Circulating RAC1 contributed to steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome: Mendelian randomization, single-cell RNA-sequencing, proteomic, and experimental evidence.

Objectives: The small GTPase Rac1 (RAC1) has been linked to podocyte disorders and steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS). The aim of this study was to explore and validate the potential causal association between circulating RAC1 and SSNS.

Methods: The association between circulating RAC1 and SSNS at both gene expression and proteomic levels was investigated using Mendelian randomization analysis, and further validated by single-cell RNA-sequencing, proteomic analysis, and experimental studies.

Association between gut microbiota and diabetic nephropathy: a two-sample mendelian randomization study.

Background: Observational studies have demonstrated the alterations of gut microbiota composition in diabetic nephropathy (DN), however, the correlation between gut microbiota and DN remains unclear.

Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was designed to estimate the association between gut microbiota and DN. The summary statistics of gut microbiota from phylum level to genus level were obtained from a large-scale, genome-wide association study involving 18,340 individuals, and the data at the species level was derived from the study of TwinsUK Registry, including 1126 twin pairs.

Exploring the therapeutic mechanism of Yuebi decoction on nephrotic syndrome based on network pharmacology and experimental study.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the material basis of YBD and its possible mechanisms against NS through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experiment.

Methods: Active ingredients and potential targets of YBD were obtained through TCMSP and SwissTargetPrediction. NS-related targets were obtained from GeneCards, PharmGKB, and OMIM databases.

Systemic immune inflammation index and all-cause mortality in chronic kidney disease: A prospective cohort study.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and all-cause mortality in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Patients And Methods: This prospective cohort study was carried out among 9303 participants with CKD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles spanning 1999 to 2018. The mortality data were ascertained by linking participant records to the National Death Index up to December 31, 2019.

Systemic immunoinflammatory indexes in albuminuric adults are negatively associated with α-klotho: evidence from NHANES 2007-2016.

Background: Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) is a novel inflammatory biomarker closely associated with the inflammatory response and chronic kidney disease. Klotho is implicated as a pathogenic factor in the progression of kidney disease, and supplementation of Klotho may delay the progression of chronic kidney disease by inhibiting the inflammatory response. Our aim is to investigate the potential relationship between SII and Klotho in adult patients in the United States and explore the differences in the populations with and without albuminuria.

Association between pulmonary function and rapid kidney function decline: a longitudinal cohort study from CHARLS.

Background: Pulmonary function has been reported to be associated with chronic kidney disease. However, the relationship between lung function and rapid kidney function decline remains unclear.

Methods: Participants aged ≥45 years with complete data from the 2011 and 2015 interviews of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included.

The association between peripheral eosinophil count and chronic kidney disease: evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.

Background: Renal impairment has been previously linked to peripheral eosinophil count (PEC), prompting an investigation into its potential relationship with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2018) to comprehensively explore the association between PEC and CKD.

Methods: Survey-weighted generalized multivariate linear regression was employed to evaluate the associations between PEC, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), with meticulous adjustment for potential covariates.

Association between Serum Klotho and All-Cause Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease: Evidence from a Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between circulating soluble Klotho concentration and all-cause mortality in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study involving 2,456 participants with CKD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles spanning from 2007 to 2016. Complex sampling-weighted multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association between serum Klotho level and all-cause mortality, presenting hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

[Bioinformatics analysis and validation of key genes in transformation of idiopathic membranous nephropathy to end-stage renal disease and traditional Chinese medicines for prevention and treatment].

This study used bioinformatics analysis to screen out key genes involved in the transformation of idiopathic membranous nephropathy to end-stage renal disease and to predict targeted Chinese herbs and medicines and active ingredients with preventive and curative effects. The GSE108113 microarray of idiopathic membranous nephropathy and GSE37171 microarray of were downloaded from the comprehensive gene expression database, and 8 homozygous differentially expressed genes for the transformation of idiopathic membranous nephropathy into end-stage renal disease of were screened out by R software. GraphPad Prism was used to verify the expression of homozygous differentially expressed genes in GSE115857 microarray of idiopathic membranous nephropathy and GSE66494 microarray of chronic kidney disease, and 7 key genes(FOS, OGT, CLK1, TIA1, TTC14, CHORDC1, and ANKRD36B) were finally obtained.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of gut microbiota in diabetic kidney disease: Comparisons with diabetes mellitus, non-diabetic kidney disease, and healthy individuals.

Background: Gut microbiota has been reported to play an important role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), however, the alterations of gut bacteria have not been determined.

Methods: Studies comparing the differences of gut microbiome between patients with DKD and non-DKD individuals using high-throughput sequencing technology, were systematically searched and reviewed. Outcomes were set as gut bacterial diversity, microbial composition, and correlation with clinical parameters of DKD.

Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Ephedra Herb in the Treatment of Nephrotic Syndrome Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.

Objective: To explore the possible mechanisms of Ephedra herb (EH) in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome (NS) by using network pharmacology and molecular docking in this study.

Methods: Active ingredients and related targets of EH were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database, and the gene names corresponding to the proteins were found through the UniProt database. Then, target genes related to NS were screened out from GeneCards, PharmGKB, and OMIM databases.

Gut Microbiome Characteristics in IgA Nephropathy: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis from Observational Studies.

Background: Recent data indicate the importance of gut-kidney axis in the pathogenesis of Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). Growing evidence suggests the alterations of diversity and composition of gut microbiome among patients with IgAN, however, the details are not yet fully understood.

Methods: Eligible studies comparing the gut microbiome between patients with IgAN and non-IgAN individuals were systematically searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and .

Recent Advances in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Treatment of Podocyte Injury.

Podocyte is also called glomerular epithelial cell, which has been considered as the final gatekeeper of glomerular filtration barrier (GFB). As a major contributor to proteinuria, podocyte injury underlies a variety of glomerular diseases and becomes the challenge to patients and their families in general. At present, the therapeutic methods of podocyte injury mainly include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, steroid and immunosuppressive medications.

Efficacy and Safety of Immunosuppressive Monotherapy Agents for IgA Nephropathy: A Network Meta-Analysis.

The efficacy and safety of immunosuppressive monotherapy agents were evaluated for immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) using a network meta-analysis approach. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published prior to October 1, 2019, using immunosuppressive agents for treating IgAN, were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Relative risks (RRs) or standard mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the random-effects model.

Chinese Herbal Injections for Primary Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) is a common renal disease that presents with heavy proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. Despite notable advances in its treatment, some patients show poor responses and clinical outcomes when treated with conventional Western medicine (WM). Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) have been reported to have beneficial effects for PNS.

A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis of MDR1 polymorphisms and idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: Susceptibility and steroid responsiveness.

Background: Studies have investigated rs1128503, rs1045642, and rs2032582 in multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) for association with susceptibility to idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) and steroid resistance. However, because these findings were inconsistent, we performed a meta-analysis to determine whether there was evidence of a role of these MDR1 variants in INS.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched to identify studies that examined MDR1 polymorphisms with susceptibility to INS and/or to steroid resistance.