miR-34 as a Critical Regulator in Ovarian Cancer.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is a gynecologic disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of abnormal cells in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or peritoneum. Emerging evidence has shown the pivotal role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as miRNAs, in driving the pathogenesis of OC. miRNAs are recognized as small ncRNAs that play critical roles in regulating gene expression in normal development and in disease states, including OC.

LncRNA-mediated regulation of cisplatin response in breast cancer.

Breast cancer is a prevalent and aggressive disease characterized by high metastasis, recurrence, and mortality rates. While cisplatin is an effective chemotherapy drug, its use is limited by its toxic effects on the body. Despite advancements in therapeutic strategies, the therapeutic response is often unsatisfactory due to drug resistance, leading to poor prognosis.

Calprotectin Correlates with Reduced Level of LVEF and Occurrence of Cardiac Arrhythmia in STEMI Patients.

Background: Calprotectin is recognized as a promising prognostic as well as a diagnostic marker of cardiac disorders. In the present study, we aimed to survey the efficiency of serum calprotectin levels in anticipating the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) along with in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with ST-segment elevation (STEMI) underlying primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Materials And Methods: A total of 97 patients with STEMI participated and were evaluated for in-hospital MACE for possible correlation with serum calprotectin.

Carbon nanotubes induce cytotoxicity and apoptosis through increasing protein levels of Bax and ROS in mouse skin fibroblasts.

Background And Purpose: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a significant discovery in nanotechnology, with widespread applications in modern technology. However, there are concerns about their potential toxicity, particularly in skin cells. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which CNTs induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in mouse skin fibroblasts.

Dental pulp stem cells - A basic research and future application in regenerative medicine.

Dental pulp is a valuable and accessible source of stem cells (DPSCs) with characteristics similar to mesenchymal stem cells. DPSCs can regenerate a range of tissues and their potential for clinical application in regenerative medicine is promising. DPSCs have been found to express low levels of Class II HLA-DR (MHC) molecules, making them potential candidates for allogeneic transplantation without matching the donor's tissue.

Investigating the Effect of Aspirin on apoAI-Induced ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 Protein Expression and Cholesterol Efflux in Human Astrocytes.

Background: Neurons need a high amount of cholesterol to maintain the stability of their membrane-rich structures. Astrocytes synthesize and distribute cholesterol to neurons, and ABCA1 is a key mediator of cholesterol efflux to generate HDL for cholesterol transport in the brain. Several studies imply the effect of aspirin on ABCA1 expression in peripheral cells such as macrophages.

Phenotypic Transitions the Processes Involved in Regulation of Growth and Proangiogenic Properties of Stem Cells, Cancer Stem Cells and Circulating Tumor Cells.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial process with significance in the metastasis of malignant tumors. It is through the acquisition of plasticity that cancer cells become more mobile and gain the ability to metastasize to other tissues. The mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) is the return to an epithelial state, which allows for the formation of secondary tumors.

Insights into the Biological Properties of Prostate Cancer Stem Cells: Implications for Cancer Progression and Therapy.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second prevalent cancer in men. Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) in driving tumor initiation and metastasis of the prostate tissue. PCSCs are a rare population of cells in the prostate that possess self-renewal and differentiation capabilities, making them a potential therapeutic target for effective PCa treatment.

Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alter Metabolites of Brain Cholesterol Homeostasis in An Alzheimer's Model.

Objective: Disruption of cholesterol homeostasis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) plays a crucial role in disease pathogenesis, making it a potential therapeutic target. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promise in treating cognitive impairment and provide a novel therapeutic approach. This study aims to investigate the effects of MSCs on specific metabolites associated with brain cholesterol homeostasis in an AD rat model.

Amyloid Beta Alters the Expression of microRNAs Regulating HMGCR and ABCA1 Genes in Astrocytes of C57BL/6J Mice.

Dysregulation of brain cholesterol homeostasis causes the accumulation of extracellular protein deposits called amyloid plaques in the hippocampus which eventually leads to neuronal death, memory and learning deficits. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of beta amyloid on miRNAs regulating HMGCR and ABCA1 as cholesterol synthesis and homeostasis genes. Primary astrocytes were isolated from C57BL/6J mice, and were treated with 0.

Potential roles of lncRNA MALAT1-miRNA interactions in ocular diseases.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein coding transcripts that are longer than 200 nucleotides in length. LncRNAs are implicated in gene expression at the transcriptional, translational, and epigenetic levels, and thereby impact different cellular processes including cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and immune response. In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated the significant contribution of lncRNAs to the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases, such as stroke, heart disease, and cancer.

Signaling pathways governing the behaviors of leukemia stem cells.

