CT-Guided Online Adaptive Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) for Retroperitoneal Sarcoma After Previous Radiotherapy: A Case Report.

CT-guided online adaptive radiotherapy (OART) is a novel and robust treatment technique in radiotherapy. Thanks to its excellent accommodation of inter-fraction variations, OART is characterized by superior accuracy compared to other contemporary treatment techniques in radiotherapy such as image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT). Planning target volume (PTV), which takes into account interfraction movements, could therefore be reduced while utilizing OART with a consequent dose reduction for adjacent healthy tissue.

The Right Gastroepiploic Artery as a Potential Organ at Risk in Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation for Esophageal and Gastroesophageal Cancers.

Background: Preoperative chemoradiation is a standard of care for esophageal and gastroesophageal cancer. A gastric conduit is usually used for anastomosis with the right gastroepiploic artery (RGEA) being the sole arterial supply to the gastric remnant after such surgeries. Hence, lowering the radiation dose to this vessel may lower the risks of postoperative complications related to poor vasculature.

Simulation of particle release for Diffusing Alpha-Emitters Radiation Therapy.

We used Monte Carlo simulations to study release of Ra daughter nuclei from the seed used for Diffusing Alpha-Emitters Radiation Therapy (DART). Calculated desorption probabilities for Po (15%) and Pb (12%) showed that they make a significant contribution to total release from the seed. We also showed that the dose to tissue from decays inside the 10 mm long seed exceeds 2.

Application of an interstitial and biodegradable balloon system for prostate-rectum separation during prostate cancer radiotherapy: a prospective multi-center study.

Background And Purpose: Rectal toxicity presents a significant limiting factor in prostate radiotherapy regimens. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of an implantable and biodegradable balloon specifically designed to protect rectal tissue during radiotherapy by increasing the prostate-rectum interspace.

Patients And Methods: Balloons were transperineally implanted, under transrectal ultrasound guidance, into the prostate-rectum interspace in 27 patients with localized prostate cancer scheduled to undergo radiotherapy.

Radiosurgical treatment planning of AVM following embolization with Onyx: possible dosage error in treatment planning can be averted.

Treatment of arteriovenous malformations (AVM) of the brain is challenging due to the size and location of the nidus-proper and its proximity to the cerebrovascular circulation. Recent advances in catheter techniques and new embolization materials such as Onyx (a liquid agent that is less adhesive and slowly polymerizing) have increased the probability of achieving obliteration. When planning radiosurgical cases following such embolization, however, one must be cognizant of the distortions introduced by this novel substance on imaging studies.

A novel device for protecting rectum during prostate cancer irradiation: in vivo data on a large mammal model.

Purpose: Hypofractionation schemes and associated higher rectal doses have evoked the need for improved protection of the rectum during prostate cancer irradiation.

Materials And Methods: An implantable, biodegradable, inflatable, preshaped triangular balloon of commercially used poly(L-lactide-co-epsilon-caprolactone) co-polymer material was developed to provide separation between prostate and rectum. Biocompatibility and degradability of the balloon implanted subcutaneously or perineally, and in the context of transperineal implantation and local irradiation were evaluated in several in vivo studies.

Three-dimensional non-coplanar conformal radiotherapy yields better results than traditional beam arrangements for adjuvant treatment of gastric cancer.

Purpose: The current standard of adjuvant treatment for gastric cancer after curative resection is concurrent administration of radiotherapy and 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. The radiation fields are often arranged as anterioposterior-posteroanterior opposed parallel fields with general recommendations for sparing at least two-thirds of one kidney. We investigated whether a better radiation distribution would be achievable with three-dimensional conformal approaches compared with the classic anterioposterior-posteroanterior fields.