Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and serum procalcitonin level as a predictor of spontaneous ureteral stone passage: A prospective study.

Background: Ureteric stone is responsible for around 20% of urinary tract stones and among them 70% of these are located in distal portion of the ureter. Stone causing ureter obstruction produce inflammatory changes in ureteric wall and prevent spontaneous passage of stone. The objective of the study is to compare the predictive role of procalcitonin and Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for spontaneous passage of stone.

The correlation between obesity and prostate volume in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A prospective cohort study.

Objective/background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is increasing substantial burden on health care systems. Men with high body mass index (BMI) have bigger prostate volumes (PV) with subsequent increase in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) than men with normal BMI. The purpose of this research was to investigate the correlation between Obesity and PV in patients with BPH.

Comparison of serum uric acid levels between localised prostate cancer patients and a control group.

Aim: The aim of this study is to find out whether serum uric acid levels in patients with localised prostate cancer differ from patients with lower urinary tract symptoms without carcinoma prostate.

Material And Methods: We performed a prospective observational study of 60 patients having age ⩾ 50 years with c/o lower urinary tract symptoms( LUTS) evaluated by digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and ultrasonography kidney, ureter, bladder (USG KUB) prostate and patients who were suspicious for carcinoma prostate underwent trans rectal ultrasonography (TRUS) biopsy of prostate. Patients with biopsy s/o prostate cancer were evaluated for metastasis and localised cancer patients were considered as CASE group.

Effects of administration of local aminophylline on patients undergoing ureteroscopic lithotripsy.

Introduction: The presence of ureteral stones can cause pain, infections of urinary tract and hydronephrosis, resulting in the loss of renal function. For two decades, Ureteroscopy and laser stone fragmentation (URSL) attained a big rise and is the first line management for large ureteric stones and renal stones up to 2 cm. The present study was conducted to assess the success rate of ureteroscopic lithotripsy in treatment of ureteric calculus after local administration of aminophylline.

Prevalence of LUTS in young female population attending tertiary care centre.

Objective: To obtain the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in young female population in tertiary care centre.

Method: We conducted a descriptive and analytic study with ques tionnaire based data collection. All subjects were interviewed using conventional method and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ) Female LUTS form in the urology outpatient department, SMS medical college and hospital, Jaipur (India).

Prognostic significance of preoperative pyuria & neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A prospective cohort study.

Background: The most prevalent cancer of the urinary system and the fourth most frequent cancer in men is bladder cancer. Up to 45% of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancers (NMIBC), may develop into muscle-invasive disease within 5 years after initial diagnosis, depending on the risk profile. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which is an emerging marker of host inflammation and can be easily calculated from routine complete blood counts (CBCs) with differentials, has shown to be an independent prognostic factor for a variety of solid malignancies, including urinary tract cancer.

Role of cystoscopy as primary initial investigation in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.

Introduction: Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic painful bladder condition characterized by pelvic pain and urinary symptoms without another identifiable cause. Cystoscopy as primary initial investigation for IC/BPS has not been accepted yet and needs more studies to definitely conclude.

Aims And Objectives: We aimed to assess cystoscopy findings in patients of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome and to prove role of cystoscopy as primary initial investigation for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.

The effect of no oral antibiotic versus 7 days oral antibiotic during discharge in double J stented patients on stent related urinary tract infection: A randomized study.

Objective: To evaluate effects of 7 days oral antibiotic prophylaxis versus no antibiotics in the patients with DJ stents after 3 days iv antibiotic on discharge with respect to urinary tract infection and stent related symptoms.

Material And Methods: A prospective randomized study in 90 patients being stented post PCNL/URSL. Group A: no oral antibiotics was given at the time of discharge, Group B: 7 days of oral antibiotic was given at the time of discharge.

Immediate effect of alpha-blockers in predicting LUTS improvement in BPH patients.

Introduction: Indications for treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia include reversing signs and symptoms or preventing the progression of the disease. Alpha-blockers are the most effective, least costly, and best tolerated of the drugs for relieving LUTS. The aim of the study is to investigate the immediate impact of alpha-blocker medications on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Comparison of perineal urethrostomy versus augmentation urethroplasty in anterior urethral stricture disease.

Purpose: Perineal urethrostomy and urethroplasty are very good options for complex and long anterior urethral strictures. A perineal urethroplasty is usually a neglected option. To our knowledge, a comparative study between augmentation urethroplasty and perineal urethrostomy has been not conducted regarding subjective and patient reported outcome measures.

