Regulation of Catalyst Immediate Environment Enables Acidic Electrochemical Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation to Benzaldehyde.

Electrocatalytic alcohol oxidation in acid offers a promising alternative to the kinetically sluggish water oxidation reaction toward low-energy H generation. However, electrocatalysts driving active and selective acidic alcohol electrochemical transformation are still scarce. In this work, we demonstrate efficient alcohol-to-aldehyde conversion achieved by reticular chemistry-based modification of the catalyst's immediate environment.

Local CO reservoir layer promotes rapid and selective electrochemical CO reduction.

Electrochemical CO reduction reaction in aqueous electrolytes is a promising route to produce added-value chemicals and decrease carbon emissions. However, even in Gas-Diffusion Electrode devices, low aqueous CO solubility limits catalysis rate and selectivity. Here, we demonstrate that when assembled over a heterogeneous electrocatalyst, a film of nitrile-modified Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) acts as a remarkable CO-solvation layer that increases its local concentration by ~27-fold compared to bulk electrolyte, reaching 0.

Comparison of two survey instruments measuring quality of life in pediatric dentofacial patients.

Objectives: (1) To assess the effectiveness of the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ) and the Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) to detect differences in Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) between pediatric patients with dentofacial deformities and controls. (2) To assess for correlations between scores from the OQLQ and COHIP domains with the type and severity of the skeletal mal-relationship. (3) To assess if the COHIP and OQLQ were identifying unique or overlapping OHRQoL concerns.

Effects of orthognathic surgery on quality of life compared with nonsurgical controls in an American population.

Introduction: To determine the psychosocial effects of a facial skeletal mal-relationship with its subsequent surgical correction in a group of patients treated using surgical orthodontics compared with a matched group of nontreated controls.

Methods: This study was approved by The Ohio State University Institutional Review Board. Subjects were patients presenting with facial skeletal mal-relationships whose proposed treatment plans included orthognathic surgery.

Evaluation of objective structured clinical examination for advanced orthodontic education 12 years after introduction.

Introduction: Advanced education programs in orthodontics must ensure student competency in clinical skills. An objective structure clinical examination has been used in 1 program for over a decade. The results were analyzed cross-sectionally and longitudinally to provide insights regarding the achievement of competency, student growth, question difficulty, question discrimination, and question predictive ability.

Hybrid Perovskite Quantum Nanostructures Synthesized by Electrospray Antisolvent-Solvent Extraction and Intercalation.

Perovskites based on organometal lead halides have attracted great deal of scientific attention recently in the context of solar cells and optoelectronic devices due to their unique and tunable electronic and optical properties. Herein, we show that the use of electrospray technique in conjunction with the antisolvent-solvent extraction leads to novel low-dimensional quantum structures (especially 2-D nanosheets) of CH3NH3PbI3- and CH3NH3PbBr3-based layered perovskites with unusual luminescence properties. We also show that the optical bandgaps and emission characteristics of these colloidal nanomaterials can be tuned over a broad range of visible spectral region by compositional tailoring of mixed-halide (I- and Br-based) perovskites.

Multifunctional Sn- and Fe-Codoped In2O3 Colloidal Nanocrystals: Plasmonics and Magnetism.

We prepared Fe- and Sn-codoped colloidal In2O3 nanocrystals (∼6 nm). Sn doping provides free electrons in the conduction band, originating localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and electrical conductivity. The LSPR band can be tuned between 2000 and >3000 nm, depending on the extent and kind of dopant ions.

Electronic grade and flexible semiconductor film employing oriented attachment of colloidal ligand-free PbS and PbSe nanocrystals at room temperature.

Electronic grade semiconductor films have been obtained via the sintering of solution processed PbS and PbSe nanocrystals at room temperature. Prior attempts to achieve similar films required the sintering of nanocrystals at higher temperatures (>350 °C), which inhibits the processing of such films on a flexible polymer substrate, and it is also expensive. We reduced the sintering temperature by employing two important strategies: (i) use of ligand-free nanocrystals and (ii) oriented attachment of nanocrystals.

Organic-free colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals as luminescent sensors for metal ions and nitroaromatic explosives.

Exposed surfaces of organic-free colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals act as generic luminescent sensors for multiple analytes. S(2-) capped CdSe/CdSeS/CdS core/gradient-shell/shell nanocrystals are turn-on sensors for Cd(2+) ions (110 pM) in an aqueous medium with physiological pH 7.4.

