Psychiatric nurses' preferences for job: a discrete choice experiment.

Background: Psychiatric nurses are instrumental in enhancing accessibility to care and addressing the mental health care needs of individuals. However, the field faces a significant shortage of nurses coupled with a high turnover rate. Developing policies to attract or retain psychiatric nurses is imperative, but little is known about the preferences of psychiatric nurses regarding the economic and non-economic attributes of work.

Is sub-national healthcare social protection sufficient for protecting rare disease patients? the case of China.

Background: Failing to provide social support to cover healthcare costs for rare diseases would lead to great financial distress for the patients and their families. People from countries without a well-developed health safety-net are particularly vulnerable. Existing literature on rare diseases in China focuses on the unmet needs for care of the patients and the difficulties of caregivers and physicians.

LonP1 Links Mitochondria-ER Interaction to Regulate Heart Function.

Interorganelle contacts and communications are increasingly recognized to play a vital role in cellular function and homeostasis. In particular, the mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane contact site (MAM) is known to regulate ion and lipid transfer, as well as signaling and organelle dynamics. However, the regulatory mechanisms of MAM formation and their function are still elusive.

Smoking is associated with elevated blood level of volatile organic compounds: a population-based analysis of NHANES 2017-2018.

Background: The study aims to explore the association between cigarette smoking with blood exposure to volatile organic compounds using population data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018.

Methods: Based on the data of NHANES 2017-2018, we identified 1117 participants aged 18 to 65 years, who had complete VOCs testing data and filled out the Smoking-Cigarette Use and Volatile Toxicant questionnaires. The participants consisted of 214 dual-smoking persons, 41 E-cigarette smokers, 293 combustible-cigarette smokers and 569 non-smokers.

Patients' attitudes towards switching to national volume-based procurement (NVBP) Drugs-a qualitative investigation in Wuhan, China.

Background: The implementation of the NVBP policy has generated considerable reductions in drug procurement prices and an increase in the market share of the NVBP drugs.This study aimed to investigate patients' attitudes towards switching to drugs of national volume-based procurement (NVBP) and identify their underlying influencing factors in Wuhan, China.

Methods: A total of 21 eligible patients from the Wuhan Union Hospital who were switched to NVBP drugs between January 2022 and May 2022 were included in our study.

Availability and Affordability of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies After the New Medical Reform in Hubei Province, China.

Objective: In 2017, China launched a new round of medical reform (NMR) to address the inaccessibility of high-priced drugs for patients with serious diseases. This study explored the impact of the NMR on the accessibility and affordability of high-priced monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), and the effective promotion policies after the NMR.

Methods: We used a standard method developed by the World Health Organization to conduct two surveys on the availability of mAbs and their prices before and after the NMR in the public hospitals in Hubei province, China.

Social activity as mediator between social support and psychological quality of life among people with rare diseases: A national repetitive cross-sectional study.

Background: Considerable proportion of people with rare diseases (RDs) have suffered from severe mental health problems. However, specific attention on the psychological quality of life (QoL) of people with RDs is sparse. Evidence documented the benefits of social support and social activity on recipients' mental health and overall QoL, but no corresponding study answered how both social support and social activity work on the psychological QoL among people with RDs.

Ciclopirox targets cellular bioenergetics and activates ER stress to induce apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells.

Background: Lung cancer remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality throughout the world at present. Repositioning of existing drugs for other diseases is a promising strategy for cancer therapies, which may rapidly advance potentially promising agents into clinical trials and cut down the cost of drug development. Ciclopirox (CPX), an iron chelator commonly used to treat fungal infections, which has recently been shown to have antitumor activity against a variety of cancers including both solid tumors and hematological malignancies in vitro and in vivo.

Perceptions of Generic Drugs in the Pharmacists of Public Hospitals: A Cross-sectional Survey in Hubei Province of China.

Objective: Generic drugs provide an opportunity for savings in drug expenditure since they are available at a lower cost and do not affect patients' health. A better understanding of pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, and perception can promote the quality use of generic drugs. The objective of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and perception of pharmacists from tertiary hospitals in China regarding generic drugs.