Leukemia is a malignancy in the blood that develops from the lymphatic system and bone marrow. Although various treatment options have been used for different types of leukemia, understanding the molecular pathways involved in the development and progression of leukemia is necessary. Recent studies showed that leukemia stem cells (LSCs) play essential roles in the pathogenesis of leukemia by targeting several signaling pathways, including Notch, Wnt, Hedgehog, and STAT3.

Functional Roles of lncRNAs in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Review Study.

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) or recurrent miscarriage is the failure of pregnancy before 20-24 weeks that influences around 2-5% of couples. Several genetic, immunological, environmental and physical factors may influence RPL. Although various traditional methods have been used to treat post-implantation failures, identifying the mechanisms underlying RPL may improve an effective treatment.

The Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on the Osteoblastic Differentiation of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are cell populations that have the potential to proliferate and differentiate. The process of stem cell differentiation from pluripotent cells to bone cells requires general changes in their pattern of gene expression, the most well-known of which are changes in miRNA-dependent settings. Platelet-enriched plasma (PRP) releases growth factors that are mitogenic to mesenchymal cells and can accelerate the process of osteogenic differentiation.

Emerging roles of the long non-coding RNA NEAT1 in gynecologic cancers.

Gynecologic cancers are a worldwide problem among women. Recently, molecular targeted therapy opened up an avenue for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA molecules (> 200 nt) that are not translated into protein, and interact with DNA, RNA, and proteins.

Paradoxical effect of Aβ on protein levels of ABCA1 in astrocytes, microglia, and neurons isolated from C57BL/6 mice: an in vitro and in silico study to elucidate the effect of Aβ on ABCA1 in the brain cells.

Impaired cholesterol metabolism has been reported in Alzheimer's disease. Since ABCA1 is one of the main players in the brain's cholesterol homeostasis, here we used the in-vitro and in-silico experiments to investigate the effect of Aβ on ABCA1 protein levels in microglia, astrocytes, and neurons in mice. Microglia, astrocytes, and neurons were cultured and exposed to beta amyloid.

An updated review of contribution of long noncoding RNA-NEAT1 to the progression of human cancers.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) present pivotal roles in cancer tumorigenesis and progression. Recently, nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) as a lncRNA has been shown to mediate cell proliferation, migration, and EMT in tumor cells. NEAT1 by targeting several miRNAs/mRNA axes could regulate cancer cell behavior.

Circular RNAs-mediated angiogenesis in human cancers.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) as small non-coding RNAs with cell, tissue, or organ-specific expression accomplish a broad array of functions in physiological and pathological processes such as cancer development. Angiogenesis, a complicated multistep process driving a formation of new blood vessels, speeds up tumor progression by supplying nutrients as well as energy. Abnormal expression of circRNAs reported to affect tumor development through impressing angiogenesis.

Potential roles of lncRNA-XIST/miRNAs/mRNAs in human cancer cells.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that contain more than 200 nucleotides but do not code for proteins. In tumorigenesis, lncRNAs can have both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive properties. X inactive-specific transcript (XIST) is a known lncRNA that has been implicated in X chromosome silencing in female cells.

Potential roles of endothelial cells-related non-coding RNAs in cardiovascular diseases.

Endothelial dysfunction is identified by a conversion of the endothelium toward decreased vasodilation and prothrombic features and is known as a primary pathogenic incident in cardiovascular diseases. An insight based on particular and promising biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction may possess vital clinical significances. Currently, non-coding RNAs due to their participation in critical cardiovascular processes like initiation and progression have gained much attention as possible diagnostic as well as prognostic biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases.

The pathogenic roles of lncRNA-Taurine upregulated 1 (TUG1) in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a gastrointestinal tumor that develops from the colon, rectum, or appendix. The prognosis of CRC patients especially those with metastatic lesions remains unsatisfactory. Although various conventional methods have been used for the treatment of patients with CRC, the early detection and identification of molecular mechanisms associated with CRC is necessary.

Long non-coding RNAs involved in retinoblastoma.

Introduction: Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common childhood tumor that can occur in the retina and develop in a sporadic or heritable form. Although various traditional treatment options have been used for patients with RB, identifying novel strategies for childhood cancers is necessary.

Material And Methods: Recently, molecular-based targeted therapies have opened a greater therapeutic window for RB.

Signaling pathways governing glioma cancer stem cells behavior.

Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor that develops in the glial tissue. Several studies have identified that glioma cancer stem cells (GCSCs) play important roles in tumor-initiating features in malignant gliomas. GCSCs are a small population in the brain that presents an essential role in the metastasis of glioma cells to other organs.

The stem cell-specific long non-coding RNAs in leukemia.

Leukemia is defined as a heterogeneous group of hematological cancers whose prevalence is on the rise worldwide. Despite the large body of studies, the etiology of leukemia has not been fully elucidated. Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are a subpopulation of cancer cells that sustain the growth of the leukemic clone and are the main culprit for the maintenance of the neoplasm.