Nosocomial carbapenem-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, related factors and clinical outcomes in Northeast Iran.

Background And Objectives: Nosocomial infections, including drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections, continue to impact the health of hospitalized patients. This study sought to determine the prevalence of these infections and assess the associated risk factors and clinical outcomes in Gorgan, Iran.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 143 infected patients with Acinetobacter baumannii in two educational hospitals in Gorgan city, Iran between 2016 and 2018.

Risk factors and treatment outcome of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients: A five-year study in the North of Iran.

Background: It is essential to constantly review the risk factors and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis (TB). This study evaluated some important risk factors of TB over five years.

Methods: Between 2013 and 2018, all available information and possible risk factors related to TB patients were analyzed from the TB registry program of the health district of Gorgan, Iran.

Clinical Presentations of the Survivor and Non-survivor Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in the Golestan Province of Iran during the First Peak of the Epidemics.

Background: Considering the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we aimed to report the clinical features of 427 patients with COVID-19 and the outcomes after one-month admission to major teaching hospitals in the northeast of Iran.

Materials And Methods: Data of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from 20 February 2020 to 20 April 2020 was analyzed using the R software. The cases and their outcomes were monitored up to one month following their admission.

Study on antibiotic resistance and phylogenetic comparison of avian-pathogenic (APEC) and uropathogenic (UPEC) isolates.

Avian pathogenic (APEC) and uropathogenic (UPEC) can cause vast infections in humans and poultry. The present study was conducted to compare the isolates of the APEC and UPEC pathotypes on the basis phenotypic and genotypic features of antibiotic resistance and phylogenetic differences. Total number of 70 identified strains, including 35 APEC and 35 UPEC isolates, were isolated from avian colibacillosis and human urinary tract infection (UTI), and were subjected to the antimicrobial susceptibility testing, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of the resistance genes, phylogenetic grouping and DNA fingerprinting with enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC - PCR) to survey the variability of the isolates.

Anesthesia and analgesia for common research models of adult mice.

Anesthesia and analgesia are major components of many interventional studies on laboratory animals. However, various studies have shown improper reporting or use of anesthetics/analgesics in research proposals and published articles. In many cases, it seems "anesthesia" and "analgesia" are used interchangeably, while they are referring to two different concepts.

Evaluation of Mutations Related to Streptomycin Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolates.

Drug resistance to streptomycin in the clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) needs special consideration. It can mostly be caused by mutations in four genes with the names rpsL, rrs, gidB, and whiB7. The main objective of this study was the evaluation of the type and frequency of mutations in these mentioned genes using the PCR-sequencing method.

COVID-19 prognostic modeling using CT radiomic features and machine learning algorithms: Analysis of a multi-institutional dataset of 14,339 patients.

Background: We aimed to analyze the prognostic power of CT-based radiomics models using data of 14,339 COVID-19 patients.

Methods: Whole lung segmentations were performed automatically using a deep learning-based model to extract 107 intensity and texture radiomics features. We used four feature selection algorithms and seven classifiers.

Phylogenetic relationship and virulence gene profiles of avian pathogenic and uropathogenic isolated from avian colibacillosis and human urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Background: There is evidence representing the possible relationship between avian pathogenic (APEC) and other extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC) strains such as human uropathogenic isolates.

Aims ‏‏: The present study was conducted to evaluate virulence and phylogenetic relationship between a total of 70 APEC and UPEC isolates (35 APEC and 35 UPEC isolates) obtained from the north of Iran which is one of the core areas of the country's poultry industry.

Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and random amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD) analyses were conducted using specific primers, and data was analyzed using BioNumerics and SPSS softwares.

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic and associated factors for mortality in Golestan province, Iran: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: We aimed to further clarify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV pneumonia and risk factors associated for mortality.

Methods: In this study, we included inpatient with acute respiratory distress syndrome at Golestan Hospitals who had been discharged or had died in 2020. Epidemiological, and clinical data were extracted from electronic medical records and compared between recovered and died cases.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis typing using Allele-specific oligonucleotide multiplex PCR (ASO-PCR) method.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) genotyping provides valuable information related to the origin and the evolution of the isolates. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) technique for lineages identification of M.

Occurrence and risk factors of nontuberculous mycobacteria in tuberculosis-suspected patients in the north of Iran.

Background And Objectives: Some Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) can occasionally infect the human population and cause infections having symptoms similar to tuberculosis (TB). This study tried to provide updated data about the frequency and diversity of NTM species.

Materials And Methods: Suspicious samples of (MTB) with both positive results in Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining and Löwenstein-Jensen medium culturing were evaluated during January 2016 and December 2018 in Gorgan, Iran.

Antimicrobials and Food-Related Stresses as Selective Factors for Antibiotic Resistance along the Farm to Fork Continuum.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem and there has been growing concern associated with its widespread along the animal-human-environment interface. The farm-to-fork continuum was highlighted as a possible reservoir of AMR, and a hotspot for the emergence and spread of AMR. However, the extent of the role of non-antibiotic antimicrobials and other food-related stresses as selective factors is still in need of clarification.

