Progress in the application of cardiac magnetic resonance to predict recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation: A systematic review and -analysis.

Background: This systematic review and -analysis aimed to assess changes in left atrial structure and function at baseline and after catheter ablation and their association with atrial fibrillation recurrence using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: As of June 2024, a total of 3086 articles have been obtained through searching PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Standard mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were used to examine structural and functional changes of left atrium after catheter ablation and their relationship with recurrence of atrial fibrillation.

Integrated Single-Cell Analysis Revealed Novel Subpopulations of Foamy Macrophages in Human Atherosclerotic Plaques.

Foam cell formation is a hallmark of atherosclerosis, yet the cellular complexity within foam cells in human plaques remains unexplored. Here, we integrate published single-cell RNA-sequencing, spatial transcriptomic, and chromatin accessibility sequencing datasets of human atherosclerotic lesions across eight distinct studies. Through this large-scale integration of patient-derived information, we identified foamy macrophages enriched for genes characteristic of the foamy signature.

Enhancing stability and physiological activity of Aronia melanocarpa L. anthocyanin by polysaccharides.

Background: The existence of multiple phenolic hydroxyl groups in anthocyanins makes their structure unstable and leads to the degradation of anthocyanins. At present, there are few studies on the stability and physiological activity of Aronia melanocarpa L. anthocyanins by different polysaccharides.

Hypnotic Use and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in Insomnia Patients.

Aims: We aimed to examine the association between hypnotic agents and cardiovascular outcomes in general individuals with insomnia.

Methods: In a propensity score matched cohort of UK Biobank (UKB) participants with insomnia, Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the association between regular use of hypnotic agents and predetermined cardiovascular outcomes including incident coronary heart diseases (CHD), heart failure (HF), stroke, and cardiovascular death. Inverse probability of treatment weighting, competing risk models, and shared frailty models were further performed during sensitivity analysis.

Prognostic Value of Urinary N-Acetyl-β-d-Glucosaminidase as a Marker of Tubular Damage in Patients with Heart Failure and Mitral Regurgitation.

Background: Mitral regurgitation (MR) has a high prevalence and aggravates hypoperfusion and hypoxia in heart failure (HF). Renal tubular epithelial cells are sensitive to hypoxia, and therefore tubulointerstitial damage is quite common in HF. However, the correlation between tubular dysfunction and MR has not been studied.

The Association between Serum Creatinine/Cystatin C Ratio and Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality: Insights from NHANES.

Background: The Serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio (Cr/CysC ratio) is an emerging alternative index for muscle mass loss, a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the association between the Cr/CysC ratio and CVD morbidity and mortality remains unknown.

Methods: A total of 11,150 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included in this study.

Co-Immobilization of Alcalase/Dispase for Production of Selenium-Enriched Peptide from .

Enzymatically derived selenium-enriched peptides from (CV) can serve as valuable selenium supplements. However, the industrial application of free enzyme is impeded by its limited stability and reusability. Herein, this study explores the application of co-immobilized enzymes (Alcalase and Dispase) on amino resin for hydrolyzing CV proteins to produce selenium-enriched peptides.

Enzyme-responsive liposomes for controlled drug release.

Compared to other nanovectors, liposomes exhibit unique advantages, such as good biosafety and high drug-loading capacity. However, slow drug release from conventional liposomes makes most payloads unavailable, restricting the therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, in the last ∼20 years, enzyme-responsive liposomes have been extensively investigated, which liberate drugs under the stimulation of enzymes overexpressed at disease sites.

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Van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnetic materials have emerged as a promising platform for the development of 2D spintronic devices. However, studies to date are restricted to vdW ferromagnetic materials with low Curie temperature (T) and small magnetic anisotropy. Here, a chemical vapor transport method is developed to synthesize a high-quality room-temperature ferromagnet, FeGaTe (c-FeGaTe), which boasts a high T = 356 K and large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy.

Integrative Analyses of Transcriptomics and Metabolomics in Immune Response of Mats to Infection.

This study utilized to infect , analyzed the effects on the transcriptome and metabolome, and further investigated the antibacterial function of . We performed transcriptome and metabolome sequencing on the infected with and its control groups, and performed a joint analysis of transcriptome and metabolome results. Upon screening, 4560 differentially expressed genes were obtained in the transcriptome and 71 differentially expressed metabolites were obtained in the metabolome.

Image Domain Multi-Material Decomposition Noise Suppression Through Basis Transformation and Selective Filtering.

Spectral CT can provide material characterization ability to offer more precise material information for diagnosis purposes. However, the material decomposition process generally leads to amplification of noise which significantly limits the utility of the material basis images. To mitigate such problem, an image domain noise suppression method was proposed in this work.

Database-Driven Spatially Resolved Lipidomics Highlights Heterogeneous Metabolic Alterations in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

Spatially resolved lipidomics is pivotal for detecting and interpreting lipidomes within spatial contexts using the mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) technique. However, comprehensive and efficient lipid identification in MSI remains challenging. Herein, we introduce a high-coverage, database-driven approach combined with air-flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization (AFADESI)-MSI to generate spatial lipid profiles across whole-body mice.

On-tissue chemical derivatization-enhanced spatially resolved lipidomics reveals abnormal metabolism in type 2 diabetic rat brain.

