The silent menace: Worm bezoar causing acute intestinal obstruction.

Intestinal obstruction represents a critical surgical emergency with a myriad of potential causes, ranging from mechanical blockages to functional impairments. In contrast to developed nations, where the usual causes of obstruction are adhesions, strictures, and metabolic derangements, infective etiologies, like tuberculosis and parasitic infestations, are more common in developing countries. We present a case report of a 22-year-old man presenting with acute intestinal obstruction due to a massive ascariasis infestation.

Cardiac-specific deletion of GCN5L1 promotes fatty liver disease in HFpEF.

The prevalence of cardiometabolic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) continues to grow, representing over half of heart failure cases in the United States. As no specific medication for HFpEF exists, treatment guidelines focus on the management of comorbidities related to metabolic syndrome (e.g.

Regulation of lung progenitor plasticity and repair by fatty acid oxidation.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an age-related interstitial lung disease, characterized by inadequate alveolar regeneration and ectopic bronchiolization. While some molecular pathways regulating lung progenitor cells have been described, the role of metabolic pathways in alveolar regeneration is poorly understood. We report that expression of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) genes is significantly diminished in alveolar epithelial cells of IPF lungs by single-cell RNA sequencing and tissue staining.

Emphysematous liver abscess: Variable clinical presentations, management challenges and outcomes-a case series.

Emphysematous liver abscesses (ELAs), characterized by the presence of gas within the hepatic parenchyma, are an uncommon and potentially lifethreatening entity. ELAs with clinical presentations mimicking hollow viscus perforation pose a diagnostic conundrum for clinicians. This series highlights the diagnostic challenges posed by such atypical presentations and emphasizes the importance of considering hepatic pathology in the differential diagnosis of pneumoperitoneum.

The association of dietary approaches to stop hypertension measured by the food frequency questionnaire with metabolic syndrome and some inflammatory biomarkers in adolescents with obesity: a case-control study.

Background: Globally, obesity trends are a serious public health concern. Adolescent obesity is associated with cardiometabolic risk and metabolic disorders in adolescence and may persist into adulthood. The current study was designed to explore the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) in adolescents and its relationship with obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and some inflammatory biomarkers.

Twofold Expression of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 (ROR2) in Giant Cell Tumors of Bone: Outcome of a Case‒Control Study.

Suppression or overexpression of transmembrane proteins of the Wnt family and receptor tyrosine kinases (ROR1 and ROR2) is implicated in the causation of cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the expression of ROR2 in patients with giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) by quantitative PCR (qPCR). In this case‒control study, samples of tumor tissue (patients) and bone from the tumor-free margin (controls) were subjected to qPCR in patients who underwent definitive treatment.

Myoglobin inhibits breast cancer cell fatty acid oxidation and migration via heme-dependent oxidant production and not fatty acid binding.

The monomeric heme protein myoglobin (Mb) is aberrantly expressed in approximately 40 % of breast tumors. Mb expression is associated with better patient prognosis, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect are unclear. In muscle, Mb's heme moiety confers oxygen storage and delivery.

Alterations in visible light exposure modulate platelet function and regulate thrombus formation.

Background: Variations in light exposure are associated with changes in inflammation and coagulation. The impact of light spectra on venous thrombosis (VT) and arterial thrombosis is largely unexplored.

Objectives: To investigate the impact of altering light spectrum on platelet function in thrombosis.

Integral-Valued Pythagorean Fuzzy-Set-Based Dyna Q+ Framework for Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing.

Task scheduling is a critical challenge in cloud computing systems, greatly impacting their performance. Task scheduling is a nondeterministic polynomial time hard (NP-Hard) problem that complicates the search for nearly optimal solutions. Five major uncertainty parameters, i.

Aberrant mitochondrial DNA synthesis in macrophages exacerbates inflammation and atherosclerosis.

There is a large body of evidence that cellular metabolism governs inflammation, and that inflammation contributes to the progression of atherosclerosis. However, whether mitochondrial DNA synthesis affects macrophage function and atherosclerosis pathology is not fully understood. Here we show, by transcriptomic analyzes of plaque macrophages, spatial single cell transcriptomics of atherosclerotic plaques, and functional experiments, that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) synthesis in atherosclerotic plaque macrophages are triggered by vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) under inflammatory conditions in both humans and mice.

Extralobar Pulmonary Sequestration: A Rare Entity.

