Organocatalyzed Hydroacylation of Enones by Photosensitization of Acyl Silanes.

A mild protocol for hydroacylation of enones through photosensitization of acyl silanes with thioxanthone under blue light (455 nm) irradiation is reported. A Brønsted acid is used as a cocatalyst in the reaction. The versatility of the method is demonstrated through inter- and intramolecular hydroacylation reaction.

Platelet function testing and clinical outcomes in peripheral arterial disease: Systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Objective: This systematic review aims to comprehensively assess the contemporary literature on platelet function testing (PFT) in individuals undergoing revascularization therapy for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The goal is to identify whether PFT can aid in detecting antiplatelet resistance, predicting post-procedural thrombotic complications, and informing tailored treatment strategies.

Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a literature review was conducted using PubMed databases.

Preoperative Anemia is Associated with Poorer Postoperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Infrainguinal Bypass Surgery.

Background: Preoperative anemia is an important, modifiable risk factor among surgical patients. However, data are scarce on the impact of preoperative anemia on postoperative outcomes after infrainguinal bypass.

Methods: In this multi-institutional analysis, data were retrospectively collected on all infrainguinal bypass procedures performed between 2010 and 2020.

Carbon nanomaterials for the detection of pesticide residues in food: A review.

In agricultural fields, pesticides are widely used, but their residual presence in the environment poses a threat to humans, animals, insects, and ecosystems. The overuse of pesticides for pest control, enhancement of crop yield, etc. leaves behind a significant residual amount in the environment.

Outcomes of Femoropopliteal Bypass for Lifestyle-Limiting Claudication in the Endovascular Era.

Introduction: Outcomes after femoropopliteal bypass for intermittent claudication (IC) remain unclear in the endovascular era.

Methods: A multi-institutional database was retrospectively queried for all femoropopliteal bypass procedures performed between 1995 and 2020. Demographics, operative details, and outcomes were documented.

Impact of anticoagulation/antiplatelet therapy on femoropopliteal bypass graft outcomes.

Background: Anticoagulant and antiplatelet (AC/AP) medications have been reported to improve bypass graft patency, however, the optimal AC/AP strategy remains unclear in the heterogenous peripheral artery disease population.

Methods: A multi-institutional retrospective review utilizing the Research Patient Data Registry database from 1995 to 2020 was performed for all patients who underwent femoropopliteal bypass procedures. Electronic medical records were used to obtain demographic information, comorbidities, smoking status, operative details (bypass target), postoperative AC/AP medications, postoperative complications, and long-term outcomes and were reviewed for the cohort.

Carbon-Based Sorbents for Hydrogen Storage: Challenges and Sustainability at Operating Conditions for Renewable Energy.

It is estimated that all fossil fuels will be depleted by 2060 if we continue to use them at the present rate. Therefore, there is an unmet need for an alternative source of energy with high calorific value. In this regard, hydrogen is considered the best alternative renewable fuel that could be used in practical conditions.

Risk factors and consequences of graft infection after femoropopliteal bypass: A 25-year experience.

Objective: In this multi-institutional series, we aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors, and long-term outcomes of graft infection in patients post-femoropopliteal bypass.

Methods: A multi-institutional database was retrospectively queried for all femoropopliteal bypass procedures from 1995 through 2020. Cumulative incidence function estimated the long-term rate of bypass graft infection (BGI), and the Fine-Gray model was used to determine independent risk factors for BGI to account for death as a competing risk.

The Weekend Effect in Carotid Endarterectomy for Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis.

BackgroundRecent studies report a limited window in which carotid endarterectomy (CEA) provides the greatest benefit for symptomatic carotid stenosis. Given the time-sensitive nature of CEA for symptomatic stenosis, it is important to understand whether patient outcomes are adversely affected by undergoing CEA over the weekend. Currently, it is unclear whether CEA is impacted by the "weekend effect" phenomenon.

A systematic review of thromboelastography utilization in vascular and endovascular surgery.

Objective: Thromboelastography (TEG) is diagnostic modality that analyzes real-time blood coagulation parameters. Clinically, TEG primarily allows for directed blood component resuscitation among patients with acute blood loss and coagulopathy. The utilization of TEG has been widely adopted in among other surgical specialties; however, its use in vascular surgery is less prominent.

The current status of the diversity pipeline in surgical training.

Objective: Recent initiatives have emphasized the importance of diversity, equity, and inclusion in academic surgery. Racial/ethnic disparities remain prevalent throughout surgical training, and the "diversity pipeline" in resident recruitment and retention remains poorly defined.

Methods: Data was retrospectively collected using two separate datasets.

Advancements in spontaneous microbial desalination technology for sustainable water purification and simultaneous power generation: A review.

Population growth and rapid urbanization have put a lot of pressure on the already scarce freshwater around the globe. The availability of freshwater is not only limited but it is non-uniform also. Available desalination technologies help mitigate water shortage; however, these techniques are energy-intensive and unsustainable.

Brønsted acid catalyzed radical addition to quinone methides.

A fundamental quest for alkyl radical generation under mild conditions through photoinduced Brønsted acid catalysis is addressed. The optimized protocol does not require any organic dyes or transition metal photocatalyst. Under blue light irradiation with diphenyl phosphate as a catalyst and dihydropyridine derivatives as a radical source, functionalized arylmethane derivatives are obtained in high yield.