Association between psychological depression and physical health in Chinese empty-nesters during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: With the aging of the population becoming increasingly serious, the phenomenon of empty-nesters is also becoming more and more serious. The psychological problems of the empty-nester elderly are becoming more and more prominent, which may affect their physical health. This study aimed to quantify the association between psychological depression and physical health in the background of the COVID-19 pandemic.

A Smart Strategy for Photoresponsive Molecules: Utilizing Generative Pre-trained Transformer and TDDFT Calculations in Drug Delivery.

Photoresponsive drug delivery stands as a pivotal frontier in smart drug administration, leveraging the non-invasive, stable, and finely tunable nature of light-triggered methodologies. The Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) has been employed for generating molecular structures. In our study, we harnessed GPT-2 on the QM7b dataset to refine a UV-GPT model with adapters, enabling the generation of molecules responsive to UV light excitation.

Disproportionality analysis of upadacitinib-related adverse events in inflammatory bowel disease using the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Background: Upadacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, has been increasingly used over the past few years to treat moderate to severe ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in patients who are insufficiently responsive or intolerant to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antibodies, demonstrating notable clinical efficacy. The long-term safety of upadacitinib in extensive populations remains unexplored. This study evaluates upadacitinib-related adverse events (AEs) utilizing data from the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Isocoumarins from sp. MDCW-573 with Antibacterial and Proangiogenic Activities.

Twelve new isocoumarins, spegazmarins A-L (-), including nine novel dimeric derivatives (-), three monomeric derivatives (-), as well as eight known ones (-), were isolated from the endophytic fungus sp. MDCW-573. Their structures were elucidated by analysis of NMR, X-ray crystallography, and ECD data.

Evolution of aroma compounds in round soy sauce aroma type baijiu during aging and the effect of aging markers on the lasting aroma in finished glass.

Soy sauce aroma type Baijiu (SSAB) is a complex blend of seven rounds of raw SSAB, each with distinct aroma profiles that evolve during maturation. Tracking the aging of individual rounds is crucial for understanding flavor development. The round 1-4 SSABs were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and an electronic tongue over one-year aging.

Efficacy analysis of intratympanic injection of dexamethasone at different concentrations for the treatment of unilateral idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Objective: Our study tried to evaluate and compare the therapeutic efficacy of intratympanic injection of dexamethasone (DEX) at different concentrations for the treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL).

Methods: A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted on 203 patients with unilateral ISSNHL. Patients were divided into four groups: the control group (n = 47, systemic treatment only), the high-concentration group (n = 51, intratympanic injection of DEX 20 mg/ml), the medium-concentration group (n = 55, 10 mg/ml), and the low-concentration group (n = 50, 5 mg/ml).

Global Protein Interactome Mapping in Rice Using Barcode-Indexed PCR Coupled with HiFi Long-Read Sequencing.

Establishing the protein-protein interaction network sheds light on functional genomics studies by providing insights from known counterparts. However, the rice interactome has barely been studied due to the lack of massive, reliable, and cost-effective methodologies. Here, the development of a barcode-indexed PCR coupled with HiFi long-read sequencing pipeline (BIP-seq) is reported for high throughput Protein Protein Interaction (PPI)identification.

Somatic Embryogenesis from the Leaf-Derived Calli of In Vitro Shoot-Regenerated Plantlets of 'Carola'.

Roses are one of the most important flowers applied to landscape, cut flowers, fragrance and food industries widely. As an effective method for plant reproduction, the regeneration via somatic embryos is the most promising method for breed improvement and genetic transformation of woody plants. However, lower somatic embryogenesis (SE) induction rates and genotypic constraints impede progress in genetic transformation in rose.

Developing a Bacillus licheniformis platform for de novo production of γ-aminobutyric acid and other glutamate-derived chemicals.

Microbial cell factories (MCFs) have emerged as a sustainable tool for the production of value-added biochemicals. However, developing high-performance MCFs remains a major challenge to fulfill the burgeoning demands of global markets. This study aimed to establish the B.

