Early asymptomatic prediction of potato soft rot disease using phytohormone-induced volatile biomarkers.

Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) are one of the world's major staple crops. In stored potatoes, Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp carotovorum causes soft rot.

Edible Pods Reveal Potential as an Anti-Diabetic Agent: UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-Based Chemical Profiling, In Silico, In Vitro, In Vivo, and Oxidative Stress Studies.

According to the World Health Organization, over 422 million people worldwide have diabetes, with the majority residing in low- and middle-income countries. Diabetes causes 1.5 million fatalities a year.

A nondestructive asymptomatic early disease prediction method employing ROS-induced differential volatile emissions from dry rot-infected potatoes.

Potatoes are a staple crop with many health benefits. Postharvest storage of potatoes takes a considerable amount of time. Potato dry rot is one of the most serious postharvest storage diseases, caused primarily by the fungus Fusarium sambucinum.

Protective efficacy of melatonin and insulin against LPS caused toxicity in diabetic mice.

Deregulated glucose homeostasis leads to a life-threatening metabolic disorder known as diabetes. The insulin deficiency and hyperglycaemic condition related to diabetes cause dysregulation of the immune system. This study evaluated the combined efficacy of melatonin and insulin in attenuation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) caused inflammation, macrophage functional impairment, and oxidative stress in the spleen of diabetic mice.

Melatonin attenuates diabetes-induced oxidative stress in spleen and suppression of splenocyte proliferation in laboratory mice.

Hyperglycaemic condition induced oxidative stress in diabetic individuals caused oxidative damages of internal organs, including immune organ spleen. We studied the effects of low doses of melatonin (25, 50, and 100 µg/100g. B.

A case of liver cirrhosis and Chilaiditi syndrome with atypical pneumonitis.

Respiratory distress is very uncommon as a presenting symptom of Chilaiditi syndrome. Furthermore, pneumonia is not documented with the syndrome, compromising further to the distress. We describe a middle-aged man, chronic alcoholic, recently diagnosed with liver cirrhosis, presented with a 1-year history of slowly progressive breathlessness.

Acute coronary syndrome-related mortality audit in a teaching hospital at Port Blair, India.

Background: India has a growing trend of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) due to shifting lifestyle.

Objective: To study the profile of patients died due to AMI and to find its risk correlates.

Methods: A study was conducted on consecutive AMI cases admitted in the teaching hospital at Port Blair from April 2011 to March 2016.

Synthesis of Octabromoperylene Dianhydride and Diimides: Evidence of Halogen Bonding and Semiconducting Properties.

A facile synthesis of octabromoperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (Br8-PDA) (1), its diimides (Br8-PDIs) (2a-e), and bis-, tris-, and tetra-amino substituted diimides (5a-c) with six, five, and four remaining substitutable Br atoms, respectively, is reported. Octabromination results in facile chemical/electrochemical reduction, radical anion formation, and red-shifted optical properties. For the first time, diverse halogen-bonding interactions were identified in the PDA/PDI, which along with the attractive electronic features enhance the electron-transport characteristics compared to the di-/tetra-brominated PDIs (3/4).

Discordance in drug resistance-associated mutation patterns in marker genes of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium knowlesi during coinfections.

Objectives: Human Plasmodium knowlesi infections have been reported from several South-East Asian countries, excluding India, but its drug susceptibility profile in mixed-infection cases remains unknown.

Methods: The chloroquine resistance transporter (CRT) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) genes of P. knowlesi and other Plasmodium species were sequenced from clinical isolates obtained from malaria patients living in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.

Tsunami, post-tsunami malaria situation in Nancowry group of islands, Nicobar district, Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Background & Objectives: Due to tsunami in 2004 a large proportion of population in Nicobar group of Islands become homeless, and in 2006 large scale labour migration took place to construct the houses. In 2008, a significant increase in malaria incidence was observed in this area. Therefore, in March 2008, the situation of malaria was assessed in Nancowry Islands in Nicobar District to study the reasons for the observed upsurge in the number of cases, and to suggest public health measures to control the infection.

High chloroquine treatment failure rates and predominance of mutant genotypes associated with chloroquine and antifolate resistance among falciparum malaria patients from the island of Car Nicobar, India.

Objectives: An in vivo chloroquine efficacy study was undertaken on the island of Car Nicobar because a temporal rise in the Plasmodium falciparum parasite population containing mutations in the chloroquine resistance transporter (PfCRT) protein has been reported there.

Methods: A WHO protocol with a 28 day follow-up schedule was used for chloroquine efficacy studies. Finger-prick blood from P.

Clinical progression of chikungunya fever during acute and chronic arthritic stages and the changes in joint morphology as revealed by imaging.

This longitudinal follow-up study of 203 patients with serologically confirmed chikungunya (CHIK) virus infection describes the clinical features of CHIK fever during the first and tenth months of illness. During the acute stage CHIK fever presents with a wide array of symptoms. The foremost chronic symptoms at the end of a month were rheumatism (75%) and fatigue (30%).

Emergence of an unusual sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance pattern and a novel K540N mutation in dihydropteroate synthetase in Plasmodium falciparum isolates obtained from Car Nicobar Island, India, after the 2004 Tsunami.

Background: Enormous amounts of drugs were used to contain the outbreak of infectious diseases in areas of India affected by the tsunami in December 2004. The impact of this drug use on the Plasmodium falciparum population needs to be investigated.

Methods: The nucleotide sequence of the pfcrt, pfdhps, and pfdhfr genes was determined for 229 clinical P.

Peripheral melatonin modulates seasonal immunity and reproduction of Indian tropical male bird Perdicula asiatica.

Seasonal changes in pineal function are well coordinated with seasonal reproductive activity of tropical birds. Further, immunomodulatory property of melatonin is well documented in seasonally breeding animals. Present study elucidates the interaction of peripheral melatonin with seasonal pattern of immunity and reproduction in Indian tropical male bird Perdicula asiatica.

Trade-off between L-thyroxin and melatonin in immune regulation of the Indian palm squirrel, Funambulus pennanti during the reproductively inactive phase.

The thyroid gland and its hormones have been reported to influence reproduction and metabolism in a positive manner. However, research to date provides strong evidence for a reciprocal relationship between the immune system and hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis. The present study has been taken to elucidate the effect of L-thyroxin (T(4)) on immune parameters such as total leukocyte count, percent lymphocyte count, blastogenic response and percent stimulation ratio of thymocytes and splenocytes of a seasonally breeding rodent, Funambulus pennanti, during its reproductively inactive phase when peripheral T(4) is low.

Melatonin and differential effect of L-thyroxine on immune system of Indian tropical bird Perdicula asiatica.

Interaction of thyroxine and melatonin on immune status was noted in vivo and in vitro when peripheral melatonin was high and thyroxine low in plasma of male Perdicula asiatica during reproductively inactive phase. During this phase exogenous thyroxine (4 microg/100g. Bwt.

Melatonin prevents testosterone-induced suppression of immune parameters and splenocyte proliferation in Indian tropical jungle bush quail, Perdicula asiatica.

During reproductive inactive phase (winter months) peripheral high melatonin and low testosterone was noted in male Indian tropical bird, Perdicula asiatica. During this phase exogenous testosterone (1 mg/100 g Bwt./day) suppressed the immune parameters [spleen weight, total leukocyte count (TLC), lymphocyte count (LC), and percent stimulation ratio (% SR)] and depleted splenic cellular density, while melatonin (25 microg/100g Bwt.