Sublingual Fast-Dissolving Thin Films of Loratadine: Characterization, In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation.

Loratadine (LOR) is a second-generation antihistamine that exhibits a low and variable oral bioavailability (10-40%) and delayed onset owing to poor solubility and an extensive first-pass effect. Therefore, in light of the clinical need, the main goal of the present study was to develop sublingual fast-dissolving thin films of LOR-citric acid co-amorphous systems (LOR-CAs) with the aim of eliciting a faster onset and improving the bioavailability. We formulated sublingual fast-dissolving thin films of LOR by a film-casting technique using hydrophilic polymers like hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC E15), polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30), and hydroxypropyl cellulose EL (HPC-EF) and citric acid as a pH modulator, while glycerin served as a plasticizer.

Formulation and Evaluation of pH-Modulated Amorphous Solid Dispersion-Based Orodispersible Tablets of Cefdinir.

Cefdinir (CEF) is a semi-synthetic third-generation broad-spectrum oral cephalosporin that exhibits poor solubility at lower pH values. Considering this, pH-modulated CEF solid dispersions (ASDs) were produced by solvent evaporation method employing various hydrophilic carriers and alkalizers. Among different carriers, ASDs produced using PEG 6000 with meglumine as alkalizer were found to significantly increase ( < 0.

Development and Evaluation of Solid Dispersion-Based Sublingual Films of Nisoldipine.

Nisoldipine (NIS) is a calcium channel blocker that exhibits poor bioavailability (~5%) due to low aqueous solubility and presystemic metabolism in the gut wall. In this context, the present work aimed to develop NIS solid dispersion (NISSD)-based sublingual films using solvent casting technique to improve the dissolution. Phase solubility studies indicated that Soluplus was the most effective carrier for improving the aqueous solubility of NIS.

Influence of iontophoresis on delivery of NSAID-loaded deformable liposomal dispersions: and evaluation.

Negatively charged deformable liposomes (DL) of ketoprofen were formulated to enhance transdermal delivery of ketoprofen (KP) under the influence of iontophoresis for intraarticular delivery. Conventional and deformable KP liposomes were prepared using thin film hydration, characterized and intraarticular delivery of KP was evaluated using Sprague-Dawley rats. Vesicles displayed entrapment efficiency (>71%); zeta potential <-25 mV; size between 152.

Enhancement of Anticorrosive Performance of Cardanol Based Polyurethane Coatings by Incorporating Magnetic Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles.

The present investigation demonstrates renewable cardanol-based polyol for the formulation of nanocomposite polyurethane (PU) coatings. The functional and structural features of cardanol polyol and nanoparticles were studied using FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopic techniques. The magnetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (MHAPs) were dispersed 1-5% in PU formulations to develop nanocomposite anticorrosive coatings.

Standardization of topical preparations for finger-tip unit-Awareness and attitudes among pharmacists and dermatologists and suggestions to improve standardization of topical drug dosing-A two-phase cross-sectional survey.

Background: Standardization of topical therapy dosage is important to ensure optimum use and dosage of topical medications. One of the concepts frequently used in the standardization of topical treatment is the Finger-tip unit (FTU). While practitioners, both dermatologists and pharmacists, are generally aware of FTU, practical use is less.

Thermosensitive liposomal gels loaded with antimicrobial agent for oral care in critically ill patients.

A novel thermosensitive gel loaded with meropenem (MP) liposomes was designed to improve retention in the oral cavity as a prophylactic measure to prevent ventilator-acquired pneumonia in critically ill patients. Meropenem liposomes were incorporated into poloxamer 407 gels and gamma irradiated. Mean size of liposome was 247 nm, polydispersity index < 0.

Effect of gamma sterilization on the properties of microneedle array transdermal patch system.

Soluble microneedles (MNs) of four different hydrophilic polymers namely sodium carboxymethyl cellulose CMC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K30, PVP K90 and sodium hyaluronate (HU) were fabricated by mold casting technique. When exposed to gamma radiation, a dose of 25 kilogray (kGy) was found to render the microneedle (MN) sterile. However, CMC was found to form MNs with poor mechanical properties, whereas PVP K30 MNs were drastically deformed upon exposure to applied dose as observed in bright field microscopy.

Topical Pilocarpine Formulation for Diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis.

Cystic fibrosis is diagnosed in infants by estimating the levels of chloride ions present in the sweat induced by iontophoresis of pilocarpine solution. Elevated levels of chloride (≥60 mMol/L) in sweat are indicative of cystic fibrosis. However, the iontophoretic method of delivering pilocarpine is cumbersome and usually is associated with several side effects such as skin burn, skin rashes, erythema, and so forth.

Rapidly Dissolving Microneedle Patches for Transdermal Iron Replenishment Therapy.

The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is predominant in women and children especially in developing countries. The disorder affects cognitive functions and physical activity. Although oral iron supplementation and parenteral therapy remains the preferred choice of treatment, gastric side effects and risk of iron overload decreases adherence to therapy.

Transdermal Delivery of Iron Using Soluble Microneedles: Dermal Kinetics and Safety.

Currently, the iron compounds are administered via oral and parenteral routes in patients of all ages, to treat iron deficiency. Despite continued efforts to supplement iron via these conventional routes, iron deficiency still remains the most prevalent nutritional disorder all over the world. Transdermal replenishment of iron is a novel, potential approach of iron replenishment.

Controlled-release injectable containing terbinafine/PLGA microspheres for onychomycosis treatment.

Controlled-release drug delivery systems based on biodegradable polymers have been extensively evaluated for use in localized drug delivery. In the present study, intralesionally injectable poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres for controlled release of terbinafine hydrochloride (TH) was developed for treating fungal toe/finger nail infections. TH-PLGA microspheres were formulated using O/W emulsification and modified solvent extraction/evaporation technique.

Minimally invasive transdermal delivery of iron-dextran.

Iron deficiency is one of the most prevalent and serious health issues among people all over the world. Iron-dextran (ID) colloidal solution is one among the very few US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved iron sources for parenteral administration of iron. Parenteral route does not allow frequent administration because of its invasiveness and other associated complications.

Design and statistical optimization of glipizide loaded lipospheres using response surface methodology.

A 32 factorial design was employed to produce glipizide lipospheres by the emulsification phase separation technique using paraffin wax and stearic acid as retardants. The effect of critical formulation variables, namely levels of paraffin wax (X1) and proportion of stearic acid in the wax (X2) on geometric mean diameter (dg), percent encapsulation efficiency (% EE), release at the end of 12 h (rel12) and time taken for 50% of drug release (t50), were evaluated using the F-test. Mathematical models containing only the significant terms were generated for each response parameter using the multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA).