Comparative physiological and co-expression network analysis reveals potential hub genes and adaptive mechanisms responsive to NaCl stress in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.).

Background: Salt stress has become a major threat to peanut yield and quality, and salt stress is particularly detrimental to seedling growth. Combined analysis of the physiology and transcriptomics of salt-tolerant variety (NH5) and salt-sensitive variety (FH23) under 200 mM NaCl stress was conducted to identify the key factors influencing the differences in salt tolerance and to investigate the potential regulatory mechanisms and hub genes associated with salt tolerance in peanuts.

Results: Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and electrolyte leakage rate were significantly increased under prolonged NaCl stress, with the increase in FH23 being even more pronounced.

LLT1 overexpression renders allogeneic-NK resistance and facilitates the generation of enhanced universal CAR-T cells.

Background: The benefit of universal CAR-T cells over autologous CAR-T cell therapy is that they are a treatment that is ready to use. However, the prevention of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and host-versus-graft reaction (HVGR) remains challenging. Deleting class I of human leukocyte antigen (HLA-I) and class II of human leukocyte antigen (HLA-II) can prevent rejection by allogeneic T cells; however, natural killer (NK) cell rejection due to the loss of self-recognition remains unresolved.

Cobalt-Zinc carbonaceous yolk-shell reactor enhances electron transfer in non-radical pathways: Electric potential concentration effect via bimetallic synergy.

Bimetallic catalysts have notable advantages in the field of persulfate activation owing to their intermetallic synergy. However, studies on stimulating the potential concentration effect through intermetallic coordination to enhance the electron transfer efficiency are limited. In this study, a cobalt (Co) and zinc (Zn) bimetallic yolk-shell structured high-efficiency peroxymonosulfate (PMS) catalyst (Z67@8-HCNF) was prepared by the derivatization of metal-organic backbone materials and was found to produce significant synergistic interactions between Co and Zn metals, which could be utilized to trigger the potential concentration effect to enhance the intermolecular electron transfer efficiency and achieve efficient PMS activation.

Hydrogen bonding network in the electrical double layer mediates fast proton skipping to Get Rid of Fenton reaction pH dependence enables highly efficient alkaline water purification.

A fundamental scientific quandary in environmental has always been the pH dependence in Fenton reaction, that is, the reaction kinetics decreases by approximately 1-3 orders of magnitude upon transitioning from an acidic to an alkaline state. Here, we discovered that protons significantly contribute to the Fenton reaction through an examination of the reaction's interfacial behavior characteristics. Proton transfer mediated by hydrogen bond network connectivity in the electric double layer is responsible for the pH dependence of Fenton reaction kinetics.

Autologous CD7 CAR-T cells generated without T cell pre-selection in pediatric patients with relapsed/refractory T-ALL: A phase I trial.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy showed preliminary activity in patients with refractory or relapsed T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (r/r T-ALL). However, many obstacles remain, including manufacturing difficulties and risk of infections. This phase I study (NCT04840875) evaluated autologous CD7 CAR-T cells manufactured without pre-selection of healthy T cells in r/r T-ALL.

Enhanced peroxymonosulfate activation for emerging contaminant degradation via defect-engineered interfacial electric field in FeNC.

Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation technology has important application value in treating emerging contaminant (ECs), but it still faces challenges in achieving efficient electron transfer and metal valence cycling. In this study, the interfacial electric field characteristics of FeNC catalysts were adjusted by introducing NC defects to affect the electron transfer process, thereby enhancing the catalytic performance of PMS. It is found that in the FeNC structure, the shift of the charge generates an interfacial electric field, which can promote the directional transfer of electrons.

C-JUN overexpressing CAR-T cells in acute myeloid leukemia: preclinical characterization and phase I trial.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells show suboptimal efficacy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We find that CAR T cells exposed to myeloid leukemia show impaired activation and cytolytic function, accompanied by impaired antigen receptor downstream calcium, ZAP70, ERK, and C-JUN signaling, compared to those exposed to B-cell leukemia. These defects are caused in part by the high expression of CD155 by AML.

Mechanism of directed activation of peroxymonosulfate by Fe-N/O unsymmetrical coordination-modulated polarized electric field.

Iron-nitrogen co-doped carbon materials as heterogeneous catalysts have attracted much attention in advanced oxidation processes involving peroxymonosulfate (PMS) due to their unique structure and enormous catalytic potential. However, there is limited research on the influence of different coordination structures on the central iron atoms. Through simple pyrolysis, we introduced oxygen atoms into the Fe-N coordination structure, constructing Fe-N/O@C catalysts with Fe-NO coordination structure, and achieved efficient degradation of bisphenol A (BPA).

Myeloid leukemia-derived galectin-1 downregulates CAR expression to hinder cytotoxicity of CAR T cells.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown significant activity in B-lineage malignancies. However, their efficacy in myeloid leukemia has not been successful due to unclear molecular mechanisms.

Methods: We conducted in vitro and in vivo experiments to investigate whether myeloid leukemia cells directly induce CAR down-regulation.

Facilitating Proton Coupled Electron Transfer Reaction through the Interfacial Micro Electric Field with Fe─N ─C in FeMOFs Glass.

The proton-coupled electron transfer(PCET) reaction plays a crucial role in the chemical transformation process andhas become one of the most concerned elementary reactions. However, the complex kinetics of PCET reaction, which requires the simultaneous transfer of protons and electrons, leads to the dilemma that thermodynamics and kinetics cannot bebalanced and restricts its further development. In this, an interface micro-electric field (IMEF) basedon Fe─N in FeMOFs (Fe-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks) glass is designed tosynchronize proton/electron interface behavior for the first time to realizeefficient PCET reaction and optimize reaction thermodynamics and kinetics.

