Involving youth with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities as collaborators in a comparative effectiveness trial: A community-engaged research approach.

Background: Practices to include youth with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD) are necessary to design and implement research that specifically meets the behavioral health needs of this population. This article describes a protocol for engaging youth with IDD as collaborators in a comparative effectiveness clinical trial using a community-engaged research (CEnR) approach.

Methods: Our engagement protocol, guided by the Community Engaged Research (CEnR) Framework, emphasized harm avoidance, accessibility, demonstrated value, capacity bridging and co-learning, shared power and equity in decision-making, accountability and respect, and transparent communication.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Body Mass Index Status among Children and Youth with Special Health Care Needs.

The present study examined the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and body mass index (BMI) status among children and youth with special health care needs (CYSHCN), and the role of health characteristics and lifestyle factors in predicting BMI. Data from the 2016-2020 National Survey of Children's Health were utilized. Key variables included: ACEs, BMI status, level of functional impairment, depression, weekly level of physical activity, and daily screen time.

Myanmar migrants living along the Thailand-Myanmar border: Experiences related to pandemic and migration decisions.

Importance: In Myanmar, amid political and civil unrest, droves of Burmese are displaced to neighboring countries including Thailand. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, little is known about the available healthcare services and health and well-being among refugees and migrant workers within resettlement areas along the Myanmar-Thailand border.

Objective: To explore the unmet needs of migrants along the Thailand-Myanmar border during the COVID-19 pandemic and their reasons for leaving Myanmar.

Telesimulation for Training in Infant Feeding: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Simulation is an education modality known to support clinical skill development. Unfortunately, access to simulation has been challenging, both prior to and during the pandemic. Simulation via telepractice, i.

Negotiating and Struggling for a New Life: Stigma, Spirituality, and Coping Strategies of People Living with HIV in Myanmar.

Although enacted and internalized stigma is a continuing problem for people living with HIV (PLWH) in Southeast Asia, there is little understanding of how PLWH cope with discrimination, exclusion, and other negative outcomes caused by HIV-related stigmatization. This article aims to bridge this gap by analyzing the lived experiences of HIV-related stigmatization and coping strategies among 30 people with HIV in Myanmar, a country heavily influenced by religion, especially Buddhism. Among the 30 study participants, 20 were female and 10 were male, with ages ranging from 18 to 50 years.

Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Mental Health on School Success in Autistic Children: Findings from the 2016-2021 National Survey of Children's Health.

Purpose: School is an important developmental setting for children. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to overall lower educational attainment and are more prevalent in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) than in their neurotypical peers. The aim of this study is to test the association between ACEs and school outcomes among autistic children and whether mental health conditions explain this association.

Pegargiminase Plus First-Line Chemotherapy in Patients With Nonepithelioid Pleural Mesothelioma: The ATOMIC-Meso Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Arginine deprivation using ADI-PEG20 (pegargiminase) combined with chemotherapy is untested in a randomized study among patients with cancer. ATOMIC-Meso (ADI-PEG20 Targeting of Malignancies Induces Cytotoxicity-Mesothelioma) is a pivotal trial comparing standard first-line chemotherapy plus pegargiminase or placebo in patients with nonepithelioid pleural mesothelioma.

Objective: To determine the effect of pegargiminase-based chemotherapy on survival in nonepithelioid pleural mesothelioma, an arginine-auxotrophic tumor.

Suppression of NK Cell Activation by JAK3 Inhibition: Implication in the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases.

Natural killer (NK) cell is an essential cytotoxic lymphocyte in our innate immunity. Activation of NK cells is of paramount importance in defending against pathogens, suppressing autoantibody production and regulating other immune cells. Common gamma chain (c) cytokines, including IL-2, IL-15, and IL-21, are defined as essential regulators for NK cell homeostasis and development.

The Roles of Lifetime Enacted Stigma in Tic Symptoms among Young Adults with Tourette Syndrome.

Background: Although rarely framed as enacted stigma, adults with Tourette syndrome (ATS) have long suffered from discrimination associated with their tic symptoms. Given the high stress levels of enacted stigma that ATS experience, it is expected that their tic symptoms are profoundly impacted. However, the evidence linking enacted stigma to ATS's tic symptoms remains limited.

Relationships between spirituality and mental stress in people living with HIV in China: A cross-sectional study.

