A pilot study on some critical immune elements in HBV infection: evidence of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin as an immunological biomarker.

Aim: This study is an attempt to screen the key immune elements that participate during HBV infection and the related pathways that are modulated.

Background: The pathogenesis of Hepatitis B virus and the corresponding clinical manifestations in the host are primarily immune-mediated.

Methods: This study utilizes a PCR array to screen immune-related genes that are differentially expressed in the presence of the virus in HBV replicating HepG2.

Correction to: Diet and inflammatory bowel disease: The Asian Working Group guidelines.

The recommendations 31 which recommend "VSL#3®", refer only to the product used in the cited literature and equivalent products independent from the present product labelings. This product is now known by the generic name "De Simone Formulation".

Indian consensus on gastroesophageal reflux disease in adults: A position statement of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology.

The Indian Society of Gastroenterology developed this evidence-based practice guideline for management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in adults. A modified Delphi process was used to develop this consensus containing 58 statements, which were generated by electronic voting iteration as well as face-to-face meeting and review of the supporting literature primarily from India. These statements include 10 on epidemiology, 8 on clinical presentation, 10 on investigations, 23 on treatment (including medical, endoscopic, and surgical modalities), and 7 on complications of GERD.

Diet and inflammatory bowel disease: The Asian Working Group guidelines.

Introduction: These Asian Working Group guidelines on diet in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) present a multidisciplinary focus on clinical nutrition in IBD in Asian countries.

Methodology: The guidelines are based on evidence from existing published literature; however, if objective data were lacking or inconclusive, expert opinion was considered. The conclusions and 38 recommendations have been subject to full peer review and a Delphi process in which uniformly positive responses (agree or strongly agree) were required.

Anti-viral role of toll like receptor 4 in hepatitis B virus infection: An study.

Aim: Toll like receptors plays a significant anti-viral role in different infections. The aim of this study was to look into the role of toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Methods: Real time PCR was used to analyze the transcription of TLR4 signaling molecules, cell cycle regulators and HBV DNA viral load after triggering the HepG2.

Tumor suppressor micro RNA miR-145 and onco micro RNAs miR-21 and miR-222 expressions are differentially modulated by hepatitis B virus X protein in malignant hepatocytes.

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) X protein (HBx) is known to be involved in the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through modulation of host gene response. Alterations in miRNA expressions are frequently noted in HCC. This study is aimed to examine the role of HBx protein in the modulation of oncogenic miRNA-21, miRNA-222 and tumor suppressor miRNA-145 in malignant hepatocytes.

Chronic pancreatitis. A prospective nationwide study of 1,086 subjects from India.

Context: Chronic pancreatitis is common in India. However, its risk factors are not clear. There is sparse data on the current prevalence of tropical pancreatitis in India.