Yi-qi-yang-yin decoction ameliorates diabetic retinopathy: New and comprehensive evidence from network pharmacology, machine learning, molecular docking and molecular biology experiment.

Yi-Qi-Yang-Yin Decoction (YQYY), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been used to treat diabetic retinopathy (DR), yet its precise mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. In this study, two distinct diabetic models, namely spontaneous type 2 diabetic db/db mice and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats, were employed to assess the efficacy of YQYY in ameliorating DR. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) was employed to identify the chemical composition of YQYY in mouse serum.

Construction and testing of a high-homogeneity 55 T pulsed magnet for high-field nuclear magnetic resonance measurements.

High-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments call for the further development of pulsed magnets with a more practical winding structure and higher magnetic field homogeneity. This study presents the construction method and test results of a high-homogeneity pulsed magnet based on an optimized localized split structure. A winding craft using gap spacers was developed for the precise winding of split-gap transition wires.

The asymmetric expression of HSPA2 in blastomeres governs the first embryonic cell-fate decision.

The first cell-fate decision is the process by which cells of an embryo take on distinct lineage identities for the first time, thus representing the beginning of developmental patterning. Here, we demonstrate that the molecular chaperone heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2), a member of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) family, is asymmetrically expressed in the late 2-cell stage of mouse embryos. The knockdown of in one of the 2-cell blastomeres prevented its progeny predominantly towards the inner cell mass (ICM) fate.

StoCFL: A stochastically clustered federated learning framework for Non-IID data with dynamic client participation.

Federated learning is a distributed learning framework that takes full advantage of private data samples kept on edge devices. In real-world federated learning systems, these data samples are often decentralized and Non-Independently Identically Distributed (Non-IID), causing divergence and performance degradation in the federated learning process. As a new solution, clustered federated learning groups federated clients with similar data distributions to impair the Non-IID effects and train a better model for every cluster.

c-Kit cells that intercalate with crypt Lgr5 cells are distinctively multipotent in colonic epithelium renewal and repair.

The colonic crypts are principally composed by Lgr5 stem cells and deep crypt secretory (DCS) cells. c-Kit-expressing cells mark DCS cells and supply Wnt3, EGF, and Notch signals to support their neighboring crypt bottom-intermingled Lgr5 cells. However, the role of c-Kit cells beyond supporting Lgr5 cells in colonic epithelium remains unexplored.

The Cardiotoxicity Risk of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Compared with Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated favorable outcomes in various cancers. However, it has been observed that ICIs may induce life-threatening cardiovascular toxicity. In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to determine the risk of cardiovascular toxicities in patients exposed to ICIs or in combination with chemotherapy.

Constructions and immunogenicity evaluations of two porcine epdemic diarrhea virus-like particle vaccines.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a swine enteropathogenic coronavirus, causing acute diarrhea, dehydration, and up to 100 % mortality in neonatal suckling piglets, leading to huge economic losses in the global swine industry. Vaccination remains the most promising and effective way to prevent and control PEDV. In this study, we produced PEDV virus-like particles (VLPs) composed of S, M, and E proteins with a baculovirus expression system and a mammalian expression system.

Resveratrol in animal models of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer: A systematic review with machine learning.

Background: Resveratrol (RES), a common type of plant polyphenols, has demonstrated promising therapeutic efficacy and safety in animal models of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. However, a comprehensive analysis of these data is currently unavailable. This study aimed to systematically review the preclinical evidence regarding RES's effects on animal models of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer via meta-analyses and optimised machine learning techniques.

Enhanced activation of peroxide to generate singlet oxygen via boron-doped Cu single-atom catalysts for efficient water treatment.

The development of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for environmental remediation has spurred a growing interest in catalysts that selectively generate non-radical species such as singlet oxygen (O). However, the precise engineering of catalytic sites to enhance targeted O production remains a formidable challenge. This study reports a B-doped graphitic carbon nitride-supported Cu single-atom catalyst (CuBCN) that significantly enhances HO activation for efficient O production.

Functional metal organic framework mediated G-quadruplex DNA nanostructures for improved self-powered smartphone-assisted dual-mode biosensing.

Accurate detection of major disease biomarkers is frequently hindered by complex environmental factors and their inherently low expression levels. To overcome these challenges, a self-powered, smartphone-assisted dual-mode biosensing platform has been developed, utilizing functional metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and G-quadruplex (G-4s) DNA nanostructures to significantly amplify signal output and enhance detection accuracy. This innovative system utilizes gold nanoparticle/zirconium-based MOF/graphdiyne composites (AuNPs/Zr-MOF/GDY) and self-assembles methylene blue (MB) with G-quadruplex (G-4s) DNA nanostructures for detecting the thalassemia gene CD122.

Efficacy of Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Agents in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients with or without Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy: A Meta-Analysis.

The classification of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) as a subtype of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) remained an ongoing controversy. This meta-analysis examines the efficacy of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents in nAMD patients with or without PCV. A systematic search was conducted in four databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library, from their inception to 1 July 2023.

Albumin-conjugated flumethasone for targeting and normalization of pancreatic stellate cells.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in the poor clinical outlook for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) drive the complex interactions within the TME, resulting in a microenvironment that is resistant to chemotherapy and tolerant to the immune system, thereby promoting tumor growth. Effective deactivation of PSC is vital in treating pancreatic cancer.

