Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of milbemycin oxime and praziquantel in plasma: application to a pharmacokinetic study in cats.

Introduction: Milbemycin oxime (MBO) and praziquantel (PZQ) have a broad spectrum of biological activity and are commonly used to treat the parasitic infection in the veterinary clinic. In this study, a fast and efficient LC-MS/MS method was established and validated for the simultaneous determination of MBO, PZQ, cis-4-hydroxylated-PZQ (C-4-OH-PZQ) and trans-4-hydroxylated-PZQ (T-4-OH-PZQ) and in cat plasma.

Methods: Extraction of analytes and internal standards from cat plasma by acetonitrile protein precipitation, allows rapid processing of large batches of samples.

Enhancement of the oral bioavailability of isopropoxy benzene guanidine though complexation with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin.

Isopropoxy benzene guanidine (IBG) is a novel substituted benzene guanidine analogue with antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, the bioavailability of IBG is not optimal due to its finite aqueous solubility, thus hampering its potential therapeutic exploitation. In this study, we prepared IBG/hydroxypropyl-β-CD (IBG/HP-β-CD) complex, and characterized it by differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy.

Research Progress of Totipotent Stem Cells.

Totipotent stem cells (TSCs), can develop into complete organisms, are used in biological fields such as regenerative medicine, mammalian breeding, and conservation. However, it is difficult to maintain the developmental totipotency and self-renewal capacity of cells cultured from early-stage embryos, which becomes a key factor limiting the research of TSCs. Fortunately, a breakthrough in the study of induced pluripotent stem cells returning to their totipotent state has been made, resulting in the establishment of multiple TSCs and igniting a new wave of stem cell research.

First total syntheses of kanjone and its natural analogues.

Kanjone (), a bioactive furanoflavone and a potent biomolecule, was first isolated from (L.). Herein, we have developed two approaches to synthesize kanjone as well as its natural analogues 6-methoxyisopongaglabol () and 6,3'-dimethoxy-[2″,3″:7,8]furanoflavone () starting from khellin and 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzaldehyde, respectively.

IL-21-mediated expansion of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells is limited by the Tim-3 pathway.

Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are the main γδ T subset in the peripheral blood and lymphoid organs. Previous studies have shown that Vγ9Vδ2 T cells could expand in the presence of phosphoantigens and IL-2 and exert antitumor functions. However, their potency was limited because sustained proliferation could not be achieved, possibly due to exhaustion caused by prolonged antigenic stimulation.

Impairment of Vα24-Jα18Vβ11 natural killer T cells in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients.

Type I natural killer T (NKT) cells are attractive candidates for cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we examined the characteristics of type I NKT cells in patients with adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We first identified type I NKT cells as Vα24-Jα18 and Vβ11 double-positive CD3 lymphocytes.