Identification of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria in drinking water samples of different rural health centers and their clinical impacts on humans.

International drinking water quality monitoring programs have been established in order to prevent or to reduce the risk of contracting water-related infections. A survey was performed on groundwater-derived drinking water from 13 different hospitals in the Mahabubnagar District. A total of 55 bacterial strains were isolated which belonged to both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Dental and skeletal outcomes for Class II surgical-orthodontic treatment: A comparison between novice and experienced clinicians.

Introduction: The information that details dental changes accompanying presurgical and postsurgical orthodontic treatment during orthognathic surgery treatment is disappointing and results in less than ideal surgical change, but it is largely derived from university clinic samples with patients treated by residents (clinical novices). In this study, we examined similar treatments performed by experienced practitioners and compared them with the novices' results.

Methods: A sample of 72 Class II subjects treated by practitioners with a mean of 26.

Prospective patients rate practice factors: development of a questionnaire.

Introduction: The importance that prospective patients place on practice characteristics when choosing an orthodontic practice has not been extensively reported. The objective of this research was to develop a valid and reliable questionnaire to address the relative importance of orthodontic office and doctor characteristics for prospective patients or parents of child patients during the initial orthodontic office consultation.

Methods: An initial questionnaire, based on published literature, was field-tested on 16 subjects to assess its validity.

Root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review.

Introduction: This systematic review evaluated root resorption as an outcome for patients who had orthodontic tooth movement. The results could provide the best available evidence for clinical decisions to minimize the risks and severity of root resorption.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched, nonelectronic journals were hand searched, and experts in the field were consulted with no language restrictions.

Dental and skeletal changes associated with Class II surgical-orthodontic treatment.

Introduction: Few published reports detail the dental changes produced by orthodontic treatment in conjunction with orthognathic surgery.

Methods: Thirty-four Class II subjects who underwent surgical-orthodontic treatment with mandibular advancement and rigid fixation were selected, and their lateral cephalograms were digitized. Mean skeletal and dental values were calculated for pretreatment, presurgical, and final treatment times.

Comparison of incisor inclination in patients with Class III malocclusion treated with orthognathic surgery or orthodontic camouflage.

Introduction: Reports comparing Class III patients treated by camouflage and those treated by orthognathic surgery are not numerous. The purpose of this study was to compare the dental and skeletal values of Class III patients treated with these methods against normative data and over the course of treatment.

Methods: Thirty-three surgical and 39 camouflage Class III patients were selected from a graduate orthodontic clinic and regional private practices, and lateral cephalograms were digitized.

Isolation and antimicrobial evaluation of isomeric hydroxy ketones in leaf cuticular waxes of Annona squamosa.

A novel natural compound, 11-hydroxy-16-hentriacontanone, has been isolated from the leaf cuticular wax of Annona squamosa along with its known isomer 10-hydroxy-16-hentriacontanone in a ratio of 67:33. This isomeric mixture of hydroxy ketones constituted together 16.5% of the total cuticular waxes.

A comparison of providers' and consumers' perceptions of facial-profile attractiveness.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the perception of facial attractiveness in profile digital photographs that were incrementally altered to produce different combinations of mandibular anteroposterior positions and lower anterior facial heights. The specific aims were to determine whether there is concordance between providers and consumers in their perceptions of facial attractiveness, and to evaluate whether interactions of the anteroposterior and vertical dimensions and the magnitude of these interactions influence perception of facial attractiveness.

Methods: Profile digital photographs and cephalograms of 3 men and 3 women were used.

Efficacy of training dental students in the index of orthodontic treatment need.

Orthodontic studies over several decades have found generally inconsistent opinions among dentists when evaluating orthodontic treatment need. There has also been recent concern that dental school education does not sufficiently prepare dentists to diagnose malocclusion and make appropriate referrals of potential orthodontic patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of using the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) as a tool to improve dental students' ability to assess orthodontic treatment need.

Maxillary removal and reinsertion in pediatric patients.

Objective: To examine outcomes after the maxillary removal and reinsertion (MRR) approach for the treatment of anterior cranial base tumors in pediatric patients.

Design: Eligible patients were identified by medical record review. Consenting patients were studied via rhinoscopy, fiberoptic endoscopy, standard facial photographs, and cephalometric radiographs.