A network pharmacology, molecular docking and investigation of extract for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.

Royle ex Benth. (/PK/Kutki), a Himalayan herb belonging to the family is widely known for its hepatoprotective activity. Traditionally, it is found to be effective for upper respiratory tract disorders, kidney and liver problems, dyspepsia and chronic diarrhoea but the mechanism of action is unclear.

Efficacy of Individualized Homeopathic Medicines in the Treatment of Hemorrhoids: Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of individualized homeopathic medicines (IHMs) in treating hemorrhoids compared with placebo. This is a double-blind, randomized (1:1), two parallel arms, placebo-controlled trial. The trial was conducted at the surgery outpatient department of the State National Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Correlation between the density of defect states (DDS) and cross-linking of corner/edge sharing GeSe tetrahedral structural units.

We have estimated the DDS in the STSG [SeTeSnGe (x = 0, 2, 4, 6)] system by using the Correlated Barrier Hopping (CBH) model by performing A.C. conduction measurements in the frequency range (1 kHz-10 kHz) and temperature underneath the glass transition temperature (303-333) K.

Thermal analysis of novel third-generation phase-change materials with zinc as a chemical modifier.

The thermal analysis in the present work is done to analyze the glass/crystal phase transformation in a newly synthesized glassy system (, glassy SeTeSnZn alloys) consisting of chalcogenides Se and Te as major elements, Sn as a third element of the parent alloy and Zn as a chemical modifier. The role of increasing the Zn concentration at the cost of Se has been understood by correlating the kinematics of structural relaxation during the glass transition phenomenon and devitrification during the crystallization phenomenon in the chalcogenide glasses (ChGs) of the quaternary STSZ [, Se Zn TeSn (0 ≤ ≤ 6)] system and their different physicochemical properties. A noticeable rise in the crystallization rate is observed after the addition of Zn in the parent SeTeSn glass.

An Organic-Inorganic Perovskitoid with Zwitterion Cysteamine Linker and its Crystal-Crystal Transformation to Ruddlesden-Popper Phase.

We demonstrate synthesis of a new low-D hybrid perovskitoid (a perovskite-like hybrid halide structure, yellow crystals, P21/n space group) using zwitterion cysteamine (2-aminoethanethiol) linker, and its remarkable molecular diffusion-controlled crystal-to-crystal transformation to Ruddlesden-Popper phase (Red crystals, Pnma space group). Our stable intermediate perovskitoid distinctly differs from all previous reports by way of a unique staggered arrangement of holes in the puckered 2D configuration with a face-sharing connection between the corrugated-1D double chains. The PL intensity for the yellow phase is 5 orders higher as compared to the red phase and the corresponding average lifetime is also fairly long (143 ns).

Designing a new family of oxonium-cation based structurally diverse organic-inorganic hybrid iodoantimonate crystals.

Several new structurally diverse carbonyl functional group-based iodoantimonate organic-inorganic hybrid crystals are synthesized using an in situ formed oxonium cationic precursor. These crystals exhibit interesting optoelectronic properties consistent with DFT calculations. Charge transfer and photoluminescence quenching between these crystals and Au nanoparticulate films are examined for potential application interest.

Synthesis and thermal characterization of novel phase change materials (PCMs) of the Se-Te-Sn-Ge (STSG) multi-component system: calorimetric studies of the glass/crystal phase transition.

According to recent literature, germanium-containing chalcogenide glasses (ChGs) show improvement in thermal stability and glass-forming ability because of the self-organization of the glass network towards a more rigid structure. The Ge-containing ChGs play a potential role as PCMs in phase-change optical memory (PCOM) applications. This endeavor reports the synthesis of some novel PCMs with Ge as the chemical modifier to improve the kinetic parameters of glass/crystal phase transition.

Taming a monomeric [Cu(η-CH)] complex with silylene.

Previous theoretical and experimental endeavors suggested that [Cu(CH)] prefers the η/η mode over the η mode due to the augmented repulsion between the benzene ring and metal d-electrons. Nevertheless, the use of silylene as a neutral ligand has led to the isolation of the first monomeric copper cation, [{PhC(NBu)SiN(SiMe)}Cu(η-CH)][SbF] (), where a copper atom is bound to the benzene ring in an unsupported η fashion. However, the use of IPr (1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) in place of silylene results in the formation of [IPr·Cu(η-CH)][SbF] (), where the copper atom is bound to the benzene ring in the η mode.

Catalyst free boron carbon bond cleavage and facile formation of five-membered PNBCC heterocycles.

