Prognostic Role of Procalcitonin and C-reactive Protein in Surgical Neonates: A Single-Institution Experience.

Introduction Neonatal sepsis is a dynamic process where the rigorous evaluation of clinical signs along with appropriately selected biomarkers guides the diagnosis of sepsis. Procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are the two most commonly used diagnostic biomarkers used in sepsis. Sepsis remains the most important cause of mortality and morbidity in surgical neonates.

A Clinicopathological Study to Assess the Role of Intralesional Sclerotherapy Following Propranolol Treatment in Infantile Hemangioma.

Context: As propranolol has emerged as first-line therapy for problematic infantile hemangioma, the number of non-responders and partial responders to propranolol therapy is also increasing.

Aims: The study was conducted to evaluate the response of intralesional bleomycin, triamcinolone, and a combination of both as second line of treatment for the residual hemangioma following propranolol therapy.

Settings And Design: A prospective comparative study was conducted in patients who were either non-responders or partial responders to previous propranolol treatment.

Educational status and COVID-19 related outcomes in India: hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Objective: Association of educational status, as marker of socioeconomic status, with COVID-19 outcomes has not been well studied. We performed a hospital-based cross-sectional study to determine its association with outcomes.

Methods: Successive patients of COVID-19 presenting at government hospital were recruited.

Sandwich therapy in the management of propranolol resistant infantile hemangioma of the lip.

Rationale: Propranolol has evolved as a first line management of infantile haemangiomas. Nevertheless, the resistance to propranolol has warranted alternative treatment modalities. We hypothesize that combination of medical and surgical therapy (sandwich therapy) to be beneficial in the management.

Modified Laparoscopic Excision of Choledochal Cyst: Technique and Early Results.

Background: Choledochal cyst is a common congenital anomaly requiring surgical treatment. Nowadays, laparoscopic excision is the preferred approach. We studied a modification in the classical laparoscopic approach to facilitate the dissection of a cyst.

Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy in Infants Less than One Year of Age: A Short Series of 14 Cases.

Background: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is currently considered as an alternative to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt systems in the treatment of obstructive hydrocephalus. This procedure allows the CSF to drain in the basal cisterns and reabsorbed by arachnoid granulations, and avoiding implantation of exogenous material.

Aims And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the success rate of ETV in infants less than 1 year of age with congenital noncommunicating hydrocephalus.

Role of Urinary Transforming Growth Factor Beta-B1 and Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 as Prognostic Biomarkers in Posterior Urethral Valve.

Background: Posterior Urethral Valves (PUV) are the most common cause of congenital LUT obstruction in males. Biomarkers of glomerular or tubular injury may be of particular value in predicting the need for surgical intervention or in tracing progression of chronic kidney disease. Measurement of biomarker in urine is relatively easy.

Simplified Laparoscopic Suture Rectopexy for Idiopathic Rectal Prolapse In Children: Technique and Results.

Background: Laparoscopic suture rectopexy is safe and effective treatment option for pediatric rectal prolapse. We performed this study to compare the outcome of modified laparoscopic suture rectopexy (MLSR) versus Classical Laparoscopic suture rectopexy (CLSR).

Material And Methods: The study was conducted between June 2015 to May 2019 including all the patients with persistent rectal prolapse who underwent surgery managed by either MLSR (Group A) or CLSR (Group B).

Novel approach for the dissection of upper pouch during primary repair of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula: Technique and results.

Background: We describe a technical modification to approach for dissection of proximal pouch in patients undergoing the primary repair of congenital Esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula (EA-TEF).

Methods: A prospective comparative study was performed from January 2016 to December, 2019 including the patients who were undergoing primary repair of EA-TEF (Type C). The patients were divided into Group A (upper pouch dissection by classical approach) and Group B (technical modification).

Three-Layered Closure of Persistent Oroantral Fistula Using Chin Graft, Buccal Fat Pad, and Buccal Advancement Flap: A Case Report with Review of Literature.

Various techniques have been used for the repair of oroantral fistula (OAF) but majority of them have focused on the soft tissue closure alone, and most of the time, the osseous floor of the sinus was ignored. Existing literature supports that bone grafts supported by Buccal Fat Pad (BFP) heal well without undergoing significant resorption and necrosis. Through this case report, we wish to elaborate on the clinical success of using BFP and autogenous chin graft for simultaneous reconstruction of a large long-standing oroantral fistula with underlying osseous defect.

Modified Cervicofacial Flap for Large Cheek Defect Reconstruction under Local Anesthesia.

The cervicofacial flap was first described in 1969. For the past several years, it has been the flap of choice for the reconstruction of facial defects especially cheek defects. In recent years, with the advent of microvascular free flap tissue transfer, the use of a cervicofacial flap has been sparse.