Unraveling the single-atom Fe-N catalytic site selectivity generate singlet oxygen via activation of persulfate: Polarizing electric fields changes the electron transfer pathway.

Single-atom catalysts have been proved to be an effective material for the removal of organic pollutants from water and wastewater, and yet, the relationship between their internal structures and their roles still remains elusive. In this work, a catalyst Fe (MIL)-SAC with single-atom Fe-N active site was prepared. Fe (MIL)-SAC/Peroxydisulfate (PDS) system was able to achieve complete degrade of the Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) with k at 0.

Revealing the synergistic mechanism of the generation, migration and nearby utilization of reactive oxygen species in FeOCl-MOF yolk-shell reactors.

Fenton-like reactions is attractive for environmental pollutant control, but there is an urgent need to improve the utilisation of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) in practical applications. Here, for the first time, FeOCl is encapsulated within a Metal Organic Framework (MOF) (Materials of Institut Lavoisier-101 (MIL-101(Fe))) as a yolk-shell reactor (FeOCl-MOF) by in situ growth. The interaction between FeOCl and the MOF not only increases the electron density of FeOCl, but also shifts down the d-band centre.

Regulating Interlayer Confinement FeOCl for Accelerating Polymerization of Pollutants to Reduce Carbon Emission in Water Purification.

The spatial structure regulation of catalysts could optimize the reaction pathway and enhance the mass transfer kinetics, which might realize the efficient and low-consumption removal of pollutants in Fenton-like technology. In this study, ,-dimethylformamide (DMF) intercalation was used to adjust the interlayer spacing of FeOCl from 7.90 to 11.

Exploring degradation properties and mechanisms of emerging contaminants via enhanced directional electron transfer by polarized electric fields regulation in Fe-N-C.

Heterogeneous catalysis offers an opportunity to overcome the low efficiency and secondary pollution limitations of emerging contaminants (ECs) purification technologies, but it is still challenging to regulate electron directed transport for achieving high catalysis efficiency and selectivity due to insufficient understanding of the electron transfer pathways and behavioral mechanisms during its catalysis. Here, by tuning the defects of the C-N coordination of the support, the polarized electric field (PEF) characteristics are changed, which in turn affects the electron transport behavior. The results show that the charge offset on Fe-N-C forms a PEF, which will induce directional electron transport.

Preclinical Evaluation of CD64 As a Potential Target For CAR-T-cell Therapy For Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

The relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients receiving traditional chemotherapies have poor survival rate. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells have demonstrated remarkable effectiveness against some malignancies. However, most of CAR-Ts targeting the candidate proteins on AML cells induce hematopoietic cell suppression.

Tailored d-Band Facilitating in Fe Gradient Doping CuO Boosts Peroxymonosulfate Activation for High Efficiency Generation and Release of Singlet Oxygen.

In the field of heterogeneous catalysis, limitations of the surface reaction process inevitably make improving the catalytic efficiency to remove pollutants in water a major challenge. Here, we report a unique structure of Fe surface-gradient-doped CuO that improves the overall catalytic processes of adsorption, electron transfer, and desorption. Interestingly, gradient doping leads to an imbalanced charge distribution in the crystal structure, thereby promoting the adsorption and electron transport efficiency of peroxymonosulfate (PMS).

Homogeneously high expression of CD32b makes it a potential target for CAR-T therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells have been used to treat patients with refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, approximately 50% of patients do not respond to this therapy. To improve the clinical outcome of these patients, it is necessary to develop strategies with other optimal targets to enable secondary or combinational CAR-T cell therapy.

Copper oxide/graphitic carbon nitride composite for bisphenol a degradation by boosted peroxymonosulfate activation: Mechanism of Cu-O covalency governs.

Surface structure can govern heterogeneous catalysis, resulting in its critical role in nonradical reactions. Here, we explored whether Cu-O covalency plays a critical role in controlling the inherent properties of copper oxide/graphitic carbon nitride (CuO-CN). Experiments and theoretical calculations show that, in contrast to the traditional concept of low-valent metal control activity, surface modification enlarges Cu-O covalency, and high-valent copper species at the surface easily bind peroxymonosulfate (PMS, (HSO)) anions.

Exogenous 2-(3,4-Dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine alleviates salinity stress in maize by enhancing photosynthetic capacity, improving water status and maintaining K/Na homeostasis.

Background: Soil salinity restricts plant growth and productivity. 2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine (DCPTA) can alleviate salinity stress in plants. However, the mechanism of DCPTA-mediated salinity tolerance has not been fully clarified.

Differentially expressed ZmASR genes associated with chilling tolerance in maize (Zea mays) varieties.

The ABA-stress-ripening (ASR) gene is an abiotic stress-response gene that is widely present in higher plants. The expression of ASR was recently shown to effectively improve plant tolerance to several abiotic stresses. However, the role of ASR during chilling stress in maize (Zea mays L.

Synthesis of a g-CN-CuO heterojunction with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity by PEG.

A g-CN-CuO was successfully synthesized in the presence of PEG-400 surfactant via a hydrothermal method and high-temperature calcination method. Based on the results of TEM, XPS, EPR, and other techniques, it was verified that a heterojunction was formed. The synthesized g-CN-CuO show excellent photocatalytic activity and stability was confirmed through cycling experiments, XRD and XPS.