Flavonoids from the whole plants of and their anti-inflammatory activity.

Medicinal plants in the high salinity and high alkaline environment might possess some special chemical constituents with new skeleton and high bioactivity. In this work, the main chemical constituents of namely flavonoids, were comprehensively studied for the first time. A new flavonoid together with five known compounds were isolated from the whole plants of Their structures were determined by the analysis of comprehensive spectroscopic data.

Chemical Constituents from the Whole Plants of Limonium sinense and Their in vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity.

The Yellow River Delta possesses lots of characteristic medicinal plants due to its high salinity and high alkaline environment and Limonium sinense is an iconic plant. However, there are very few studies on L. sinense and its chemical constituents have not been investigated in recent ten years.

Discovery of new triterpenoids from Leptopus clarkei and their antiproliferative activity on cancer cells.

Two new triterpenoids (1-2), along with six known analogues (3-8) were obtained from the dried whole plant of Leptopus clarkei. Compound 1 is a 3,4-seco-lupane-type triterpenoid, and compound 2 is a phenylpropanoid-conjugated pentacyclic triterpenoid possessing trans-p-coumaroyl unit attached to oleanane-type skeleton. This is the first report on chemical investigation of the L.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of New Naphthyridine from Sponge Aaptos suberitoides in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages via Regulation of MAPK and Nrf2 Signaling Pathways.

Two new naphthyridine compounds, 4-methoxycarbonyl-5-oxo-1,6-naphthyridine (1) and 5-methoxycarbonyl-4-oxo-1,6-naphthyridine (2) were obtained from the MeOH extracts of sponge Aaptos suberitoides. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, including HR-ESI-MS, 1D-NMR ( H-NMR, C-NMR), 2D-NMR (COSY, HSQC, HMBC). The structure of compound 1 was further confirmed via single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.

Aaptamine - a dual acetyl - and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor as potential anti-Alzheimer's disease agent.

Context: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) are promising therapeutic targets for AD.

Objective: To evaluate the inhibitory effects of aaptamine on two cholinesterases and investigate the therapeutic effect on AD in a zebrafish model.

Chemical constituents from the seeds of and their inhibitory activity on diacylglycerol acyltransferase.

A large number of extracts of medicinal plants or natural products shows beneficial to combat obesity. In the present work, a new flavonoid named (2,1″,2″)-4'-hydroxy-7-methoxy-6-(1,2,3-trihydroxy-3-methyl-butyl)-flavanone (), along with seven known compounds () were isolated from the seeds of Their structures, including the absolute configurations, were determined by the analysis of comprehensive spectroscopic data and computational calculation methods. All isolates were evaluated for their diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) inhibitory activity.

Acid-catalyzed transformation of cassane diterpenoids from to aromatic derivatives.

Transformations of cassane diterpenoids from into aromatic derivatives, either in CDCl or in CHCl irradiated with UV light or catalyzed by AlCl, were described. Caesalmin C (2) was hydrolyzed with NaCO upon refluxing in MeOH to yield compound 1. Dissolving compound 1 with CDCl resulted in an unexpected aromatization process of a C ring to obtain 1a, and aromatic derivatives 6-acetoxy-3-deacetoxycaesaldekarin e (2a), caesall A (3a), caesaldekarin e (5a), caesalpinin MC (5b), 2-acetoxycaesaldekarin e (6a) and new compound 6b could be obtained from corresponding cassane diterpenoids (2-8) under the same conditions.

Cytochalasins from coastal saline soil-derived fungus Aspergillus flavipes RD-13 and their cytotoxicities.

Chemical investigation of coastal saline soil-derived fungus Aspergillus flavipes RD-13 led to the isolation of two new seco-cytochalasins (1) and (2) along with nine known analogs. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectral analysis, and the absolute configurations of these two new ones were determined through Rh(OCOCF)-induced CD experiment and chemical interconversions. Moreover, the absolute configuration of a known compound named cytochalasins Z (3) was also determined for the first time.

New pentacyclic triterpenoids isolated from and their hepatoprotective activities on -butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative injury.

Eight unknown pentacyclic triterpenoids (1-4 and 8-11), along with eight known analogues (5-7 and 12-16) have been first isolated from the dried whole plant of . The structures of the new compounds were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR, as well as HRESIMS measurements. Meanwhile, the hepatoprotective activities of the isolated compounds were preliminarily evaluated, and the results indicated that compounds 2, 5 and 16 possess potent protective effects on -butyl hydroperoxide (-BHP)-induced oxidative injury , and further study revealed that 16 significantly alleviates -BHP-induced hepatotoxicity by effectively improving cell viability and decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the cell apoptosis rate in HepG2 cells.

Anti-inflammatory Cassane-Type Diterpenoids from the Seed Kernels of .

Eighteen cassane diterpenoids, including five new lactam-type (-), 12 new lactone-type (- and -), and one known compound (), were isolated from . To our knowledge, this is the first study on the seed kernels of , and cassane derivatives were discovered in this plant for the first time. Their structures including absolute configurations were established by extensive spectroscopic methods complemented with single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and ECD calculations.

Two new cassane-type diterpenoids from the seed kernels of (Linn.) Roxb. and their anti-inflammatory activity.

