Differential expression of long non-coding RNAs as diagnostic markers for lung cancer and other malignant tumors.

Due to advances in chip and sequencing technology, several types and numbers of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified. LncRNAs are defined as non-protein-coding RNA molecules longer than 200 nucleotides, and are now thought as a new frontier in the study of human malignant diseases including NSCLC. Diagnosis of numerous malignant tumors has been closely linked to the differential expression of certain lncRNAs.

Systematic Comparison of Two Animal-to-Human Transmitted Human Coronaviruses: SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV.

After the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in the world in 2003, human coronaviruses (HCoVs) have been reported as pathogens that cause severe symptoms in respiratory tract infections. Recently, a new emerged HCoV isolated from the respiratory epithelium of unexplained pneumonia patients in the Wuhan seafood market caused a major disease outbreak and has been named the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This virus causes acute lung symptoms, leading to a condition that has been named as "coronavirus disease 2019" (COVID-19).

Asperginine, an Unprecedented Alkaloid from the Marine-derived Fungus Aspergillus sp.

Asperginine (1), an alkaloid possessing a rare skeleton, was isolated from the cultural broth of the marine fungus Aspergillus sp. (Z-4) isolated from the gut of the marine isopod Ligia oceanica. The planar structure and relative configuration of 1 was determined by analysis of NMR and mass spectral data.

Methylthio-aspochalasins from a marine-derived fungus Aspergillus sp.

Two novel aspochalasins, 20-β-methylthio-aspochalsin Q (named as aspochalasin V), (1) and aspochalasin W (2), were isolated from culture broth of Aspergillus sp., which was found in the gut of a marine isopod Ligia oceanica. The structures were determined on the basis of NMR and mass spectral data analysis.

A new cyclopeptide metabolite of marine gut fungus from Ligia oceanica.

A new cyclopeptide, together with three known amino acid derivatives, was isolated from marine-derived fungus Aspergillus flavipes, which was found in the gut of isopod Ligia oceanica. The novel peptide contains four amino acid units, proline, 5-methoxyanthranilic acid, isoleucine and 3-aminoacrylic acid. Its structure was determined on the basis of NMR, HR-MS and MS(n) spectral data analysis.

2-methyl-L-erythritol glycosides from Gardenia jasminoides.

Two new glycosides, 2-methyl-L-erythritol-4-O-(6-O-trans-sinapoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 2-methyl-L-erythritol-1-O-(6-O-trans-sinapoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), along with two known triterpenoids (3-4), four quinic acid derivatives (5-8) and one flavonoid (9) were isolated from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides. Their structures were elucidated through MS and 2D NMR experiments (HMQC and HMBC). Inhibitory effects of the isolated compounds on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages were evaluated.

Chemical constituents from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides and their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production.

Three new iridoid glycosides, 6"-O-trans-caffeoylgenipin gentiobioside (1), genipin 1-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), genipin 1-O-α-D-xylopyranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), three new monocyclic monoterpenoids, jasminoside R (4), jasminoside S (5), jasminoside T (6), together with nine known iridoid glycosides (7-15) and three crocetin glycosides (16-18), were isolated from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides. Their chemical structures were established mainly by 1D and 2D NMR techniques and mass spectrometry. Inhibitory effects of the isolated compounds on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccaride-activated macrophages were evaluated.