Lung sequestration is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by non-functional lung tissue that lacks normal bronchial communication and receives blood supply from an aberrant systemic artery. Extralobar sequestration (ELS) is less common and usually found in the lower thoracic or upper abdominal regions. It is often diagnosed in infancy or early childhood due to associated congenital anomalies or respiratory symptoms.

A qualitative study investigating the experiences of unmet social needs for children with cerebral palsy and their families: perspectives of parents and clinicians.

Purpose: To explore (i) the impact of unmet social needs on children with cerebral palsy and their families; (ii) enablers-, and (iii) barriers to addressing unmet social needs.

Material And Methods: Eligible participants attended or worked at one of the three Paediatric Rehabilitation Departments including: children with a diagnosis of cerebral palsy; parents/carers; and clinicians. One-on-one interviews were conducted with parents/carers and focus groups with clinicians.

Jejunal Angiodysplasia as an Unusual Cause of Hemorrhage After Hepaticojejunostomy.

Ectopic variceal bleeding is a rare cause of postoperative hemorrhage following hepaticojejunostomy and should be differentiated from other causes such as pseudoaneurysms or ulcers. Uncommon complications post-hepaticojejunostomy demand scrupulous attention, and this case report reveals a seldom-documented scenario of jejunal angiodysplasia as an elusive cause of postoperative bleeding. Through a comprehensive examination of the patient's clinical trajectory, diagnostic challenges, and subsequent management, this report contributes to the expanding knowledge base on atypical vascular complications in surgical settings.

Platelet Bioenergetics and Associations With Delirium and Coma in Patients With Sepsis: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Acute brain dysfunction during sepsis, which manifests as delirium or coma, is common and is associated with multiple adverse outcomes, including longer periods of mechanical ventilation, prolonged hospital stays, and increased mortality. Delirium and coma during sepsis may be manifestations of alteration in systemic metabolism. Because access to brain mitochondria is a limiting factor, measurement of peripheral platelet bioenergetics offers a potential opportunity to understand metabolic changes associated with acute brain dysfunction during sepsis.

Biochemical characterization of ClpB and DnaK from Anaplasma phagocytophilum.

Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an intracellular tick-transmitted bacterial pathogen that infects neutrophils in mammals and causes granulocytic anaplasmosis. In this study, we investigated the molecular chaperones ClpB and DnaK from A. phagocytophilum.

Endobronchial Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumour Masquerading as a Ruptured Hydatid Cyst.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours (IMTs) represent a rare group of neoplastic lesions characterized by a diverse clinical presentation. Endobronchial involvement is infrequently reported, and its manifestation mimicking the symptoms of a ruptured hydatid cyst adds an additional layer of complexity to the diagnostic challenge. This case report delves into an exceptional clinical scenario where an endobronchial IMT masqueraded as a ruptured hydatid cyst, initially confounding the diagnostic team.

Metformin for sepsis-associated AKI: a protocol for the Randomized Clinical Trial of the Safety and FeasibiLity of Metformin as a Treatment for sepsis-associated AKI (LiMiT AKI).

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of sepsis associated with increased risk of death. Preclinical data and observational human studies suggest that activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, an ubiquitous master regulator of energy that can limit mitochondrial injury, with metformin may protect against sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI) and mortality. The Randomized Clinical Trial of the Safety and FeasibiLity of Metformin as a Treatment for sepsis-associated AKI (LiMiT AKI) aims to evaluate the safety and feasibility of enteral metformin in patients with sepsis at risk of developing SA-AKI.

A Rare Entanglement: Self-Knotting of a Nasogastric Tube.

While nasogastric intubation is a commonplace procedure characterized by its utility in enteral feeding and gastrointestinal decompression, instances of unexpected complications are relatively infrequent. Herein, we describe an unusual and rare complication, knot formation, that surfaced during routine patient care. This unique case prompts a re-evaluation of the potential complications associated with nasogastric tube insertion and offers insights into the challenges faced in its management.

High-mobility group box 1 increases platelet surface P2Y12 and platelet activation in sickle cell disease.

Thrombosis and inflammation are intimately linked and synergistically contribute to the pathogenesis of numerous thromboinflammatory diseases, including sickle cell disease (SCD). While platelets are central to thrombogenesis and inflammation, the molecular mechanisms of crosstalk between the 2 remain elusive. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) regulates inflammation and stimulates platelet activation through Toll-like receptor 4.