[The role of typological differences in animal behavior during the process of adaptation to extreme situations].

In relation to Cosmos experiments behavioural responses of rhesus monkeys were investigated and compared with their conditioned reflex activities. The animals with a distinct search-oriented behaviour showed a higher rate of recovery of instrumented reflexes, better stability of conditioned-reflex activities to stress-effects and a faster adaptation to them. Extreme effects associated with changes in the experimental environment and rigid fixation inhibited conditioned-reflex activities to a greater extent than strong but short-term exposures followed by tests in a normal environment.

[Characteristics of night sleep of monkeys on the ground and during space flight on "Kosmos-1667"].

The data on the sleep structure of two rhesus monkeys, Vernyi and Gordyi, during their 7-day space flight on Cosmos-1667 and a control study staged a month after recovery are discussed. Sleep structure was changed to the greatest extent the night before launch when additional stress factors were involved. During the first night in space Vernyi showed the so-called recoil effect.

[Contractile properties of muscle fibers in rats after long-term exposure to acceleration + 2Gx].

The effect of 21-day exposure to +2 Gx and +1.1 Gx on the contractile properties of different muscle groups of rat fore- and hindlimbs was examined, using glycerinated myofibers in the ATP + Ca2+ solution. It was found that the isometric contraction strength and velocity increased, the performance of the postural extensors also grew: that of the soleus m.

[Change of composition and properties of myofibrillar proteins after space flight].

Development of isometric tension in the preparations of glycerinated fibrils of different skeletal muscles in ATP + Ca2+ solution, as well as composition of muscle contractile and regulatory proteins were studied on white rats exposed on biosatellite "Kosmos-1129" for 18.5 days. Expression and trends of the changes in contractile properties of muscle preparations depend on their structural-functional specialization and biomechanical peculiarities.

[Effect of a flight on the Cosmos-936 biosatellite on the contractile properties of rat muscle fibers].

Contractile properties of glycerinated fibers of skeletal muscles of rats flown for 18.5 days on Cosmos-936 were investigated. In slow antigravitational muscles (soleus m.