Associations Between Patient Characteristics and Progression to Multiple Myeloma Among Patients With Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: A Systematic Review.

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a pre-malignant condition of multiple myeloma (MM). Evidence suggested old age, black race, male gender, and obesity as risk factors for MGUS development; however, whether they are associated with an increased risk of progression to MM among patients with MGUS is unclear. A systematic search of PUBMED and EMBASE for cohort studies investigating the association between age/race/gender/obesity and progression to MM.

Inhibition of the Integrated Stress Response Prevents Natural Forgetting and Corrects Accelerated Forgetting Associated with Epilepsy.

The neural mechanisms underlying the natural and maladaptive forgetting of established memory remain largely unknown. Brain disease states might hijack the physiological forgetting mechanisms, resulting in maladaptive forgetting such as accelerated forgetting that contributes to cognitive decline in various neurologic conditions including epilepsy. Based on the key role of the integrated stress response (ISR) in memory storage and maintenance, we determined whether the ISR underpins natural and accelerated forgetting.

Frequency and severity of idiopathic epistaxis relative to time of day.

This study investigated the frequency of idiopathic epistaxis onset and its severity relative to the time of day. Idiopathic epistaxis was defined as epistaxis in the emergency department, with no epistaxis diagnosis in any hospital 12 months before incident epistaxis. The timing of epistaxis onset was divided into four categories: morning (6:01-12:00), afternoon (12:01-18:00), evening (18:01-24:00), and overnight (00:01-6:00).

Preparation of heteroatom-doped hyper-crosslinked polymers via waste utilization of sulfur-containing petroleum coke: A promising adsorbent for CO capture.

To overcome the worldwide environmental crisis related to the continuous emission of CO, the use of porous organic polymers, which are excellent absorbents and conversion materials, to reduce CO emission is of great significance. Among them, hyper-crosslinked polymers (HCPs) are porous materials with a high pore density that are synthesized using a simple one-pot method that is economical and can realized at a low temperature, hence they have good application prospects as adsorbents for CO. In this study, a batch of petroleum coke-based HCPs with different sulfur contents was prepared via the one-pot Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction using inexpensive and abundant petroleum coke as raw material.

A Nomogram for the Prediction of Invasiveness in Invasive Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma on the Basis of Multimodal PET/CT Parameters.

Objective: We investigated the value of PET/CT-based multimodal parameters in predicting the degree of differentiation and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in invasive lung adenocarcinoma (ILA) and assessed the correlation between PET/CT-based multimodal parameters and Ki67.

Methods: We retrospectively collected 113 patients with ILA who underwent PET/CT examination, and differences in PET/CT multimodal parameters between different differentiation groups were analyzed. Binary logistic regression was used to establish a multiparameter model for predicting EGFR mutation, and ROC curve was used to compare the diagnostic efficiency.

Discovering Photoswitchable Molecules for Drug Delivery with Large Language Models and Chemist Instruction Training.

As large language models continue to expand in size and diversity, their substantial potential and the relevance of their applications are increasingly being acknowledged. The rapid advancement of these models also holds profound implications for the long-term design of stimulus-responsive materials used in drug delivery. The large model used Hugging Face's Transformers package with BigBird, Gemma, and GPT NeoX architectures.

Long-Term Outcomes of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-PET Imaging of Recurrent Prostate Cancer.

Importance: Although prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) has shown improved sensitivity and specificity compared with conventional imaging for the detection of biochemical recurrent (BCR) prostate cancer, the long-term outcomes of a widespread shift in imaging are unknown.

Objective: To estimate long-term outcomes of integrating PSMA-PET into the staging pathway for recurrent prostate cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This decision analytic modeling study simulated outcomes for patients with BCR following initial definitive local therapy.

Efficacy of magnifying endoscopy combined with narrowband imaging in detection of early gastric cancer: a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of magnifying endoscopy combined with narrowband imaging (ME-NBI) in detecting early gastric cancer (EGC) and to provide a scientific basis for its clinical utility.