The [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of phosphanyl aminoborane [N(2,6-iPrCH)(PPh)(BCy)] (1) with activated alkynes led to boron and phosphorus containing five-membered heterocycles [(2,6-iPrCH)NPPh(COR)C-C(Cy)(COR)(BCy)] [R = Me (2), Et (3) and H (4)] with facile cleavage of the B-C bond and concomitant formation of a P-C bond with an ylidic character. DFT calculations indicate that 1 can be considered as a non-conjugated 1,3-dipole having two reaction centers viz., a nucleophilic P-center and an electrophilic B-center.

Strikingly diverse reactivity of structurally identical silylene and stannylene.

The reactivity of structurally identical silylene and stannylene [PhC(NtBu)EN(SiMe)] (E = Si (1) and Sn (2)) towards coinage metals has been explored. While 1 has the propensity to form an adduct with coinage metals (4 and 5), 2 undergoes a ligand exchange reaction with copper halides and silver triflate leading to PhC(NtBu)SnX (X = Br (6), Cl (7), and OSOCF (8)) with concomitant formation of [M{N(SiMe)}] (M = Cu, Ag). However, with AgSbF both 1 and 2 led to ion pairs, 9·SbFand 10·SbF displaying weaker Ag·F interactions in the latter.

Unique Approach to Copper(I) Silylene Chalcogenone Complexes.

Silylene-S-thione [PhC(NtBu)Si(═S)N(SiMe)] (2) and silylene-Se-selone [PhC(NtBu)Si(═Se)N(SiMe)] (3) compounds were prepared from the silylene [PhC(NtBu)SiN(SiMe)] (1) with 1 equiv of 1/8 S and 1 equiv of Se powder, respectively, in high yields. Furthermore, compounds 2 and 3 reacted with CuCl and CuBr and yielded [{PhC(NtBu)}Si(═S→CuX)N(SiMe)] (X = Cl (4), Br (5)) and [{PhC(NtBu)}Si(═Se→CuX)N(SiMe)] (X = Cl (6), Br (7)), respectively. Complexes 4-7 can also be obtained from the direct reaction of sulfur and selenium with the corresponding silylene copper complexes [{PhC(NtBu)}Si{N(SiMe)}]CuX (X = Cl (8), Br (9)).

Facile access to a Ge(ii) dication stabilized by isocyanides.

Herein, we introduce isocyanide as a ligand in main group chemistry and describe the facile isolation of a Ge(ii) dication. The reaction of 2,6-dimethylphenylisocyanide with GeCl2 leads to the formation of a Ge(ii) dication with two [GeCl3](-) molecules as counter anions. The dicationic Ge(ii) center is bound to four isocyanide ligands and also holds a lone pair of electrons.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Luminescence Studies of Gold(I) Complexes with PNP- and PNB-Based Ligand Systems.

The synthesis, X-ray crystal structures, and spectroscopic studies of a series of PPh2N(2,6-iPr2C6H3)PPh2 (PNP) and PPh2N(2,6-iPr2C6H3)BCy2 (PNB; Cy = cyclohexyl) based gold(I) complexes are presented herein. The gold(I) chloride complexes 2 and 6 were treated with AgSbF6 to yield the corresponding dimeric dinuclear Au(I) cation (3) and dimeric mononuclear Au(I) cation (7) with PNP and PNB systems, respectively. The molecular structure of 3 revealed the presence of a strong intramolecular aurophilic interaction with a Au···Au bond distance of 2.

Cations and dications of heavier group 14 elements in low oxidation states.

Cations and dications of heavier group 14 elements in their low oxidation state have received widespread attention in recent years. The journey started with the isolation of a series of cations of the composition [(C5Me5)E:](+) [E = Si-Pb], followed by the more recent isolation of a Ge(ii) dication encapsulated within a cryptand, a carbodiphosphorane stabilized [GeCl](+) monocation with a two coordinate Ge atom, Si(ii) cations and dications stabilized by N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), which highlights the ongoing growth and interest in the chemistry of tetrel(ii) cations. This is presumably because the central atom (E) in these compounds contains two or three unoccupied valence orbitals as well as holds a lone pair of electrons.

Review of ozone and temperature lidar validations performed within the framework of the Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change.

The use of assimilation tools for satellite validation requires true estimates of the accuracy of the reference data. Since its inception, the Network for Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC) has provided systematic lidar measurements of ozone and temperature at several places around the world that are well adapted for satellite validations. Regular exercises have been organised to ensure the data quality at each individual site.