Homocysteine and vitamin B12: Other causes of neural tube defects in Eastern Uttar Pradesh and Western Bihar population.

Background: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are congenital malformations with an incidence of 1-10/1000 live births. Homocysteine and vitamin B12 metabolism have been shown to be associated with NTDs.

Aim: To investigate the status of maternal and neonate's folic acid, homocysteine, and vitamin B12 levels and their association with the risk of development of NTDs in the population of Eastern Uttar Pradeshand Western Bihar, India.

Intradural teratoma in a neonate with meningomyelocele.

Meningomyelocele is a common congenital problem. The teratoma is a neoplasm composed of tissues foreign to the part in which they arise. An intradural teratoma within a meningomyelocele is a very rare association.

Primary Eosinophilic Gastritis in a Child with Gastric Outlet Obstruction.

A 3-year-old girl presented with multiple episodes of vomiting, fever, and hematemesis for the past 2 months. Except for hemoglobin, her rests of the laboratory tests were unremarkable. Her barium X-ray showed absence of the duodenal bulb and the C-loop.

Role of propranolol in ulcerated haemangioma of head and neck: a prospective comparative study.

Purpose: Infantile haemangiomas comprise the majority of vascular anomalies and are considered the predominant vascular tumour type 1. We performed this prospective study to evaluate the therapeutic response and propranolol tolerance in infants with ulcerated infantile haemangioma of head and neck region.

Methods: Sixty-four patients with ulcerated infantile haemangiomas (IHs) of head and neck region, without any prior treatment and with age older than 1 month, were included in the study, after informed consent was obtained, and were randomly divided into groups A and B.

Single stage management of a unique variant of congenital pouch colon with triplet fistula and normal anus.

Congenital pouch colon (CPC) in the female patient presents with highly variable and anomalous anatomy. We herein report the first case of CPC with uterus didelphys having normal anal opening, H-type vestibular fistula, two other fistulous communications between pouch colon and two vagina managed in a single stage with excellent postoperative outcome.

Management of anorectal malformation without ligation of fistula: an approach preventing posterior urethral diverticula.

Objective: The posterior urethral diverticulum is a common urologic complication requiring reoperations in anorectal malformation cases (ARM). We present a series of 24 cases of male ARM managed without ligation of fistula.

Material And Methods: A prospective study was conducted between July 2010 and June 2012 including male neonates with ARM, where rectobladder neck and rectoprostatic fistula were approached by the abdominal route.

Propranolol for infantile haemangiomas: experience from a tertiary center.

Aim: Infantile haemangiomas are the most common tumor of infancy. We report the use of propranolol for treatment of problematic and complicated haemangiomas.

Patients And Methods: Propranolol was given to 52 children with mean age of 18.

Novel technique of repair of large tracheo-esophageal fistula following battery ingestion in children: review of two cases.

Surgical repair of acquired tracheo-esophageal fistula may result in tracheal stenosis or esophageal stricture. We used fistula with esophageal cuff as flap to repair the tracheal defect. Esophageal repair was performed by rotating ends through 90° in opposite direction.

Clinico-immunological response to intratumoral versus intravenous neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced pediatric solid malignancies.

Background: There is minimal literature on the use of intralesional chemotherapy in the pediatric age group. We undertook this present study to evaluate the two modalities (intratumoral and intravenous) of giving chemotherapy in terms of toxicity of chemotherapy, hematological parameters, efficacy of chemotherapy in reduction in volume of the tumor as well as resectability of tumor with special emphasis on immunological parameters.

Materials And Methods: Advanced cases of Wilms' tumor and Neuroblastoma were included in the study.

Tracheoesophageal fistula with esophageal atresia with absent external ear: a unusual association.

Esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF with EA) is a common disease which is associated with many other congenital abnormalities. The most common association is with VACTERL syndrome..

Hemangioma: review of literature.

Hemangiomas are tumors identifed by rapid endothelial cell proliferation in early infancy, followed by involution over time. All other abnormalities are malformations resulting from anomalous development of vascular plexuses. The malformations have a normal endothelial cell growth cycle that affects the veins, the capillaries or the lymphatics and they do not involute.

Clinical spectrum of neural tube defects with special reference to karyotyping study.

Background: Neural tube defects are common congenital malformations of the central nervous system. Despite years of intensive epidemiological, clinical, and experimental research, the exact etiology of NTD remains rather complex and poorly understood. The present study attempted to look into the association of occurrence of NTD with reference to folic acid levels, along with karyotyping status.

Long-term follow up of mesenchymal hamartoma of liver--single center study.

Background/aim: Mesenchymal hamartoma of liver (MHL) is a rare liver tumor of childhood. About 200 cases have been reported till now. Most of the work on MHL is limited to case reports and there are not many long term follow-up studies.