Methods: Literature published before May 2024 that utilized ME-NBI for diagnosing EGC was searched across PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and major Chinese databases. Included studies were cohort studies or randomized controlled trials, and their quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 framework.

Astrocytic LRRK2 Controls Synaptic Connectivity via Regulation of ERM Phosphorylation.

Astrocytes, a major glial cell type of the brain, regulate synapse numbers and function. However, whether astrocyte dysfunction can cause synaptic pathologies in neurological disorders such as Parkinson's Disease (PD) is unknown. Here, we investigated the impact of the most common PD-linked mutation in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 () gene (G2019S) on the synaptic functions of astrocytes.

Treatment Access among Younger Medicaid Beneficiaries with Multiple Myeloma.

Purpose: Continuous Medicaid coverage prior to a cancer diagnosis has been associated with earlier detection and better outcomes, for patients with solid tumors. In this study, we aimed to determine if this was observed among patients with multiple myeloma, a hematologic cancer where there are no routine screening tests and most are diagnosed through acute medical events.

Materials And Methods: This is an analysis of the Merative MarketScan Multistate Medicaid Database, a claims-based dataset.

A Human Feedback Strategy for Photoresponsive Molecules in Drug Delivery: Utilizing GPT-2 and Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Calculations.

Photoresponsive drug delivery stands as a pivotal frontier in smart drug administration, leveraging the non-invasive, stable, and finely tunable nature of light-triggered methodologies. The generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) has been employed to generate molecular structures. In our study, we harnessed GPT-2 on the QM7b dataset to refine a UV-GPT model with adapters, enabling the generation of molecules responsive to UV light excitation.

Biological Roles of Lipids in Rice.

Lipids are organic nonpolar molecules with essential biological and economic importance. While the genetic pathways and regulatory networks of lipid biosynthesis and metabolism have been extensively studied and thoroughly reviewed in oil crops such as soybeans, less attention has been paid to the biological roles of lipids in rice, a staple food for the global population and a model species for plant molecular biology research, leaving a considerable knowledge gap in the biological roles of lipids. In this review, we endeavor to furnish a current overview of the advancements in understanding the genetic foundations and physiological functions of lipids, including triacylglycerol, fatty acids, and very-long-chain fatty acids.

[Land Use Change Driving and Optimization of Carbon Budget in Hangzhou Metropolitan Area].

As climate change, such as global warming, has become a global environmental issue, clarifying the mechanism driving the carbon budget based on land use change has become an inevitable path to realize the "double carbon" goal. Based on the land use change characteristics in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Area from 1995 to 2020, this study employed the inventory accounting method, concentration index, and panel regression models to investigate the driving mechanisms of carbon budget dynamics influenced by land use changes. Moreover, the study utilized a "scenario-actor" policy analysis framework to propose low-carbon strategies through the integration of land use management within territorial spatial planning.

Gut microbiota modulates neurotransmitter and gut-brain signaling.

Neurotransmitters, including 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and glutamate, are essential transductors in the Gut-Brain Axis (GBA), playing critical roles both peripherally and centrally. Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota modulates intestinal neurotransmitter metabolism and gut-to-brain signaling, shedding light on the crucial role of the gut microbiota in brain function and the pathogenesis of various neuropsychiatric diseases, such as major depression disorder (MDD), anxiety, addiction and Parkinson's disease (PD). Despite the exciting findings, the mechanisms underlying the modulation of neurotransmitter metabolism and function by the gut microbiota are still being elucidated.

Asymptomatic Incidence of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance and Preclinical Duration to Myeloma Diagnosis: A Modeling Study.

Background: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is the premalignant condition of multiple myeloma. Given a lack of population-based screening for MGUS and its asymptomatic nature, the epidemiology of MGUS remains unknown. This study estimated age- and race/ethnicity-specific MGUS incidence and preclinical duration from MGUS to multiple myeloma in the United States.