Responsive probes for in vivo magnetic resonance imaging of nitric oxide.

Nitric oxide (NO), a pivotal signalling molecule, plays multifaceted roles in physiological and pathological processes, including cardiovascular and immune functions, neurotransmission and cancer progression. Nevertheless, measuring NO in vivo is challenging due to its transient nature and the complexity of the biological environment. Here we describe NO-responsive magnetic probes made of crosslinked superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles tethered to a NO-sensitive cleavable linker for highly sensitive and selective NO magnetic resonance imaging in vivo.

Ultrabright and ultrafast afterglow imaging in vivo via nanoparticles made of trianthracene derivatives.

Low sensitivity, photobleaching, high-power excitation and long acquisition times constrain the utility of afterglow luminescence. Here we report the design and imaging performance of nanoparticles made of electron-rich trianthracene derivatives that, on excitation by room light at ultralow power (58 μW cm), emit afterglow luminescence at ~500 times those of commonly used organic afterglow nanoparticles. The nanoparticles' ultrabright afterglow allowed for deep-tissue imaging (up to 6 cm), for ultrafast afterglow imaging (at short acquisition times down to 0.

Ultrathin Gd-Oxide Nanosheet as Ultrasensitive Companion Diagnostic Tool for MR Imaging and Therapy of Submillimeter Microhepatocellular Carcinoma.

Early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents a formidable challenge in clinical settings due to its asymptomatic progression and the limitations of current imaging techniques in detecting micro-HCC lesions. Addressing this critical issue, we introduce a novel ultrathin gadolinium-oxide (Gd-oxide) nanosheet-based platform with heightened sensitivity for high-field MRI and as a therapeutic agent for HCC. Synthesized via a digestive ripening process, these Gd-oxide nanosheets exhibit an exceptional acid-responsive profile.

Enhancing Fractionated Cancer Therapy: A Triple-Anthracene Photosensitizer Unleashes Long-Persistent Photodynamic and Luminous Efficacy.

Conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT) is often limited in treating solid tumors due to hypoxic conditions that impede the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are critical for therapeutic efficacy. To address this issue, a fractionated PDT protocol has been suggested, wherein light irradiation is administered in stages separated by dark intervals to permit oxygen recovery during these breaks. However, the current photosensitizers used in fractionated PDT are incapable of sustaining ROS production during the dark intervals, leading to suboptimal therapeutic outcomes (Table S1).

Prevalence, cognitive characteristics, and influencing factors of amnestic mild cognitive impairment among older adults residing in an urban community in Chengdu, China.

Objective: Dementia is a significant public health concern, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) serves as a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia. Among the various types of MCI, amnestic MCI (aMCI) has been identified as having a higher likelihood of progressing to Alzheimer's dimension. However, limited research has been conducted on the prevalence of aMCI in China.

Emerging biomedical imaging-based companion diagnostics for precision medicine.

The tumor heterogeneity, which leads to individual variations in tumor microenvironments, causes poor prognoses and limits therapeutic response. Emerging technology such as companion diagnostics (CDx) detects biomarkers and monitors therapeutic responses, allowing identification of patients who would benefit most from treatment. However, currently, most US Food and Drug Administration-approved CDx tests are designed to detect biomarkers and , making it difficult to dynamically report variations of targets .

Smartphone-based versus traditional face-to-face collaborative care for community-dwelling older adults living with dementia in China: protocol for an implementation science-based sequential multiple assignment randomised trial.

Introduction: The high costs of institutional care and the burdensome demands of home care are challenging for families of adults with dementia. The collaborative care model (CCM) provides a potential solution to these challenges. Leveraging advancements in mobile technologies, smartphone-based management could offer a feasible means of providing collaborative care in a community setting.

Organic Afterglow Nanoparticles in Bioapplications.

Organic afterglow nanoparticles are unique optical materials that emit light long after cessation of excitation. Due to their advantages of no need for real-time light excitation, avoiding autofluorescence, low imaging background, high signal-to-background ratio, deep tissue penetration, and high sensitivity, afterglow imaging technology has been widely used in cell tracking, biosensing, cancer diagnosis, and cancer therapy, which provides an effective technical method for the acquisition of molecular information with high sensitivity, specificity and real-time at the cellular and living level. In this review, we summarize and illustrate the recent progress of organic afterglow imaging, focusing on the mechanism of organic afterglow materials and their biological application.