In this study, phytochemical investigation on the chloroform soluble fraction of seed kernels of led to the isolation of two new cassane-type diterpenoids, norcaesalpinin Q () and caesalpinin MR (), together with seven known compounds (-). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analyses, and their absolute configurations were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. All compounds were evaluated for inhibitory effects against NO production of RAW264.

New phenylpropanoid-conjugated pentacyclic triterpenoids from the whole plants of Leptopus lolonum with their antiproliferative activities on cancer cells.

Most of Euphorbiaceae plants are considered as folk medicinal plants because of their various pharmacological effects. However, there are eight Leptopus genus plants which belong to Euphorbiaceae have never be investigated. Thus, four Leptopus genus plants were collected to study their chemical constituents and pharmacological activities.

The bifunctional enzyme, GenB4, catalyzes the last step of gentamicin 3',4'-di-deoxygenation via reduction and transamination activities.

Background: New semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotics generally use chemical modifications to avoid inactivity from pathogens. One of the most used modifications is 3',4'-di-deoxygenation, which imitates the structure of gentamicin. However, the mechanism of di-deoxygenation has not been clearly elucidated.

New cassane-type diterpenoids from kernels of Caesalpinia bonduc (Linn.) Roxb. and their inhibitory activities on phosphodiesterase (PDE) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expression.

In this paper, chemical investigation on the chloroform soluble fraction of seed kernels of Caesalpinia bonduc resulted in the isolation of five new cassane diterpenoids: norcaesalpinin O (1), norcaesalpinin P (2), caesalpinin MQ (3), caesall O/P (4/5) and seven known compounds (6-12). Compounds structures were elucidated by H NMR, C NMR, 2D NMR, HR-MS and ECD (electronic circular dichroism) spectral analysis. The characters for new compounds with the presence of an aromatized C ring or demethyl group at C-17 position in the structures were found.

The dietary freeze-dried fruit powder of Actinidia arguta ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by inhibiting the activation of MAPKs.

In this study, we aimed at investigating the antiinflammatory activity of the freeze-dried fruit powder of Actinidia arguta (FAA) on dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice and the effect of its extract on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. For pharmacodynamic studies, the oral administration of FAA (300 or 600 mg kg) could decrease the disease activity index (DAI), reduce the incidence of colon and spleen edemas (caused by inflammation), and alleviate the pathological changes in UC.

A new sesquiterpenoid glycoside from .

, known for the abundant bioactive components, is a precious traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, a novel guaiane sesquiterpenoid glycoside named (1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11)-11, 13-dihydrodehydrocostuslactone-8--6'-2''()-butenoyl--D-glucopyranoside (), together with seven known compounds (-) were isolated from the dried aerial part of . Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and physico-chemical analyses.

New sesquiterpenoid glycoside from the rhizomes of .

Six sesquiterpenoids and four lignans (-) were isolated from the -BuOH extract of the rhizomes of . Among them, the new sesquiterpenoid glycoside named (4 , 5, 7)-hinesolone-11---ᴅ-glucopyranoside (), along with three known compounds (-) were first obtained from this genus. All the isolates were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods, and the absolute configurations were assigned by electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy technique.

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) inhibition by furofuran lignans from stems of Acanthopanax senticosus.

Two new furofuran lignans were isolated from the stems of Acanthopanax senticosus, along with seven known compounds. Their structures were all determined by spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods. All the isolates were evaluated for in vitro inhibitory activity against DGAT1 and DGAT2.

Effects of Morus root bark extract and active constituents on blood lipids in hyperlipidemia rats.

Objective: Chinese crude drug Mori Cortex Radicis (the root cortex of Morus species) has been used as a folk medicine to treat hypertension, diabetes, as well as in expectorant, diuretic agents. This investigation aims to study the anti-hyperlipidemia effects of Mori Cortex Radicis (MCR) extracts in hyperlipidemic rat models and the potential therapeutic activities of compounds isolated from the extracts.

Materials And Methods: The effects of MCR on hypolipidemic parameters were investigated using Wistar rats induced by high-lipid emulsion.

Four new sesqui-lignans isolated from Acanthopanax senticosus and their diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) inhibitory activity.

Four new sesqui-lignans, (7R, 7'R, 7″S, 8S, 8'S, 8″S)-4',5″-dihydroxy-3,5,3',4″-tetramethoxy-7,9':7',9-diepoxy-4,8″-oxy-8,8'-sesquineo-lignan-7″,9″-diol (1), (7R, 7'R, 7″S, 8S, 8'S, 8″S)-4',3″-dihydroxy-3,5,3',5',4″-pentamethoxy-7,9':7',9-diepoxy-4,8″-oxy-8,8'-sesquineo-lignan-7″,9″-diol (2), (7R, 7'R, 7″S, 8S, 8'S, 8″S)-3',4″-dihydroxy-3,5,4',5″-tetramethoxy-7,9':7',9-diepoxy-4,8″-oxy-8,8'-sesquineo-lignan-7″,9″-diol (3) and acanthopanax A (7) together with three known compounds (4-6) were isolated from the EtOAc-soluble extract of Acanthopanax senticosus. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and physicochemical analyses. All the isolates were evaluated for in vitro inhibitory activity against DGAT1 and DGAT2.

Two new lignans from Saururus chinensis and their DGAT inhibitory activity.

Two new lignans were isolated from Saururus chinensis, along with eight known compounds. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and physico-chemical analyses. All the isolates were evaluated for in vitro inhibitory activity against DGAT1 and DGAT2.