Distribution of glutathione peroxidase-1 immunoreactive cells in pancreatic islets from type 1 diabetic donors and non-diabetic donors with and without islet cell autoantibodies is variable and independent of disease.

During type 1 diabetes (T1D), oxidative stress in beta cells may cause early beta cell dysfunction and initiate autoimmunity. Mouse islets express lower levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) clearing enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase than several other tissues. It remains unclear if human beta cells show a similar deficiency during T1D or exhibit a higher degree of intrinsic resistance to oxidative stress.

A Review on the Use of Modern Computational Methods in Alzheimer's Disease-Detection and Prediction.

Discoveries in the field of medical sciences are blooming rapidly at the cost of voluminous efforts. Presently, multidisciplinary research activities have been especially contributing to catering cutting-edge solutions to critical problems in the domain of medical sciences. The modern age computing resources have proved to be a boon in this context.

Bartter Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series.

: Bartter syndrome (BS) is a rare group of autosomal-recessive disorders that usually presents with hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, occasionally with hyponatremia and hypochloremia. The clinical presentation of BS is heterogeneous, with a wide variety of genetic variants. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the available literature and provide an overview of the case reports and case series on BS.

Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver and metabolic-associated fatty liver with COVID-19 outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) are on the rise like any other liver disease, and tend to affect 25% of the United States population. The impact of NAFLD and MAFLD on patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unclear.

Aim: To identify the association of NAFLD and MAFLD with mortality, hospitalization, hospital length of stay, and supplemental oxygen utilization in COVID-19 patients.

Characterizing regional and global effects of epicardial adipose tissue on cardiac systolic and diastolic function.

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine whether regional epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) exerts localized effects on adjacent myocardial left ventricular (LV) function.

Methods: Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), echocardiography, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and exercise testing were performed in 71 patients with obesity with elevated cardiac biomarkers and visceral fat. Total and regional (anterior, inferior, lateral, right ventricular) EAT was quantified by MRI.

Efficacy of Cefoperazone Sulbactam in Patients with Infections: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Introduction: (AB) is a multidrug-resistant pathogen commonly associated with nosocomial infections. The resistance profile and ability to produce biofilm make it a complicated organism to treat effectively. Cefoperazone sulbactam (CS) is commonly used to treat AB, but the associated data are scarce.

Identification of a robust functional subpathway signature for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by comprehensive and integrated analyses.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy and its mortality continues to rise globally. Because of its high heterogeneity and complex molecular landscapes, published gene signatures have demonstrated low specificity and robustness. Functional signatures containing a group of genes involved in similar biological functions may display a more robust performance.

Castleman disease presenting with jaundice: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder that presents with various symptoms. CD accompanied with jaundice is uncommon since there are only 11 cases reported in the literature.

Case Summary: Here we report a 62-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital with signs and symptoms of intermittent jaundice.

Transabdominal Versus Subcuticular Sutures to Secure a Laparoscopic Gastrostomy.

Purpose: Traditional methods for securing a laparoscopic gastrostomy (LG) involve the placement of two monofilament transabdominal (TA) sutures to be removed after a short interval of 5 days. A modified technique employing an absorbable suture tunneled subcutaneously has been adopted by many surgeons. The aim of this study was to compare wound complications between these techniques.

What kills everyone, gives a high for some-Recreational Snake Envenomation.

There are multiple reports of recreational snake envenomation describing psychotropic effects in absence of any adverse effects. This is in contradiction with known effects of snake venom. We report a case of a young male who subjected himself to repeated envenomation by a snake purported to be 'Indian Cobra' and experienced a 'high'.

An immunohistochemical study of nitrotyrosine expression in pancreatic islets of cases with increasing duration of type 1 diabetes and without diabetes.

Peroxynitrite-induced nitration of cellular proteins has been shown to associate with various human pathologies. The expression of pancreatic nitrotyrosine and its cellular source relative to insulitis were analysed in cases with increasing duration of type 1 diabetes and compared with non-diabetic autoantibody-negative and -positive cases. Pancreatic tail sections from non-diabetic autoantibody-negative cases (Group 1; n = 7), non-diabetic autoantibody-positive cases (Group 2; n = 6), recently diagnosed cases (Group 3; n = 6), 0.

Oropharyngeal aspiration of bleomycin: An alternative experimental model of pulmonary fibrosis developed in Swiss mice.

Objective: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive and predominantly lethal form of several interstitial lung diseases with limited current therapeutics; it is, therefore, essential to develop a simple, homogeneous, and noninvasive disease model to investigate possible anti-fibrotic approaches. The present study is designed to develop oropharyngeal aspiration (OPA) model of bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF as a simple and alternative to intratracheal (IT) administration of BLM in Swiss mice strain.

Materials And Methods: Mice were divided into two groups, BLM-treated and normal control.

Overview on Therapeutic Applications of Microparticulate Drug Delivery Systems.

Research in novel drug delivery systems is being explored competitively in order to attain maximum therapeutic effect while minimizing the adverse effects. Despite several advancements in pharmaceutical formulations, one of the major challenges still persisting is sustained drug release. Microencapsulation enacts as an intelligent approach with a strong therapeutic impact and is in demand globally in medical technology due to its specific and attractive properties, including biocompatibility, stability, target specificity, uniform encapsulation, better compliance, and controlled and sustained release patterns that are responsible for diminishing the toxicity and dosage frequency.

The financial impact of flipping the coin.

Background: Esophageal foreign body retrieval is typically performed by rigid or flexible esophagoscopy. Despite evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of balloon extraction, it is rarely performed. We sought to establish the financial benefits of this minimally invasive approach.

Analysis of peri-islet CD45-positive leucocytic infiltrates in long-standing type 1 diabetic patients.

Aims/hypothesis: The role of peri-islet CD45-positive leucocytes, as one component of insulitis, in beta cell death during human type 1 diabetes remains unclear. We undertook a case study, comparing and quantifying leucocytes in the peri- and intra-islet areas in insulin-positive and -negative islets, to assess whether peri-islet leucocytes are pathogenic to beta cells during type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Pancreatic sections from 12 diabetic patients (0.

Distribution of insulin mRNA transcripts within the human body.

Here we sought evidence for the existence of insulin mRNA-producing cells outside the human pancreas. Commercially available complementary DNA (cDNA) arrays prepared from 72 different types of adult human tissues were screened by PCR for transcripts encoding insulin, and other classic pancreatic hormones. Insulin mRNA transcripts were detected by standard PCR in the pancreas, stomach, pylorus region of the stomach, and the duodenum; and additionally by nested PCR in the jejunum, ileum and cecum, but not in other body tissues including the brain and colon.

Carbon nanotube based high resolution holograms.

Carbon nanotubes are used as the smallest possible scattering element for diffracting light in a highly controlled manner to produce a 2D image. An array of carbon nanotubes is elegantly patterned to produce a high resolution hologram. In response to incident light on the hologram, a high contrast and wide field of view CAMBRIDGE image is produced.

Inverted 'V' osteotomy excision arthroplasty for bony ankylosed elbows.

Background: Bony ankylosis of elbow is challenging and difficult problem to treat. The options are excision arthroplasty and total elbow replacement. We report our midterm results on nine patients, who underwent inverted 'V' osteotomy excision arthroplasty in our hospital with good functional results.