Salidroside alleviates dexamethasone-induced inhibition of bone formation via transforming growth factor-beta/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.

Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is the third epidemic osteoporosis following postmenopausal and senileosteoporosis. According to one study, salidroside made ovariectomized rats' bones strong. Salidroside's potential for treating glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis remains unproven.

Precisely controlling the cellular internalization of DNA-decorated semiconductor polymer nanoparticles for drug delivery.

Nonspecific adhesivity of nanoparticles to cells is regarded as a significant issue of nanomedicine, which brings about many serious drawbacks in applications, including low detection sensitivity, non-targeted biotoxicity and poor diagnostic accuracy. Here, we propose for the first time, DNA-decorated semiconductor polymer nanoparticles (SPN-DNAs), whose adhesivity can be significantly alleviated by controlling the density and thickness of DNA layers. This property is demonstrated to be independent of external conditions such as temperature, concentration, incubation time, ionic strength and cell lines.

A novel afterglow nanoreporter for monitoring cancer therapy.

Immunogenic cell death (ICD)-associated immunogenicity evoked through reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an efficient way to fight against the immune-dysfunctional microenvironment, so as to provoke potent anti-tumor immunity. However, the unknown ROS dose during cancer therapies may induce adverse immune responses (e.g.

Novel Sigma-2 receptor ligand A011 overcomes MDR in adriamycin-resistant human breast cancer cells by modulating ABCB1 and ABCG2 transporter function.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is thought to be one of the main reasons for the failure of chemotherapy in cancers. ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) or P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) play indispensable roles in cancer cell MDR. Sigma-2 (σ) receptor is considered to be a cancer biomarker and a potential therapeutic target due to its high expression in various proliferative tumors.

A011, a novel small-molecule ligand of σ receptor, potently suppresses breast cancer progression via endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy.

Breast cancer has surpassed lung cancer to become the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Sigma-2 (σ) receptor is considered to be a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer because of its high expression in breast cancer cells and low expression in normal breast cells. Many σ ligands have been reported to have excellent anticancer activity, but their mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated.

[5-Year Readmission Status and Risk Factors for Senile Dementia Patients: A Study Based on Chengdu Municipal Medical Insurance Database].

Objective: To study the status quo of the readmission of senile dementia patients in Chengdu, and to analyze the primary diagnosis, the economic burden and the influencing factors of readmission.

Methods: Dementia inpatients aged 60 and above in Chengdu were the subjects of this study. The subjects were diagnosed with dementia between 2013 and 2017.

Generation of hydroxyl radical-activatable ratiometric near-infrared bimodal probes for early monitoring of tumor response to therapy.

Tumor response to radiotherapy or ferroptosis is closely related to hydroxyl radical (•OH) production. Noninvasive imaging of •OH fluctuation in tumors can allow early monitoring of response to therapy, but is challenging. Here, we report the optimization of a diene electrochromic material (1-Br-Et) as a •OH-responsive chromophore, and use it to develop a near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent and photoacoustic (FL/PA) bimodal probe for in vivo imaging of •OH.

Kaempferol Ameliorates the Inhibitory Activity of Dexamethasone in the Osteogenesis of MC3T3-E1 Cells by JNK and p38-MAPK Pathways.

Kaempferol has been reported to exhibit beneficial effect on the osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and osteoblasts. In our previous study, dexamethasone (DEX) demonstrated inhibitory effect on MC3T3-E1 cells differentiation. In this study, we mainly explored the protective effect of kaempferol on the inhibitory activity of DEX in the osteogenesis of MC3T3-E1 cells.

Cyclic Amplification of the Afterglow Luminescent Nanoreporter Enables the Prediction of Anti-cancer Efficiency.

We developed a cyclic amplification method for an organic afterglow nanoreporter for the real-time visualization of self-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). We promoted semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (PFODBT) as a candidate for emitting near-infrared afterglow luminescence. Introduction of a chemiluminescent substrate (CPPO) into PFODBT (PFODBT@CPPO) resulted in a significant enhancement of afterglow intensity through the dual cyclic amplification pathway involving singlet oxygen ( O ).