Relationship between systemic immune-inflammation index and long-term all-cause and cause-specific mortality among adult asthma patients: a population-based study.

Background: Persistent inflammation in the airways is a hallmark of asthma, and researchers have extensively explored various inflammatory indicators that contribute to the condition. Despite this, there is limited research on the relationship between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), a novel marker of inflammation, and overall mortality rates as well as mortality rates due to specific causes in individuals with asthma.

Methods: We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) covering a 20-year period, from 1999 to 2018.

Crispr-cas biosensing for rapid detection of viral infection.

With the frequent outbreaks of viral diseases globally, accurate and rapid diagnosis of viral infections is of significant importance for disease prevention and control. The CRISPR-Cas combined biosensing strategy, as an emergent nucleic acid detection technology, exhibits notable advantages including high specificity, elevated sensitivity, operational simplicity, and cost-effectiveness, thereby demonstrating significant potential in the domain of rapid viral diagnostics. This paper summarizes the principles of the CRISPR-Cas system, the novel biotechnologies, and the latest research progress in virus detection using the combined biosensing strategy.

Scalable Nickel Catalysts for Carbonylative Terpolymerization of Ethylene/α-Olefin with High Efficiency.

The carbonylative polymerization of olefin yields aliphatic polyketones, which are used as engineering plastics in the market due to their excellent mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and surface and barrier properties. However, the usage of precious palladium catalysts has restricted their extensive application as commodity materials. Herein, we present a series of phosphine-sulfonate Ni catalysts with a wide spectrum of electronic and steric substituents on the phosphorus moiety for the carbonylative polymerization of ethylene.

Effects of on alcohol-induced liver injury through storing Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and gut microbiota.

Background: L. Sch. Bip.

[The role of peritumoral electroacupuncture in regulating cuproptosis for sensitization of chemotherapy efficacy in mice with triple-negative breast cancer].

Objectives: To explore the enhanced sensitization effect of peritumoral electroacupuncture (PEA) on doxorubicin (DOX) chemotherapy in mice with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Methods: Eighteen female Balb/c mice were randomly divided into the model, DOX, and EA+DOX groups, with 6 mice in each group. TNBC cells were injected into the mammary fat pad of mice to establish the breast cancer-bearing mice model.

De novo whole-genome assembly and annotation of Coffea arabica var. Geisha, a high-quality coffee variety from the primary origin of coffee.

Geisha coffee is recognized for its unique aromas and flavors and accordingly, has achieved the highest prices in the specialty coffee markets. We report the development of a chromosome-level, well-annotated, genome assembly of Coffea arabica var. Geisha.

Safety and implementation of a phase 1 randomized GLA-SE-adjuvanted CH505TF gp120 HIV vaccine trial in newborns.

Background: The neonatal immune system is uniquely poised to generate broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) and thus infants are ideal for evaluating HIV vaccine candidates. We present the design and safety of a novel glucopyranosyl lipid A (GLA)-stable emulsion (SE) adjuvant admixed with a first-in-infant CH505 transmitter-founder (CH505TF) gp120 immunogen designed to induce precursors for bnAbs against HIV.

Methods: HVTN 135 is a phase I randomized, placebo-controlled trial of CH505TF+GLA-SE or placebo.

DNA-Encoded Noncanonical Substrate Library for Protease Profiling.

Profiling the substrate sequence preferences of proteases is important for understanding both biological functions as well as for designing protease inhibitors. Several methods are available for profiling the sequence specificity of proteases. However, there is currently no rapid and high-throughput method to profile specificity of proteases for noncanonical substrates.

Facile Preparation of High-Performance Free-Standing Micro-Supercapacitors by Optimizing Oxygen Groups on Graphene.

Free-standing micro-supercapacitor (MSC) devices without substrate or current collectors are promising for practical applications. However, it is still difficult to prepare high-performance free-standing MSC devices because of the requirement of optimized active sites, conductivity, ion diffusion, controlled patterns, moisture susceptibility, etc. Here, it is proposed that the optimization of oxygen level on graphene is promising to solve these requirements because of the balance of sp and sp hybridization.

Skin microbiome and causal relationships in three dermatological diseases: Evidence from Mendelian randomization and Bayesian weighting.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis (PSO), rosacea, and other related immune skin diseases are affected by multiple complex factors such as genetic and microbial components. This research investigates the causal relationships between specific skin microbiota and these diseases by using Mendelian randomization (MR), and Bayesian weighted Mendelian randomization (BWMR).

Methods: We utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to analyze the associations between various skin bacteria and three dermatological diseases.

Predictive role of red blood cell distribution width and hemoglobin-to-red blood cell distribution width ratio for mortality in patients with COPD: evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.

Background: Higher red blood cell distribution width (RDW) levels are associated with mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, more convincing evidence is still lacking, and the relationship between hemoglobin-to-red blood cell distribution width ratio (HRR) and mortality in patients with COPD remains unclear.

Methods: This study is a prospective cohort study that includes 3,745 adult patients with COPD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database spanning from 1999 to 2018 in the United States.

