Environmental and socio-economic determinants of fecal sludge emptying in Sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-sectional mixed-methods study in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.

This study sought to understand the determinants of household's choices for fecal sludge (FS) emptying to help fighting against unhygienic/unsafe practices and environmental pollution. A cross-sectional mixed study used in the municipality of Yopougon (Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire), involved surveys (559 household), and 24 semi-structured interviews. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) from logistic regressions indicated the variables significantly associated with these practices while thematic content analysis helped assessing stakeholders' perceptions.

Exploring Private Sector Engagement for Faecal Sludge Emptying and Transport Business in Khulna, Bangladesh.

In Khulna, Bangladesh, mechanical faecal sludge (FS) emptying and transport (E&T) service is provided by community development committees (CDCs) and the Khulna City Corporation (KCC). Without considering capital expenditure and depreciation, financial analysis for one year revealed that a CDC-1 m vacutug made a profit of Bangladeshi taka (BDT) 145,780 (USD $1746) whereas a KCC-2 m vacutug was in the loss of BDT 218,179 (USD $2613). There is a need to engage the private sector for sustainable service provision.

Evaluating financial sustainability along the sanitation value chain using a financial flow simulator (eSOSView™).

A majority of the world's population use onsite sanitation systems, which store or treat excreta close to where it is generated. Sludge from these systems needs to be managed through a series of stages, known as the sanitation value chain. There is a huge diversity of service providers, not only within each part of the chain, but also along the chain bridging the different components.