Metals in nanomotion: probing the role of extracellular vesicles in intercellular metal transfer.

Metals in living organisms and environments are essential for key biological functions such as enzymatic activity, and DNA and RNA synthesis. This means that disruption of metal ion homeostasis and exchange between cells can lead to diseases. EVs are believed to play an essential role in transporting metals between cells, but the mechanism of metal packaging and exchange remains to be elucidated.

Bioprocessing strategies for enhanced probiotic extracellular vesicle production: culture condition modulation.

Probiotic extracellular vesicles are biochemically active structures responsible for biological effects elicited by probiotic bacteria. ., which are abundant in the human body (e.

Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Gallium-Defensin Surface Coatings for Implantable Devices.

Emerging and re-emerging infections are a global threat driven by the development of antimicrobial resistance due to overuse of antimicrobial agents and poor infection control practices. Implantable devices are particularly susceptible to such infections due to the formation of microbial biofilms. Furthermore, the introduction of implants into the body often results in inflammation and foreign body reactions.

New Multiscale Characterization Methodology for Effective Determination of Isolation-Structure-Function Relationship of Extracellular Vesicles.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been lauded as next-generation medicines, but very few EV-based therapeutics have progressed to clinical use. Limited clinical translation is largely due to technical barriers that hamper our ability to mass produce EVs, i.e.

Self-Assembly of Solubilized Human Hair Keratins.

Human hair keratins have proven to be a viable biomaterial for diverse regenerative applications. However, the most significant characteristic of this material, the ability to self-assemble into nanoscale intermediate filaments, has not been exploited. Herein, we successfully demonstrated the induction of hair-extracted keratin self-assembly in vitro to form dense, homogeneous, and continuous nanofibrous networks.

Corrigendum: Impact of the Food Additive Titanium Dioxide (E171) on Gut Microbiota-Host Interaction.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.

Impact of the Food Additive Titanium Dioxide (E171) on Gut Microbiota-Host Interaction.

The interaction between gut microbiota and host plays a central role in health. Dysbiosis, detrimental changes in gut microbiota and inflammation have been reported in non-communicable diseases. While diet has a profound impact on gut microbiota composition and function, the role of food additives such as titanium dioxide (TiO), prevalent in processed food, is less established.

Improved bioactivity of GUMMETAL, TiNbTaZrO, via formation of nanostructured surfaces.

The leading reason for implant revision surgery globally is lack of implant integration with surrounding bone. A new titanium alloy GUMMETAL (TiNbTaZrO) is currently used in biomedical devices and has a Young's modulus that is better matched to bone. The surface was subject to NaOH, CaCl, heat and water treatment (BioGum) after which the surfaces were evaluated using atomic force microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer and elemental analysis using energy dispersive X-ray.