A systematic review and meta-analysis for association of Helicobacter pylori colonization and celiac disease.

Background And Objectives: Based on some previous observational studies, there is a theory that suggests a potential relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonization and celiac disease (CeD); however, the type of this relationship is still controversial. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore all related primary studies to find any possible association between CeD and human H.

Association Between Helicobacter pylori Colonization and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Various observational studies have examined a potential relationship between Helicobacter pylori colonization and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs); however, results are inconclusive. This systematic review evaluates articles reporting an association between human H. pylori colonization and IBD.

Letter to the editor: efficacy of different methods of combination regimen administrations including dexamethasone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and interferon-beta to treat critically ill COVID-19 patients: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: There is little information about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) management for critically ill patients. Most of these patients develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to excessive inflammatory response and the ensuing cytokine storm. Anti-inflammatory drugs including corticosteroids can be used to effectively reduce the effect of this cytokine storm and lung damage.

Incidence, risk factors and clinical characteristics of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients: a ten-year study in the North of Iran.

Objective: To determine the incidence of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) and examine the risk factors and the clinical features of the disease over a ten-year period.

Methods: Retrospective study of records of patients who were followed and registered in the TB registry programme in the health district of Gorgan, Iran from January 1, 2008, through December 31, 2017.

Results: Among 2280 TB records, 609 (26.

Identification of the classical enterotoxin genes of in various foods by multiplex PCR assay.

Background: An annual update of information about the prevalence of and staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) genes is required in every geographic area.

Aims: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of the bacterium and type of associated enterotoxin genes in different food samples, using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.

Methods: In order to achieve these goals, 310 samples, divided into three groups (dairy products, meat, and traditional sweets groups), were collected.

Synergistic Effect of Vancomycin and Some Antibacterial Agents Against Clinical Methicillin-Resistant and Sensitive Isolates.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) can be responsible for serious long-term infections. Sometimes monotherapy can be ineffective for the treatment of these infections; hence, it is hypothesized that combined drug treatment can be more potent in these cases. The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of vancomycin and eight other antibacterial agents to identify the best combination pattern in the management of MRSA.

Antimicrobial resistances, and molecular typing of Campylobacter jejuni isolates, separated from food-producing animals and diarrhea patients in Iran.

The aims of this study were to regain new epidemiology information about frequency, drug resistance rates, and typing of Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) isolates, obtained from some poultry and cattle farms, slaughterhouses, and people with diarrhea. In this regard, Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of several antibiotics and the associated antibiotic resistance genes, including tetO, tetA, cmeB, and bla were evaluated.

The high prevalence of Beijing strain at an early age and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases.

Background And Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is still responsible for a wide range of deaths worldwide. Beijing genotype is one of the most important and virulent strains in . This study was designed for determination Beijing genotypes of in Golestan province, north of Iran.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence-Associated Genes of Campylobacter spp. Isolated from Raw Milk, Fish, Poultry, and Red Meat.

This study was designed and conducted to evaluate the frequency, antimicrobial resistance, and presence of six virulence-associated genes among thermophilic Campylobacters isolated from raw milk, poultry (chicken, turkey, and duck), fish, cattle, and sheep meat. Out of 590 samples, which were recovered from different origins, 141 (23.9%) samples were positive for Campylobacters.

Molecular characterization of isolates obtained from poultry, ruminant, cats and dogs using RAPD and REP-PCR analysis.

In the present study, Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic sequence-based Polymerase Chain Reaction (REP- PCR) were used to characterize 131 isolates of originating from different healthy and diseased animal species obtained from several geographical regions of Iran. The RAPD and REP-PCR generated amplified products in the range of 300 to 3400 bp and 200 to 2850 bp, respectively. Among all of the isolates, cluster analysis revealed that 63 clusters and nine untypable isolates and 81 clusters and six untypable isolates were produced with RAPD and REP-PCR methods, respectively.

Prevalence and antibiotic resistance profile of thermophilic spp. of slaughtered cattle and sheep in Shiraz, Iran.

Although poultry meat is considered as the main source for human infections, there is limited information about non-poultry sources. The present study was aimed to investigate the prevalence and the antibiotic resistance of thermophilic spp. in fecal samples of the cattle and sheep in Shiraz, Iran.

Inhibitory effect of Zataria multiflora Boiss. essential oil, alone and in combination with monolaurin, on Listeria monocytogenes.

Listeria monocytogenes is one of the major causes of infections in developing countries. In this study, chemical composition and anti-listerial effect of the essential oil of Zataria multiflora Boiss. alone and in combination with monolaurin were evaluated at different pH values (5, 6, and 7) and temperatures (5 ˚C and 30 ˚C).