Predictive Ability of Amplitude Integrated Electroencephalography for Adverse Outcomes in Neonates with Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy: A Cohort Study.

The authors examined the prevalence of abnormal amplitude integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) patterns in neonates diagnosed with sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). They recorded 36626 min of aEEG in 75 study neonates. Encephalopathy was defined by the Brighton Collaboration Neonatal Encephalopathy criteria.

Role of Cerebroplacental Ratio in Predicting Perinatal Outcome.

Objective Doppler velocimetry provides a sensitive, non-invasive, and safe method of surveillance of fetal hemodynamics and fetomaternal circulation. Cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) is an indicator of placental function and fetal maladaptation to placental insufficiency. Cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) is becoming a significant indicator of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes, which has implications for the assessment of fetal well-being.

Prospective assessment of mental and physical health of maternal near-miss women: A low-middle-income country's experience.

Background: Traumatic birth experience is an unaddressed arena, especially in Asian women, with several societal stigmas lingering around.

Aim: A study was undertaken to simultaneously assess the post-partum mental and physical health follow-up of maternal near-miss (MNM) women and compare it with women of uneventful deliveries.

Materials And Methods: The prospective cohort study enrolled 88 MNM women (case cohort) and 80 women with an uneventful peri-partum period (control cohort) at the same time.

B12 Deficiency is the Commonest Cause of Anaemia During Pregnancy in Northern India: Study from a Tertiary Care Institute.

Unlabelled: Iron deficiency anemia is considered the leading cause of anemia during pregnancy; however, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on the etiological factors of anemia in pregnant women. The objective of this study was to systematically investigate the causes of anemia in pregnancy. Five hundred women with hemoglobin levels < 11 g/dl between 6 and 40 weeks of pregnancy underwent a complete hemogram, iron studies, serum folate, serum B12, serum copper, and serum zinc level assessments using standard methods.

Back-Referral of Convalescing Neonates: Challenges and Strategies in India.

Objectives: To investigate the barriers and facilitators involved in the back-referral process of newborns from a tertiary care centre to district Special Newborn Care Units (SNCUs) for step-down care.

Methods: The study employed mixed methods, including feedback questionnaires for parents of back-referred neonates, in-depth interviews with doctors and nurses from six SNCUs, and focused group discussions with medical staff at a tertiary-level institute. The study was conducted over a period of seven and a half months in a north Indian tertiary care centre.

Naturalistic Evaluation of ERAS Bundle Implementation Feasibility in Elective Cesarean Deliveries of Tertiary Care Hospital in a Low-Middle-Income Country.

The present study assessed whether applying enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) guidelines for cesarean delivery is feasible in the tertiary care setting with an add-on objective to identify barriers to successful implementation. The cross-sectional study included women undergoing elective CS and willing to participate. The study attempted to understand barriers to ERAS implementation through timely interviewing study participants.

Open-labeled Randomized Controlled Trial on Efficacy of Azithromycin Versus Doxycycline in Pediatric Scrub Typhus.

Background: Doxycycline (DX) is the first-line therapeutic agent for scrub typhus. Macrolides, especially azithromycin (AZ), have been found to be equally efficacious as DX for treating scrub typhus in adults. We conducted this study to compare the efficacy of AZ versus DX in pediatric scrub typhus.

Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns Among Neonates Referred to Pediatric Emergency in North India: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Sepsis is a leading cause of neonatal mortality worldwide, with a disproportionately high burden in low-income and middle-income countries. There is limited prospective data on microorganism profiles and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in outborn newborns referred to pediatric emergency in developing countries. We aimed to assess the pathogen profile and AMR patterns in outborn neonates referred to the pediatric emergency at a tertiary care center.

Care During Labour, Childbirth, and Immediate Newborn Care in India: A Review.

India is committed to achieve a single-digit neonatal mortality rate (NMR) and stillbirth rate (SBR) by 2030 through India Newborn Action Plan (INAP) 2014. However, the current rate of decline is not enough to achieve the target neonatal mortality rate. Course correction and renewed efforts are required.

Early Blood Pressure Changes in Neonatal Sepsis and the Risk of Mortality.

Objectives: To compare blood pressures (BP) between neonates with culture-proven sepsis and clinical sepsis in the first 120 h of sepsis onset and to examine association between BP and in-hospital mortality.

