An analysis of emergency surgery on coronavirus disease positive patients and their outcomes during the coronavirus pandemic: A retrospective observational study.

Background: The primary objective of this study was to determine the outcome of emergency surgery in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with regard to presently existing physical status, and highlight its subspecialty distribution.

Methods: This retrospective observational study was done on all patients who underwent emergency surgery between March 2020 and Dec 2021 and were positive for COVID-19. Data collection included the age of the patients, gender, diagnosis, the type of surgery performed, and outcome.

A novel approach to airway management in Pierre Robin syndrome-a case report.

Pierre Robin syndrome (PRS) neonates are one of the most difficult cases to intubate even for an experienced paediatric anaesthesiologist. We describe a case of a PRS-related anatomical anomaly that hindered attempts to manage the airway and the final approach that made it possible to insert an endotracheal tube (ETT). We describe the novel use of a video ureteroscope (Olympus URF-V2) as an airway endoscope.

Novel use of flexible video ureteroscope in airway management: A case series.

Fibreoptic bronchoscopes are vital for difficult airway management. However, many a times, it is not available. Also, the correct size may not be available, especially for use in paediatrics and neonates.

Efficacy of evidence-based institutional protocol for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting: A prospective observational study.

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is the second most common complaint in the postoperative period, often resulting in increased post anaesthesia care unit (PACU) and hospital stay. Translation of knowledge into consistent practice was considered a major gap. Hence, the present study was undertaken to test the efficacy of locally developed evidence-based institutional protocol for prevention of PONV.

Anaesthetic management of intraoperative tracheo-bronchial injury.

Intraoperative tracheobronchial injury (TBI) may manifest clinically as pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, subcutaneous emphysema, cyanosis, and respiratory insufficiency and has serious implications if it remains undetected or is managed improperly. The outcome of such injuries is affected by the extent of the lesion, pulmonary status & the surgical reconstruction undertaken. The recommended airway management of an intraoperative tracheal tear is to bypass the injured side by intubating the healthy bronchus with a single lumen endotracheal tube (ETT) and the use of a bronchial blocker or double lumen endotracheal tube (DLT) and becomes a very challenging situation.

Analysis of platelet-activating factors in severe sepsis by flow cytometry and its correlation with clinical sepsis scoring system: A pilot study.

Background: Sepsis is a major global healthcare concern. Platelets and leucocytes play a key role in sepsis. Whole blood flow cytometry (FCM) is a powerful new technique for the assessment of leucocyte and platelet parameters and their functional state.

Early Postoperative Malignant Subcutaneous Emphysema: Report and Review.

Background: Subcutaneous emphysema is defined as presence of air or gas in subcutaneous tissue layer. It may be localized or generalized due to various aetiological factors. Although SE and pneumomediastinum are self-limiting conditions, life-threatening complications may develop.

The handheld blood lactate analyser versus the blood gas based analyser for measurement of serum lactate and its prognostic significance in severe sepsis.

Background: This study was done to compare the accuracy of the Lactate Pro LT 1710 (Arkray Inc., Kyoto, Japan) with the Combiline Plus (Eschweiler GmbH & Co. KG Holzkoppelweg, Kiel, Germany), and also, to analyze the prognostic significance of serum lactates and Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (SAPS 3) in patients of severe sepsis.

Acute renal failure in the ICU setting: A prospective observational study.

Background: Acute renal failure (ARF) is a common entity in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting. There is scanty data regarding acute kidney injury (AKI) in ICUs from our country and no data from the service setting.

Methods: All patients admitted to the ICU of a tertiary care teaching hospital for six months were included in the study.

An evaluation of brachial plexus block using a nerve stimulator versus ultrasound guidance: A randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: This study was carried out to evaluate the difference in efficacy, safety, and complications of performing brachial plexus nerve blocks by using a nerve locator when compared to ultrasound (US) guidance.

Material And Methods: A total of 102 patients undergoing upper limb surgery under supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks were randomly divided into two groups, one with US and the other with nerve stimulator (NS). In Group US, "Titan" Portable US Machine, Sonosite, Inc.

Control of hospital acquired infections in the ICU: A service perspective.

Background: The service setting has some unique strengths and weaknesses that must be kept in mind when organizing Hospital acquired infections (HAI) prevention interventions.

Methods: Following an initial study to gather data regarding HAI in the Surgical intensive care unit (ICU) we put into place various infection control interventions. The present study was carried out to analyse the effect of these interventions on the incidence of HAI in the ICU.

A prospective review of the labor analgesia programme in a teaching hospital.

Background: The structured labor analgesia programme in our tertiary care hospital has been in place for the past few years. We undertook this study to analyze the programme and to draw conclusions to further improve the outcomes.

Methods: A prospective analysis of the data pertaining to 200 patients participating in an ongoing labor analgesia programme in a tertiary care hospital from Nov 2008 to Aug 2009 was performed.

Incidence of healthcare associated infection in the surgical ICU of a tertiary care hospital.

Background: Healthcare associated infections (HAI) have taken on a new dimension with outbreaks of increasingly resistant organisms becoming common. Protocol-based infection control practices in the intensive care unit (ICU) are extremely important. Moreover, baseline information of the incidence of HAI helps in planning-specific interventions at infection control.

Dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia: "Saturation gap"-The key to diagnosis.

Two cases of Acquired Methemoglobinemia are presented. The significance of a high index of suspicion for diagnosisis emphasized, especially in the presence of a "saturation gap". The various causes of acquired methemoglobinemia are enumerated and the management reviewed.

Case series: Dexmedetomidine and ketamine for anesthesia in patients with uncorrected congenital cyanotic heart disease presenting for non-cardiac surgery.

The number of patients with uncorrected congenital cyanotic heart disease is less but at times some may present for non-cardiac surgery with a high anesthetic risk. Some of these may even be adults with compromised cardiopulmonary physiology posing greater challenges to the anesthesiologist. The authors have used a combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine for anesthesia for non cardiac surgery in five patients with cyanotic heart disease and right to left shunt (3-Eisenmenger's syndrome, 2-Tetralogy of Fallot).

Management of a case of ankylosing spondylitis for total hip replacement surgery with the use of ultrasound-assisted central neuraxial blockade.

Management of a case of ankylosing spondylitis can be very challenging when the airway and the central neuraxial blockade, both are difficult. Ultrasound-assisted central neuraxial blockade may lead to predictable success in the field of regional anaesthesia. We present a young patient with severe ankylosing spondylitis where conventional techniques failed and ultrasound helped in successful combined spinal-epidural technique for total hip replacement surgery.

Ketodex, a combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in children: a preliminary report.

A combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine for upper gastrointestinal endoscopies (UGIE) was studied in 46 children aged 2-12 years over a 6-month period. Dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg and ketamine 2 mg/kg were given as a bolus over 5 min. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), oxygen saturation (SpO2), and sedation scores were noted before induction as baseline and then every 5 min until recovery.