Molecular-scale CO spillover on a dual-site electrocatalyst enhances methanol production from CO reduction.

Cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) is recognized for catalysing electrochemical CO reduction into methanol at high Faradaic efficiency but is subject to deactivation. Cobalt tetraaminophthalocyanine (CoPc-NH) shows improved stability, but its methanol Faradaic efficiency is below 30%. This study addresses these limitations in selectivity, reactivity and stability by rationally designing a dual-site cascade catalyst.

Repair mechanisms of bone system tissues based on comprehensive perspective of multi-omics.

Bone disorders affect more than half of the adult population worldwide who may have a poor quality of life and physical independence worldwide. Multi-omic techniques are increasingly adopted and applied to determine the molecular mechanisms of bone tissue repair, providing perspective towards personalized medical intervention. Data from genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, glycomics, and lipidomics were combined to elucidate dynamic processes in bone repair.

Priorities in tackling noncommunicable diseases among the population aged 60 years and older in China, 1990-2021: A population-based study.

Objective: In China, it is expected that every one in three people will be aged 60 years and above in 2040, surpassing other low- and middle-income countries. The noncommunicable disease (NCD) burden and trends among elderly people must be clarified.

Methods: In this trend analysis based on the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021, we reported NCDs per 100,000 people and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), mortality, and incidence at three levels of the GBD 2021 hierarchy by age subgroups and by sex in the older population aged 60 years and above in China during 1990-2021.

The Defects Genome of Janus Transition Metal Dichalcogenides.

2D Janus Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted much interest due to their exciting quantum properties arising from their unique two-faced structure, broken-mirror symmetry, and consequent colossal polarization field within the monolayer. While efforts are made to achieve high-quality Janus monolayers, the existing methods rely on highly energetic processes that introduce unwanted grain-boundary and point defects with still unexplored effects on the material's structural and excitonic properties Through high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (HRSTEM), density functional theory (DFT), and optical spectroscopy measurements; this work introduces the most encountered and energetically stable point defects. It establishes their impact on the material's optical properties.

Global, Regional, and National Burdens of Otitis Media From 1990 to 2019: A Population Based Study.

Objectives: Otitis media is one of the most important causes of hearing loss at an early age. Effective vaccination with the routine 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-7) was introduced in 2000. It has been gradually replaced by the pneumococcal nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine or the higher-valent 13-valent PCV (PCV-13) since 2010.

Stability of hydrides in sub-Neptune exoplanets with thick hydrogen-rich atmospheres.

Many sub-Neptune exoplanets have been believed to be composed of a thick hydrogen-dominated atmosphere and a high-temperature heavier-element-dominant core. From an assumption that there is no chemical reaction between hydrogen and silicates/metals at the atmosphere-interior boundary, the cores of sub-Neptunes have been modeled with molten silicates and metals (magma) in previous studies. In large sub-Neptunes, pressure at the atmosphere-magma boundary can reach tens of gigapascals where hydrogen is a dense liquid.

Stabilizing lattice oxygen redox in layered sodium transition metal oxide through spin singlet state.

Reversible lattice oxygen redox reactions offer the potential to enhance energy density and lower battery cathode costs. However, their widespread adoption faces obstacles like substantial voltage hysteresis and poor stability. The current research addresses these challenges by achieving a non-hysteresis, long-term stable oxygen redox reaction in the P3-type NaCuMnO.

Spectroscopic Observation and Modeling of Photonic Modes in CeO2 Nanostructures.

Photonic modes in dielectric nanostructures, e.g., wide gap semiconductor like CeO2 (ceria), have the potential for various applications such as information transmission and sensing technology.

Integrating the characteristic genes of macrophage pseudotime analysis in single-cell RNA-seq to construct a prediction model of atherosclerosis.

Background: Macrophages play an important role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. However, few existing studies have deliberately analyzed the changes in characteristic genes in the process of macrophage phenotype transformation.