Diagnostic and therapeutic cystoscopy in bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis: systematic review of literature and consensus on methodology.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Cystoscopy has been routinely performed in patients suspected to be suffering from bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) across the globe. The methodology reported by various guidelines appears to have differences in the techniques and hence there is a need for a review of all those techniques in order to arrive at a consensus. The aim was to review the literature describing the prevalent techniques of cystoscopy for patients of BPS/IC and try to evolve a consensus.

Validation of Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System score for the diagnosis of muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A prospective cross-sectional study.

Objective: Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System (VIRADS) score was developed to standardize the reporting and staging of bladder tumors on pre-operative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. It helps in avoiding unnecessary repeat transurethral resection of bladder tumor in high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients. This study was done to determine the validity of VIRADS score prospectively for the diagnosis of muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Efficacy of tranexamic acid in decreasing primary hemorrhage in transurethral resection of the prostate: A novel combination of intravenous and topical approach.

Background: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the gold standard for benign prostatic enlargement; however, hemorrhage still remains one of the major complications.

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing intraoperative blood loss and need for blood transfusion. Secondary parameters compared were operating time, volume of irrigation fluid used, and reduction in hemoglobin concentration.

Novel predictive risk factor for Erectile Dysfunction: Serum folic acid.

The purpose of this study was to compare the serum Folic Acid (FA) levels in patients with Erectile Dysfunction (ED) and healthy controls and whether levels vary with its severity. The study was carried out on 77 sexually active individuals, out of which 41 complained of ED and 36 were apparently normal. Patients were excluded if they had any diseases known to cause ED.

Renal sinus angiomyolipoma: A rare case.

Angiomyolipoma (AML) consists of <10% of all renal tumors and is the most common benign mesenchymal neoplasm of the kidney. It arises from the renal cortex and extends toward perirenal fat. Fat-poor AML as well as those arising from rare locations may pose diagnostic difficulties.

The effect of closure versus nonclosure of lingual mucosa graft harvest site on postoperative morbidity in augmentation urethroplasty: A comparative study.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to compare postoperative morbidity of closure versus nonclosure of the lingual mucosa graft (LMG) harvest site in augmentation urethroplasty.

Materials And Methods: From January 2015 to November 2016, a total of 42 patients who underwent LMG urethroplasty randomized in 2 groups. In Group 1, donor-harvesting site was left open while in Group 2, donor site was closed.

Assessment of factors affecting the spontaneous passage of lower ureteric calculus on the basis of lower ureteric calculus diameter, density, and plasma C- reactive protein level.

Introduction: The study aimed to evaluate the factors which affect the spontaneous passage of lower ureteric calculus on the basis of noncontrast computed tomography kidneys, ureters, and bladder (NCCT KUB) stone diameter, stone density, and plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) level.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a prospective study of 200 patients with lower ureteric calculus 5-10 mm in size, from October 2015 to December 2016. All patients underwent NCCT KUB region with a 5 mm axial and reformatted coronal section.

STONE score versus Guy's Stone Score - prospective comparative evaluation for success rate and complications in percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Purpose: The aim of the current study was to compare Guy's score and STONE score in predicting the success and complication rate of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Materials And Methods: A total of 445 patients were included in the study between July 2015 and December 2016. The patients were given STONE score and Guy's Stone Score (GSS) grades based on CT scan done preoperatively and intra- and post-operative complications were graded using the modified Clavien grading system.

Video Endoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy vs Open Inguinal Lymphadenectomy for Carcinoma Penis: Expanding Role and Comparison of Outcomes.

Objective: To compare differences of morbidity profile, oncological yield, and efficacy between video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy and open inguinal lymphadenectomy cases.

Materials And Methods: A total of 29 patients with proven squamous cell carcinoma of the penis were selected for inguinal lymphadenectomy from August 2013 to January 2017. Video endoscopic lymphadenectomy was performed on 1 limb and open inguinal lymphadenectomy was performed on the contralateral side.

Adrenal myelolipoma with osseous metaplasia and hypercortisolism.

Adrenal myelolipomas are rare adrenal tumors generally diagnosed incidentally. A 42-year-old female reported to us with complaints of left flank pain attributable to her left ureteric calculi. On evaluation, a large adrenal mass was diagnosed along with hypercortisolism.

'Real-time sonoelastography' in anterior urethral strictures: A novel technique for assessment of .

Introduction: Spongiofibrosis assessment is critically important in the evaluation of anterior urethral strictures as its severity is directly proportional to stricture recurrence and thus affects management. Retrograde urethrography (RGU) is ineffective in the evaluation of spongiofibrosis. Sonourethrography (SUG) delineates it but does not accurately estimate its depth.