Discovery of Thioether-Cyclized Macrocyclic Covalent Inhibitors by mRNA Display.

Macrocyclic peptides are promising scaffolds for the covalent ligand discovery. However, platforms enabling the direct identification of covalent macrocyclic ligands in a high-throughput manner are limited. In this study, we present an mRNA display platform allowing selection of covalent macrocyclic inhibitors using 1,3-dibromoacetone-vinyl sulfone (DBA-VS).

GLDA exhibits advantages in the phytoextraction of Cd and Ni in land-applied municipal sludge.

Landscape utilization is a green and environment-friendly way of disposing of compost sludge. Garden plants can extract heavy metals from the sludge of land use, but the effect is not enough to be widely used. Chelating agents have been found to facilitate the extraction of heavy metals from plants and are expected to be popularized if they are also environmentally friendly.

Antibody immune responses and causal relationships in four immune skin diseases: Evidence from Mendelian randomization and Bayesian Weighting (Antibody Responses in Skin Diseases: MR & Bayesian).

Background: Recent studies increasingly suggest that microbial infections and the immune responses they elicit play significant roles in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory skin diseases. This study uses Mendelian randomization (MR) and Bayesian weighted Mendelian randomization (BWMR) to explore the causal relationships between immune antibody responses and four common skin diseases: psoriasis, atopic dermatitis (AD), rosacea, and vitiligo.

Methods: We utilized summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for antibody responses to 13 infectious pathogens and four skin diseases.

Treadmill exercise in combination with acousto-optic and olfactory stimulation improves cognitive function in APP/PS1 mice through the brain-derived neurotrophic factor- and Cygb-associated signaling pathways.

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202509000-00031/figure1/v/2024-11-05T132919Z/r/image-tiff A reduction in adult neurogenesis is associated with behavioral abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Consequently, enhancing adult neurogenesis represents a promising therapeutic approach for mitigating disease symptoms and progression.

CD105+CAF-derived exosomes CircAMPK1 promotes pancreatic cancer progression by activating autophagy.

Previous studies have shown that the heterogeneity of tumor-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment may play a critical role in tumorigenesis; however, the biological function of CAFs in pancreatic cancer is still controversial. In this study, we found that CD105-positive (CD105) CAF-derived exosomes significantly promoted the proliferative and invasive metastatic abilities of pancreatic cancer cells. Furthermore, RNA-seq and qRT‒PCR experiments revealed circAMPK1 as a key molecule in exosomes from CD105 CAFs that mediates the malignant progression of pancreatic cancer.

Nano-mechanical Immunoengineering: Nanoparticle Elasticity Reprograms Tumor-Associated Macrophages via Piezo1.

The mechanical properties of nanoparticles play a crucial role in regulating nanobiointeractions, influencing processes such as blood circulation, tumor accumulation/penetration, and internalization into cancer cells. Consequently, they have a significant impact on drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy. However, it remains unclear whether and how macrophages alter their biological function in response to nanoparticle elasticity.

Exploring biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting organ dysfunction in patients with perioperative sepsis: a preliminary investigation.

Objective: Early diagnosis and prediction of organ dysfunction are critical for intervening and improving the outcomes of septic patients. The study aimed to find novel diagnostic and predictive biomarkers of organ dysfunction for perioperative septic patients.

Method: This is a prospective, controlled, preliminary, and single-center study of emergency surgery patients.

Randomized Trial of the Effectiveness of Videoconferencing-Based Versus Message-Based Psychotherapy on Depression.

Objective: The authors compared the engagement, clinical outcomes, and adverse events of text or voice message-based psychotherapy (MBP) versus videoconferencing-based psychotherapy (VCP) among adults with depression.

Methods: The study used a sequential multiple-assignment randomized trial design with data drawn from phase 1 of a two-phase small business innovation research study. In total, 215 adults (ages ≥18 years) with depression received care from Talkspace, a digital mental health care company.

Establishment of microneurovascular units in alginate hydrogel microspheres to reveal the anti-hypoxic effect of salidroside.

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DNA encoded peptide library for SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease covalent inhibitor discovery and profiling.

Covalent protease inhibitors serve as valuable tools for modulating protease activity and are essential for investigating the functions of protease targets. These inhibitors typically consist of a recognition motif and a covalently reactive electrophile. Substrate peptides, featuring residues capable of fitting into the substrate pockets of proteases, undergo chemical modification at the carbonyl carbon of the P1 residue with an electrophile and have been widely applied in the development of covalent inhibitors.

Organelle Proximity Analysis for Enhanced Quantification of Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Interactions in Single Cells via Super-Resolution Microscopy.

Mitochondria (MT) and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) maintain lipid and calcium homeostasis through membrane contacts, particularly MT-ER contacts (MERCs), spanning distances from 10 to 50 nm. However, the variation of different distance ranges and the metabolic factors influencing this variation remain poorly understood. This study employed microfluidic chip-based super-resolution microscopy in conjunction with a Moore-Neighbor tracing-incorporated organelle proximity analysis algorithm.