Mucinous Borderline Tumors of the Pelvicalyceal System: Report of Two Tumors With Molecular Findings and Review of Literature.

Mucinous borderline tumors of the pelvicalyceal system are exceedingly rare tumors with very little information regarding their clinicopathological characteristics and molecular underpinnings in the published literature. Herein, we report two mucinous borderline tumors and review the literature pertaining to these tumors. The patients were women who presented with flank pain without any history of nephrolithiasis.

Sebaceous carcinoma arising within an ovarian mature cystic teratoma: A case report with discussion of clinical management and genetic evaluation.

Sebaceous carcinomas are rare tumors, with the majority of described cases occurring within the eyelid. To date, there are nine documented reports of sebaceous carcinoma arising within a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary. Although the majority of cases originate from idiopathic mutations, there exists a strong association between this rare tumor and hereditary syndromes of DNA mismatch repair deficiency, such as Lynch syndrome and the lesser-known Muir-Torre syndrome.

Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MiTF): Promiscuous staining patterns in fibrohistiocytic lesions is a potential pitfall.

Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MiTF) is used as a marker of melanocytic differentiation. However, MiTF immunoexpression has also been observed in histiocytes, macrophages, smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, which raise the concern of fibrohistiocytic (FH) lesions being misdiagnosed as melanoma based on MiTF immunoreactivity. MiTF has been known to be positive in FH tumors, but this is the first study evaluating ninety-three fibrohistiocytic neoplasms to understand and delineate the staining pattern of MiTF in these tumors.

Application of Immunohistochemistry in Undifferentiated Neoplasms: A Practical Approach.

Context: - Advances in interventional technology have enhanced the ability to safely sample deep-seated suspicious lesions by fine-needle aspiration procedures. These procedures often yield scant amounts of diagnostic material, yet there is an increasing demand for the performance of more ancillary tests, especially immunohistochemistry and, not infrequently, molecular assays, to increase diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. A systematic approach to conserving diagnostic material is the key, and our previously proposed algorithm can be applied aptly in this context.

Wide-field computational imaging of pathology slides using lens-free on-chip microscopy.

Optical examination of microscale features in pathology slides is one of the gold standards to diagnose disease. However, the use of conventional light microscopes is partially limited owing to their relatively high cost, bulkiness of lens-based optics, small field of view (FOV), and requirements for lateral scanning and three-dimensional (3D) focus adjustment. We illustrate the performance of a computational lens-free, holographic on-chip microscope that uses the transport-of-intensity equation, multi-height iterative phase retrieval, and rotational field transformations to perform wide-FOV imaging of pathology samples with comparable image quality to a traditional transmission lens-based microscope.

FIGO 2013 staging system for ovarian cancer: what is new in comparison to the 1988 staging system?

Purpose Of Review: Recent progress in the understanding of the molecular events in ovarian cancer has prompted the need for a revised International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system that may provide more accurate prognostic information and more specific guidance on personalized management of ovarian cancer than the older staging system that was last revised in 1988. In particular, it is now realized that cancer of ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum share similar molecular characteristics and should be considered collectively. With that, a new FIGO staging guideline for cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum was approved by the FIGO executive board in October 2012 and published in the International Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics [2014; 124:1-5].

Increased Likelihood of Bacterial Pathogens in the Coronal Sulcus and Urethra of Uncircumcised Men in a Diverse Group of HIV Infected and Uninfected Patients in India.

Background: The biological mechanism of circumcision as potentiating HIV prevention is poorly understood. Foreskin microbiota has been postulated as having a potential role; however, little is known about the relationship between bacterial pathogens and circumcision in adults.

Materials And Methods: We sampled the coronal sulcus of a diverse group of circumcised and uncircumcised men (n=315) from a government chest hospital and fertility clinic in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.