk of the development of the disease in relation to age, a number of previous attacks, as well as distribution of patients by the duration of paroxysms and remissions). The authors believe that a collation of the tabulated data with the known mathematical models makes it possible to come to understanding some aspects of the pathogenesis of endogenic psychoses.

[Population patterns in the dynamics of episodes and remission in patients with endogenous psychoses].

Analyzing the data on 1770 patients with paroxysmal schizophrenia with a disease standing of 15 years and over, the authors established a statistically significant correlation between the clinical picture of remissions and attacks in the preceeding and the subsequent cycle of the disease. This correlation was expressed in the fact and from the second cycle to the third, the probability of the appearance of the same psychopathological disturbances was at least two times as that of the development of any other concrete disorders. The first three cycles of the disease were analyzed.

[Problem of the systematics of schizophrenia in light of current clinico-catamnestic, epidemiologic and clinico-genealogic information].

On the basis of the results provided by clinical follow-up, clinico-epidemiological and clinico-genealogical studies, the authors have reviewed the systematics of the major forms of schizophrenia developed at the Institute of Psychiatry of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences and offer a statistical characteristics of these forms. The authors specifically discussed the questions associated with the characteristics of the syndrome formation and course of slowly progressive (torpid) schizophrenia and the place these forms occupy in the modern foreign classifications, including the DCM-III). The paroxysm-like form was established to run predominantly the course with a small rate of attacks or the "one-paroxysm" course.

[Dynamics of negative disorders and the problem of differentiating paroxysmal schizophrenia (epidemiologic study)].

The task was set to elaborate, using random material, a systematics of paroxysm-like schizophrenia on the basis of the characteristics of the time-course of negative disturbances and comparison with the current systematics formed on the basis of the clinical experience. The authors analyzed the course of the disease in all registered patients with paroxysm-like schizophrenia (3928 individuals) living in four administrative districts of Moscow. Seven major variants of paroxysm-like schizophrenia have been identified.

[Possibilities of the epidemiologic method and various results of a population study of schizophrenia].

Some results of the epidemiological studies on schizophrenia conducted recently by the Epidemiology Department of the Psychiatry Institute, the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, are summed up. The principal demographic data on schizophrenia, such as its prevalence and forms as well as the pathogenetic role of the sex and age are presented. Taking the paroxysmal forms as a model, the application of the epidemiological method in investigating the course and probable prognosis of schizophrenia is reviewed in greater detail.

[Risk of schizophrenic spectrum psychoses among the offspring of affected mothers and fathers (comparative epidemiologic study)].

Comparative epidemiological study in population of patients with schizophrenia in one of the Moscow regions revealed differential morbidity risk in posterity. Convincing proofs obtained showed sick children with schizophrenia prevalence in sick mothers, but not fathers' posterity. Such a conclusion on the representative populational material was made for the first time.

[Experience with a differentiated clinical approach to epidemiologic description of populations of schizophrenic patients].

Data on the frequencies of various schizophrenia forms among the population of three districts of Moscow are presented. These data were obtained from direct examinations of each schizophrenia case, and are the most differentiated clinically, as compared with those reported in earlier publications. With regard to one district of Moscow a more detailed information is presented: such as, the frequency of admission for schizophrenia to psychiatric hospitals that was found to be 9.

[Clinico-statistical patterns in the dynamics of episodes in schizophrenia].

An examination of schizophrenics living in three regions of Moscow and suffering from the disease for over 15 years has shown that the change of the episode form is a probability process exhibiting a tendency to retention of the form of the preceding episode in the subsequent ones. At the same time it has been shown that this tendency is more marked, if the preceding episodes were of one and the same type. When the episode form changed principal trends of that process were revealed.

[Experience with epidemiologic studies of childhood schizophrenia].

An epidemiological study of the adult schizophrenic population (5039) of 3 Moscow districts has shown that 31,3% of the individuals have fallen ill before the age of 18, out of them 23,4% at the age of 12--17 years. The intensity of schizophrenia manifestation in the pubertal period was the highest. A comparison of the sex ratio at the onset of the disease at different periods of childhood and puberty has shown that the younger the boys are, the higher is the morbidity rate among them.

[Several features of the course of attack-like schizophrenia (according to the findings of an epidemiologic study)].

The authors studied patients with an attack-like course and a "cliche" type course (i.e. the psychopathological structure of attacks does not change within the disease).

[Role of sex and age in the occurrence and course of attack-like schizophrenia (based on epidemiological study data)].

On the basis of an over-all investigation of 2 districts of Moscow (1548 patients) the authors studied correlations between clinical traits of attack-like schizophrenia and factors of sex and age. It was demonstrated that the disease most frequently (irrespective of the sex and duration) manifests itself by affective-delusional attacks, then go depressive states, acute-delusional oneiroid and manic attacks. The statistical processing of these results demonstrates the existence of a common regularity in the development of clinical traits of attack-like schizophrenia.

[Family formation by schizophrenic and manic-depressive patients according to an epidemiologic study (birth rate)].

The birth rate among patients with endogenous disorders is considered as an index of the degree of their social adaptation. It was established that in all forms of such disorders the level of birth rates and the rate of family formation is lower than that in the general population. However, in all endogenous disorders (except the malignant schizophrenia) there are some patients the adaptation of whom is not disturbed.