There are limited reports on the relationship between spirituality and mental stress in PLWH in China, who may be subject to anti-religious pressures from the government. In this study, we aimed to understand whether spirituality influences Chinese PLWH's mental stress and, if so, at what level. We recruited 200 PLWHs from Beijing's Ditan Hospital to complete a cross-sectional survey inquiring about their practice of spirituality as well as their level of mental stress.

Lost in Translation: Impact of Language Barriers and Facilitators on the Health Care of Asian Americans Living with HIV.

Language barriers are major obstacles that Asian American immigrants face when accessing health care in the USA. This study was conducted to explore the impact of language barriers and facilitators on the health care of Asian Americans. Qualitative, in-depth interviews and quantitative surveys were conducted with 69 Asian Americans (Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Malaysian, Indonesian, Vietnamese, and mixed Asian backgrounds) living with HIV (AALWH) in three urban areas (New York, San Francisco, and Los Angeles) in 2013 and from 2017 to 2020.

Medical clowning influences the emotions of parents of children undergoing cancer treatment: A quasi-experimental study.

Background: Medical clowning for children has been found to be effective at enhancing parents' psychological well-being during preoperative preparation, but has not been found during cancer treatment. This study aimed to examine whether and how medical clowning influenced the emotions of parents of children undergoing cancer treatment.

Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 96 parents of children receiving inpatient cancer treatment were recruited, from June 2018 through April 2020.

Volcanic contribution to the 1990s North Pacific climate shift in winter.

It is debatable whether external forcing can change the state of the climate. By investigating decadal changes with and without including the 1990s stratospheric volcanic aerosols, we explored the volcanic eruptions contribution to decadal climate regime shifts occurring in boreal winter over the North Pacific. The volcanic eruptions contribution can be characterized as a series of rapid changes, including the strengthening and poleward shift of the midlatitude westerly jet stream.

Phenylboronic Acid-Functionalized Polyplexes Tailored to Oral CRISPR Delivery.

Effective delivery of the CRISPR-Cas9 components is crucial to realizing the therapeutic potential. Although many delivery approaches have been developed for this application, oral delivery has not been explored due to the degradative nature of the gastrointestinal tract. For this issue, we developed a series of novel phenylboronic acid (PBA)-functionalized chitosan-polyethylenimine (CS-PEI) polymers for oral CRISPR delivery.

The Moderated Mediating Effects of Nutrition and Physical Activity Between Fatigue and Quality of Life in Childhood Cancer Survivors.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between nutrition, physical activity, fatigue, and quality of life (QoL) among childhood cancer survivors. The specific purpose was to examine whether nutrition mediated and physical activity moderated the relationship between fatigue and QoL in this population.

Methods: A pooled sample of 120 childhood cancer survivors was recruited at pediatric oncology wards and ambulatory settings between August 2020 and May 2021.

The Mediating Effects of Mindfulness on Perceived Stress From HIV Stigma in People Living With HIV in Myanmar: A Cross-sectional Study.

HIV is a highly stigmatized and stressful condition for people with HIV (PWH). As a country heavily influenced by religion, especially Buddhism, we explore how the perceived stress from HIV stigma interacts with the mediator of mindfulness on PWH in Myanmar. From January to July 2020, a sample of 248 eligible PWH was recruited by quasi-random sampling methods from a private Facebook group in Myanmar.

Care engagement with healthcare providers and symptom management self-efficacy in women living with HIV in China: secondary analysis of an intervention study.

Background: Symptom management self-efficacy is a prerequisite for individuals to fully manage their symptoms. The literature reports associations between engagement with healthcare providers (HCPs), internalized stigma, and types of self-efficacy other than symptom management. However, the factors of symptom management self-efficacy are not well understood.

Race, ethnicity and COVID-19 vaccine concerns: A latent class analysis of data during early phase of vaccination.

Racial gaps in vaccine uptake in the United States have been widely reported. Existing studies, however, have not explored how individuals' concerns about COVID-19 vaccines are clustered. In this study, racial and ethnic background is linked to constellations of COVID-19 vaccine concerns during the early phase of vaccines in the United States, using the Household Pulse Survey (N = 60,492).

Adaptation and Validation of the Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R) in People Living with HIV in Myanmar.

Objectives: Valid and reliable instruments for the measurement of mindfulness are crucial for people living with HIV. However, there was no Myanmar version of such an instrument.

Methods: We adapted the English version of the 12-item Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R) based on standard cross-cultural procedures.