Why is misdiagnosis more likely among some people with rare diseases than others? Insights from a population-based cross-sectional study in China.

Background: For patients with rare diseases (RD), misdiagnosis (or erroneous diagnosis) is one of the key issues that hinder RD patients' accessibility to timely treatment. Yet, little is known about the main factors that are associated with RD patients' misdiagnosis. The objective of this study is to analyze data from a national survey among 2040 RD patients from China to explore the association between misdiagnosis and various factors, including patients' demographics, socio-economic status, medical history, and their accessibility to RD information.

How Do Patients and Doctors Perceive Medical Services for Rare Diseases Differently in China? Insights from Two National Surveys.

: Increasing attention is being paid to improve the quality of life of patients with rare diseases in China. However, we are currently unaware of the problems encountered in the medical services of rare diseases from the viewpoints of doctors and patients. This study addressed the differences in the perceived barriers of diagnosis and treatments for rare diseases between doctors and patients in China.

Warming and Nitrogen Addition Change the Soil and Soil Microbial Biomass C:N:P Stoichiometry of a Meadow Steppe.

Soil and soil microbial biomass (SMB) carbon: nitrogen: phosphorus (C:N:P) stoichiometry are important parameters to determine soil balance of nutrients and circulation of materials, but how soil and SMB C:N:P stoichiometry is affected by climate change remains unclear. Field experiments with warming and N addition had been implemented since April 2007. Infrared radiators were used to manipulate temperature, and aqueous ammonium nitrate (10 g m yr) was added to simulate nitrogen deposition.

The availability, price and affordability of essential antibacterials in Hubei province, China.

Background: China ranks first amongst the countries for the abuse of antibacterials. Essential antibacterials could help solve the problem. The aim of the work is to evaluate the availability, price and affordability of essential antibacterials in Hubei province, China.

The availability, price and affordability of antidiabetic drugs in Hubei province, China.

Based on the high prevalence and undiagnosed rate of diabetes mellitus in China in recent years, the aim of this work was to evaluate the availability, price and affordability of pharmacotherapy for diabetes in public hospitals in Hubei province, China. In 2016, a cross-sectional survey was conducted using World Health Organization/Health Action International (WHO/HAI) methodology. Information on the availability and prices of 20 antidiabetic drugs was collected from 34 public hospitals representing three levels of care.

Impact of universal medical insurance system on the accessibility of medical service supply and affordability of patients in China.

Background: China's universal medical insurance system (UMIS) is designed to promote social fairness through improving access to medical services and reducing out-of-pocket (OOP) costs for all Chinese. However, it is still not known whether UMIS has a significant impact on the accessibility of medical service supply and the affordability, as well as the seeking-care choice, of patients in China.

Methods: Segmented time-series regression analysis, as a powerful statistical method of interrupted time series design, was used to estimate the changes in the quantity and quality of medical service supply before and after the implementation of UMIS.

The availability and affordability of orphan drugs for rare diseases in China.

Background: Orphan drugs are intended to treat, prevent or diagnose rare diseases. In recent years, China healthcare policy makers and patients have become increasingly concerned about orphan drug issues. However, very few studies have assessed the availability and affordability of orphan drugs for rare diseases in China.

Warming and nitrogen addition increase litter decomposition in a temperate meadow ecosystem.

Background: Litter decomposition greatly influences soil structure, nutrient content and carbon sequestration, but how litter decomposition is affected by climate change is still not well understood.

Methodology/principal Findings: A field experiment with increased temperature and nitrogen (N) addition was established in April 2007 to examine the effects of experimental warming, N addition and their interaction on litter decomposition in a temperate meadow steppe in northeastern China. Warming, N addition and warming plus N addition reduced the residual mass of L.

Current progress in the management of rare diseases and orphan drugs in China.

Currently, the issues of how to treat rare diseases and to improve accessibility to orphan drugs are arousing more and more concerns in China. Here we describe the push and pull incentive policies for rare diseases and orphan drugs and analyze the coverage and reimbursement level of rare diseases in the current Chinese medical insurance system. Three key obstacle factors that hinder Chinese patients' accessibility to timely drug treatment are summarized.