Method: Carotid atherosclerotic plaque single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing data were analyzed to define the cells involved and determine their transcriptomic characteristics.

Revolutionizing Porous Liquids: Stabilization and Structural Engineering Achieved by a Surface Deposition Strategy.

Facile approaches capable of constructing stable and structurally diverse porous liquids (PLs) that can deliver high-performance applications are a long-standing, captivating, and challenging research area that requires significant attention. Herein, a facile surface deposition strategy is demonstrated to afford diverse type III-PLs possessing ultra-stable dispersion, external structure modification, and enhanced performance in gas storage and transformation by leveraging the expeditious and uniform precipitation of selected metal salts. The Ag(I) species-modified zeolite nanosheets are deployed as the porous host to construct type III-PLs with ionic liquids (ILs) containing bromide anion , leading to stable dispersion driven by the formation of AgBr nanoparticles.

The impact of global, regional, and national population ageing on disability-adjusted life years and deaths associated with diabetes during 1990-2019: A global decomposition analysis.

Aims: To understanding the net regional, national, and economic effect of global population ageing on diabetes and its trends during 1990 and 2019 worldwide.

Methods: We employed a decomposition method to estimate the impact of population ageing on diabetes-related disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and total deaths in 204 countries from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national level. This method separated the net effect of population ageing from population growth and changes in mortality.

Memory-dictated dynamics of single-atom Pt on CeO for CO oxidation.

Single atoms of platinum group metals on CeO represent a potential approach to lower precious metal requirements for automobile exhaust treatment catalysts. Here we show the dynamic evolution of two types of single-atom Pt (Pt) on CeO, i.e.

A synergistic platform enables co-oxidation of halogenated organic pollutants without input of organic primary substrate.

While co-oxidation is widely used to biodegrade halogenated organic pollutants (HOPs), a considerable amount of organic primary substrate is required. Adding organic primary substrates increases the operating cost and also leads to extra carbon dioxide release. In this study, we evaluated a two-stage Reduction and Oxidation Synergistic Platform (ROSP), which integrated catalytic reductive dehalogenation with biological co-oxidation for HOPs removal.

Ultrasonication-Induced Strong Metal-Support Interaction Construction in Water Towards Enhanced Catalysis.

The development of facile methodologies to afford robust supported metal nanocatalysts under mild conditions is highly desirable yet challenging, particularly via strong metal-support interactions (SMSI) construction. State-of-the-art approaches capable of generating SMSI encapsulation mainly focus on high temperature annealing in reductive/oxidative atmosphere. Herein, ultra-stable metal nanocatalysts based on SMSI construction were produced by leveraging the instantaneous high-energy input from ultrasonication under ambient conditions in H O, which could rapidly afford abundant active intermediates, Ti ions, and oxygen vacancies within the scaffolds to induce the SMSI overlayer formation.

Coremoval of Energetics and Oxyanions via the In Situ Coupling of Catalytic and Enzymatic Destructions: A Solution to Ammunition Wastewater Treatment.

Ammunition wastewater contains toxic nitrated explosives like RDX and oxyanions like nitrate and perchlorate. Its treatment is challenged by low efficiency due to contaminant recalcitrance and high cost due to multiple processes needed for separately removing different contaminant types. This paper reports a H-based low-energy strategy featuring the treatment of explosives via catalytic denitration followed by microbial mineralization coupled with oxyanion reduction.

Reductive Dehalogenation of Herbicides Catalyzed by PdNPs in a H-Based Membrane Catalyst-Film Reactor.

More food production required to feed humans will require intensive use of herbicides to protect against weeds. The widespread application and persistence of herbicides pose environmental risks for nontarget species. Elemental-palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) are known to catalyze reductive dehalogenation of halogenated organic pollutants.

A Spatiotemporal Calibration Algorithm for IMU-LiDAR Navigation System Based on Similarity of Motion Trajectories.