Designing vaping prevention messages for youth: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Youth vaping has become a significant public health concern globally. Effective prevention messages are essential to reduce the prevalence of vaping among young people. However, evidence on the design of youth vaping prevention messages is limited.

Histones are critical toxic factors in gut lymph of severe acute pancreatitis: Neutralization by baicalin and baicalein for protection.

Background: Whether circulating histones in gut lymph contribute to organ failure and impact of chaiqin chengqi decoction (CQCQD) on histones in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) remain elusive.

Purpose: To verify the role of histones in gut lymph of SAP and evaluate the effect of the CQCQD on them.

Methods: Sodium taurocholate was retrogradely infused into pancreatobiliary duct to induce SAP in rodents.

Assessing the Effectiveness of Digital Health Behavior Strategies on Type 2 Diabetes Management: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Various mobile technologies and digital health interventions (DHIs) have been developed for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management. Strategies are crucial for ensuring the effectiveness of DHIs. However, there is currently a lack of categorization and summarization of the strategies used in DHIs for T2DM.

Progress and prospects of the combination of BMI1-targeted therapy and immunotherapy in cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent gynecologic malignancies, posing a significant threat to women's health and survival. Despite advancements in early screening and diagnosis, which have led to cervical cancer being termed a "preventable" cancer, treatment options for advanced and recurrent cervical cancer remain limited. Consequently, identifying new therapeutic targets and treatments is crucial for advancing the research and management of cervical cancer.

Lipid metabolism of apoptotic vesicles accelerates cutaneous wound healing by modulating macrophage function.

The application of apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs) derived from stem cell in skin wound healing has garnered significant attention. In recent decades, scholars have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) established intercellular communication by carrying proteins or microRNAs, the role of lipids in EVs in wound healing has yet to be clarified. Here, we focus on the key role of group X secretory phospholipase A (sPLA-X) in lipid metabolism.

T Cell-Derived Apoptotic Extracellular Vesicles Ameliorate Bone Loss via CD39 and CD73-Mediated ATP Hydrolysis.

Background: Osteoporosis is a major public health concern characterized by decreased bone density. Among various therapeutic strategies, apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs) have emerged as promising agents in tissue regeneration. Specifically, T cell-derived ApoEVs have shown substantial potential in facilitating bone regeneration.

Shared and distinctive changes of the white matter integrity in generalized anxiety disorder with or without depressive disorder.

Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a prevalent anxiety disorder often comorbid with major depressive disorder (MDD). Previous neuroimaging studies have shown that white matter (WM) microstructural alterations are critical for efficient communication between brain regions, and play an important role in the pathology of GAD. However, the exact profile of WM abnormalities in GAD with and without comorbid MDD remain unclear.

Unambiguous Detection of High-Energy Vortex States via the Superkick Effect.

Vortex states of photons, electrons, and other particles are freely propagating wave packets with helicoidal wave fronts winding around the axis of a phase vortex. A particle prepared in a vortex state carries a nonzero orbital angular momentum projection on the propagation direction, a quantum number that has never been exploited in experimental particle and nuclear physics. Low-energy vortex photons, electrons, neutrons, and helium atoms have been demonstrated in experiment and found numerous applications, and there exist proposals of boosting them to higher energies.

Discovery of an Enzyme-Activated Fluorogenic Probe for Profiling of Acylaminoacyl-Peptide Hydrolase.

Acylaminoacyl-peptide hydrolase (APEH), a serine peptidase that belongs to the prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) family, catalyzes removal of N-terminal acetylated amino acid residues from peptides. As a key regulator of protein N-terminal acetylation, APEH was involved in many important physiological processes while its aberrant expression was correlated with progression of various diseases such as inflammation, diabetics, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and cancers. However, while emerging attention has been attracted in APEH-related disease diagnosis and drug discovery, the mechanisms behind APEH and related disease progression are still unclear; thus, further investigating the physiological role and function of APEH is of great importance.

Astragaloside IV inhibits retinal pigment epithelial cell senescence and reduces IL-1β mRNA stability by targeting FTO-mediated mA methylation.

Background: Resistance to senescence in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells can delay the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, the mechanisms underlying RPE cell senescence remain inadequately understood, and effective therapeutic strategies are lacking. While astragaloside IV (Ast) has demonstrated anti-aging properties, its specific effects on RPE cell senescence and potential mechanisms are not yet fully clarified.

The efficacy and safety of L. leaves extract combined with ACEI/ARB on diabetic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 41 randomized controlled trials.

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the world. However, the current conventional approaches have not yet achieved satisfactory efficacy. As one of the most influential products in botanical medicine, L.

Mapping the Landscape of Digital Health Intervention Strategies: 25-Year Synthesis.

Background: Digital health interventions have emerged as promising tools to promote health behavior change and improve health outcomes. However, a comprehensive synthesis of strategies contributing to these interventions is lacking.

Objective: This study aims to (1) identify and categorize the strategies used in digital health interventions over the past 25 years; (2) explore the differences and changes in these strategies across time periods, countries, populations, delivery methods, and senders; and (3) serve as a valuable reference for future researchers and practitioners to improve the effectiveness of digital health interventions.

Gaussianmorph: deformable medical image registration with Gaussian noise constraints.

Deep learning-based image registration methods offer advantages of time efficiency and registration outcomes by automatically extracting enough image features. Currently, more and more scholars choose to use cascaded networks to achieve coarse-to-fine registration. Although cascaded networks take a lot of time in the training and inference stages, they can improve registration performance.