Neurologic disorders are often accompanied by alterations in lipids and oxylipins in the brain. However, the complexity of the lipidome in the brain and its changes during brain damage caused by diabetes remain poorly understood. Herein, we developed an enhanced spatially resolved lipidomics approach with the assistance of on-tissue chemical derivatization to study lipid metabolism in the rat brain.

Development of novel peptide-based radiotracers for detecting PD-L1 expression and guiding cancer immunotherapy.

Purpose: Due to tumor heterogeneity, immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed poor accuracy in detecting the expression of programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in patients. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is considered as a non-invasive technique to detect PD-L1 expression at the molecular level visually, real-timely and quantitatively. This study aimed to develop novel peptide-based radiotracers [Ga]/[F]AlF-NOTA-IMB for accurately detecting the PD-L1 expression and guiding the cancer immunotherapy.

Boosting Bifunctional Catalysis by Integrating Active Faceted Intermetallic Nanocrystals and Strained Pt-Ir Functional Shells.

PtIr-based nanostructures are fascinating materials for application in bifunctional oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysis. However, the fabrication of PtIr nanocatalysts with clear geometric features and structural configurations, which are crucial for enhancing the bifunctionality, remains challenging. Herein, PtCo@PtIr nanoparticles are precisely designed and fabricated with a quasi-octahedral PtCo nanocrystal as a highly atomically ordered core and an ultrathin PtIr atomic layer as a compressively strained shell.

Discovery and construction of surface kagome electronic states induced by p-d electronic hybridization in CoSnS.

Kagome-lattice materials possess attractive properties for quantum computing applications, but their synthesis remains challenging. Herein, based on the compelling identification of the two cleavable surfaces of CoSnS, we show surface kagome electronic states (SKESs) on a Sn-terminated triangular CoSnS surface. Such SKESs are imprinted by vertical p-d electronic hybridization between the surface Sn (subsurface S) atoms and the buried Co kagome-lattice network in the CoSn layer under the surface.

Automatic Evaluating of Multi-Phase Cranial CTA Collateral Circulation Based on Feature Fusion Attention Network Model.

Stroke is one of the main causes of disability and death, and it can be divided into hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke is more common, and about 8 out of 10 stroke patients suffer from ischemic stroke. In clinical practice, doctors diagnose stroke by using computed tomography angiography (CTA) image to accurately evaluate the collateral circulation in stroke patients.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of a Small-Molecule PET Agent for Imaging PD-L1 Expression.

Immunotherapy blocking programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway has achieved great therapeutic effect in the clinic, but the overall response rate is not satisfactory. Early studies showed that response to treatment and overall survival could be positively related to PD-L1 expression in tumors. Therefore, accurate measurement of PD-L1 expression will help to screen cancer patients and improve the overall response rate.

Insights into modifiable risk factors of erectile dysfunction, a wide-angled Mendelian Randomization study.

Introduction: The causal association between modifiable risk factors and erectile dysfunction (ED) remains unclear, which hinders the early identification and intervention of patients with ED. The present study aimed to clarify the causal association between 42 predominant risk factors and ED.

Methods: Univariate Mendelian Randomization (MR), multivariate MR, and mediation MR analyses were used to investigate the causal association between 42 modifiable risk factors and ED.

Which frequency is better for pediatric shock wave lithotripsy? Low intermediate or high: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To explore the optimal frequency for pediatric extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in the treatment of upper urinary stones.

Methods: A systematic literature search was undertaken using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases to identify eligible studies published before January 2023. Primary outcomes were perioperative efficacy parameters, including ESWL time, anesthesia time for ESWL sessions, success rates after each session, additional interventions needed, and treatment sessions per patient.

Vitamin D3 improved erectile function recovery by regulating autophagy and apoptosis in a rat model of cavernous nerve injury.

Vitamin D is an important element in improving erectile function. However, the mechanisms of vitamin D remain unknown. Thus, we explored the effect of vitamin D on erectile function recovery after nerve injury in a rat model and investigated its possible molecular mechanisms.

Comparison of embryonic development, from HH21 to HH40, between ostrich (Struthio camelus) and chicken (Gallus gallus).

Background: The chicken has been a representative model organism to study embryonic development in birds, however important differences exist among this class of species. As a representative of one of oldest existing clades of birds, the African ostrich (Struthio camelus), has the largest body among birds, and has two toes. Our purpose is to establish the corresponding stages in ostrich embryo development that match the well-established HH system of the chicken to facilitate comparative studies between the ostrich and other birds to better understand differences in development.

Development of a radiolabeled site-specific single-domain antibody positron emission tomography probe for monitoring PD-L1 expression in cancer.

Despite advances in immunotherapy for the treatment of cancers, not all patients can benefit from programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Anti-PD-L1 therapeutic effects reportedly correlate with the PD-L1 expression level; hence, accurate detection of PD-L1 expression can guide immunotherapy to achieve better therapeutic effects. Therefore, based on the high affinity antibody Nb109, a new site-specifically radiolabeled tracer, Ga-NODA-cysteine, aspartic acid, and valine (CDV)-Nb109, was designed and synthesized to accurately monitor PD-L1 expression.