The fusion of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensing information can effectively improve the environment modeling and localization accuracy of navigation systems. To realize the spatiotemporal unification of data collected by the IMU and the LiDAR, a two-step spatiotemporal calibration method combining coarse and fine is proposed. The method mainly includes two aspects: (1) Modeling continuous-time trajectories of IMU attitude motion using B-spline basis functions; the motion of the LiDAR is estimated by using the normal distributions transform (NDT) point cloud registration algorithm, taking the Hausdorff distance between the local trajectories as the cost function and combining it with the hand-eye calibration method to solve the initial value of the spatiotemporal relationship between the two sensors' coordinate systems, and then using the measurement data of the IMU to correct the LiDAR distortion.

Grain Boundary-Derived Cu /Cu Interfaces in CuO Nanosheets for Low Overpotential Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction to Ethylene.

Electrochemical CO reduction reaction can be used to produce value-added hydrocarbon fuels and chemicals by coupling with clean electrical energy. However, highly active, selective, and energy-efficient CO conversion to multicarbon hydrocarbons, such as C H , remains challenging because of the lack of efficient catalysts. Herein, an ultrasonication-assisted electrodeposition strategy to synthesize CuO nanosheets for low-overpotential CO electroreduction to C H is reported.

Efficacy and Safety of Radiofrequency Ablation vs. Endoscopic Surveillance for Barrett's Esophagus With Low-Grade Dysplasia: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background And Aims: Barrett's esophagus with low-grade dysplasia (BE-LGD) carries a risk of progression to Barrett's esophagus with high-grade dysplasia (BE-HGD) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) appears to be a safe and efficacious method to eradicate Barrett's esophagus. However, a confirmed consensus regarding treatment of BE-LGD with RFA vs.

Reaching the Excitonic Limit in 2D Janus Monolayers by In Situ Deterministic Growth.

Named after the two-faced Roman god of transitions, transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) Janus monolayers have two different chalcogen surfaces, inherently breaking the out-of-plane mirror symmetry. The broken mirror symmetry and the resulting potential gradient lead to the emergence of quantum properties such as the Rashba effect and the formation of dipolar excitons. Experimental access to these quantum properties, however, hinges on the ability to produce high-quality 2D Janus monolayers.

Prognostic Value of lncRNA DRAIC and miR-3940-3p in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Their Effect on Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Progression.

Purpose: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a most common malignant tumor, even worse for diseases with relatively poor prognosis. Non-coding RNAs have the potential to be biomarkers for the prognosis of various cancers. LncRNA DRAIC and miR-3940-3p have been screened as dysregulated RNAs in LUAD.

Selective Mediastinal Lymphadenectomy or Complete Mediastinal Lymphadenectomy for Clinical Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Selective mediastinal lymphadenectomy (SML) and complete mediastinal lymphadenectomy (CML) are two main types of surgery conducted for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) plus lobectomy or segmentectomy. It is not known whether stage I NSCLC can benefit from CML. Using the meta-analytical method, our research aimed to find out the worth of SML and CML for the therapy of clinical stage I NSCLC.

Coordination tailoring of Cu single sites on CN realizes selective CO hydrogenation at low temperature.

CO hydrogenation has attracted great attention, yet the quest for highly-efficient catalysts is driven by the current disadvantages of poor activity, low selectivity, and ambiguous structure-performance relationship. We demonstrate here that CN-supported Cu single atom catalysts with tailored coordination structures, namely, Cu-N and Cu-N, can serve as highly selective and active catalysts for CO hydrogenation at low temperature. The modulation of the coordination structure of Cu single atom is readily realized by simply altering the treatment parameters.

Iridium metallene oxide for acidic oxygen evolution catalysis.

Exploring new materials is essential in the field of material science. Especially, searching for optimal materials with utmost atomic utilization, ideal activities and desirable stability for catalytic applications requires smart design of materials' structures. Herein, we report iridium metallene oxide: 1 T phase-iridium dioxide (IrO) by a synthetic strategy combining mechanochemistry and thermal treatment in a strong alkaline medium.