Socio-cognitive determinants of safe road-crossing behaviors: an application of the prototype willingness model.

Background: Pedestrians are one of the most vulnerable groups of road users that potentially are at risk for road traffic injuries and deaths. The present paper reports an application of the Prototype Willingness Model (PWM) to the prediction of road-crossing behaviors among students from Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS) in the west of Iran.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among a sample of 315 medical students who were randomly selected from seven faculties of KUMS in 2017 according to their size, and who filled out a self-administered questionnaire containing a scenario depicting a potentially hazardous road-crossing behavior, followed by items measuring the PWM constructs.

Measuring Beliefs Related to Colorectal Cancer Screening Behavior among Iranian Middle-Aged and Elderly: a Psychometric Study.

The annual fecal occult blood test is a very important method for colorectal cancer early detection through screening. Our aim was to assess psychometrics of instrument measuring beliefs related to fecal occult blood test uptake among Iranian middle-aged and elderly, based on the theory of planned behavior. This cross-sectional study was performed on 150 middle-aged and elderly who were randomly selected to participate voluntarily in Kermanshah, in the west of Iran.