Methods: In this cohort study, consecutively enrolled neonates with 'culture-proven' sepsis [growth in blood/ cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within 48 h] and clinical sepsis (sepsis workup negative, cultures sterile) were analyzed. Their BP was recorded every 3-hourly for initial 120 h and averaged in 20 time-epochs of 6 h each (0-6 h to 115-120 h).

Role of perfusion index and plethysmography variability index for predicting outcomes in neonatal sepsis.

Aim: (i) To compare perfusion index (PI) and plethysmography variability index (PVI) between neonates with proven or probable sepsis versus no-sepsis, (ii) to examine an association of PI and PVI with in-hospital mortality.

Methods: We enrolled neonates with clinically presumed sepsis. Culture-proven or probable sepsis were categorised as 'cases' and no-sepsis as 'controls'.

Infra-cardiac TAPVC with an intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: A rare association.

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is an uncommonly encountered cyanotic congenital heart disease characterized by anomalous drainage of the pulmonary veins. Concomitant venous anomalies are rarely found in these patients. We present a case of an infra-cardiac TAPVC with an intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, where a vascular channel was seen between the middle hepatic vein and the left branch of the portal vein with fusiform dilatation of the latter, diagnosed on computed tomography angiography.

Validation of Grobman's graphical nomogram for prediction of vaginal delivery in Indian women with previous caesarean section.

Purpose: To validate Grobman's nomogram for prediction of trial of labour after caesarean section (TOLAC) success in the Indian population.

Methods: A prospective observational study of women with previous lower segment caesarean sections (LSCS) who were admitted for TOLAC between January 2019 and June 2020 at a tertiary care hospital We compared the Grobman's predicted VBAC success probability to the observed VBAC rate in the study population and devised a receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) curve for the nomogram.

Results: Among the 124 women with prior LSCS who chose TOLAC and were included in the study, 68 (54.

Meningitis Among Neonates with Suspected Sepsis Presenting to Pediatric Emergency.

We aimed to assess the risk factors, clinical features and microbial profiles of meningitis in neonates with suspected sepsis referred to a pediatric emergency. Over 13 months, 191 neonates were enrolled, of whom 64 (33.5%) had meningitis.

Quality of Referral, Admission Status, and Outcome of Neonates Referred to Pediatric Emergency of a Tertiary Care Institution in North India.

Background: This study was planned to study the existing status of neonatal transport in North India after the introduction of National Ambulance Service (NAS). We evaluated the quality of referral, admission status, and outcome of referred neonates.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled neonates admitted between March 2016 and October 2016, excluding neonates referred from the outpatient department.

The placental pathology in Coronavirus disease 2019 infected mothers and its impact on pregnancy outcome.

Introduction: This study aims at observing placental pathologies in COVID-19 infected women, and analyzing its impact on pregnancy outcome.

Method: This is a descriptive-analytical study done at a tertiary centre of Northern India. All COVID-19 positive pregnant women with gestational age ≥20 weeks, with placental histopathological reporting, were included in this study.

Relationship between Decrease in Urine Output following Treatment with Prostaglandin Inhibitors and PDA Closure.

Objective: Prostaglandin inhibitors are used for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and they often transiently decrease the urine output (UO) due to prostaglandin inhibition in the renal vasculature. We hypothesized that preterm infants whose renal vasculature shows greater sensitivity to prostaglandin inhibitors are likely to have ductal tissue with greater sensitivity to the same. Our objective was to determine whether the decrease in UO following treatment of PDA with a prostaglandin inhibitor is associated with a higher probability of PDA closure.

Prevalence & spectrum of congenital anomalies at a tertiary care centre in north India over 20 years (1998-2017).

Background & Objectives: Congenital anomalies lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Systematically published data on the prevalence and spectrum of congenital anomalies from India are scarce. This study was aimed to ascertain the prevalence, spectrum, trend, and outcome of congenital anomalies at a tertiary care centre in north India over two decades.

Adrenocortical Dysfunctions in Neonatal Septic Shock.

The prevalence of adrenal insufficiency at the onset of neonatal septic shock was estimated. Total serum cortisol and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) levels were measured at the onset of septic shock in term and preterm neonates. Serum cortisol levels were measured again after 30 min of 1 µg adrenocorticotropin injection.

Predictors of Mortality in Neonatal Shock: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: To study the incidence, clinical profile, and predictors of mortality in neonatal shock.

Methods: We enrolled consecutive inborn neonates, who developed shock during hospital stay (between January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019) at a tertiary-care, research center of northern India. We retrieved the clinical data from our electronic database, case record files, nursing charts, and laboratory investigations from the hospital's Health Information System.