One-pot reaction of 3-vinylchromones, aromatic aldehydes, and ammonium acetate: an efficient approach to highly functionalized 1,6-dihydropyridine derivatives.

In this work, we present an efficient strategy for the straightforward synthesis of functionalized 1,6-dihydropyridine derivatives a three-component reaction of 3-vinylchromones, aromatic aldehydes, and ammonium acetate. A tandem procedure including NH aldimine formation/Michael-type addition/opening of the pyrone ring/isomerization/6π-electrocyclization/[1,5]-H shift allows rapid access to a series of dihydropyridines bearing an -hydroxybenzoyl and a benzoyl scaffold in good yields. Readily available precursors, simple heating conditions, and operational simplicity are some highlighted advantages of this transformation.

Enhanced antimicrobial effects of carvacrol against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains using niosome formulations.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes a wide range of infections and contributes to elevated morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Herbal compounds combined with drug delivery systems could be an effective alternative option for treating resistant bacteria. This study evaluates the antimicrobial prowess of carvacrol-loaded niosomes against MRSA strains.

Genetic analysis and association detection of agronomic traits in maize genotypes.

In maize breeding, enhancing yield through genetic insights is crucial yet challenged by the complex interplay of agronomic traits. This study utilized a diallel mating design involving nine advanced early maize lines to dissect the genetic architecture underlying key agronomic traits and their impact on yield. Over two consecutive years (2018-2019 and 2019-2020), 36 hybrids derived from these lines were grown across two locations, Karaj, Alborz, Iran and Kermanshah (2019-2020), Iran, in a randomized complete block design with three replications.

Functional and Structural Improvement of Engineered Cardiac Microtissue Using Aligned Microfilaments Scaffold.

To enhance therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases, the development of more reliable in vitro preclinical systems is imperative. These models, crucial for disease modeling and drug testing, must accurately replicate the 3D architecture of native heart tissue. In this study, we engineered a scaffold with aligned poly(lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA) microfilaments to induce cellular alignment in the engineered cardiac microtissue (ECMT).

A comprehensive scheme for power management of FC/SC/battery, and solar-roof PV source in electric vehicle systems.

This paper proposes a new energy management system to combine Fuel Cells (FC) and photovoltaic (PV) panels as primary power sources. Also, battery and Super Capacitor (SC) banks are considered as secondary energy systems. The high power density and the fast dynamics of SCs combined with the high energy density and medium dynamics of batteries would be an ideal combination for FC vehicles.

Base-Promoted One-Pot Strategy for Expeditious Assembly of Highly Functionalized Benzocoumarin Derivatives.

A versatile and atom-economic three-component reaction between 3-cyano-4-styrylcoumarins, 1,3-indandione, and aliphatic alcohols is described for synthesizing diversely multifunctionalized benzocoumarins. This strategy allows facile access to various benzocoumarins bearing an amine and a substituted benzoyl scaffold under simple heating conditions. Readily available precursors, operational simplicity, acceptable functional group tolerance, and excellent yields are some highlighted advantages of this transformation.

Adsorbent based on MOF-5/cellulose aerogel composite for adsorption of organic dyes from wastewater.

Industries persistently contribute to environmental pollution by releasing a multitude of harmful substances, including organic dyes, which represent a significant hazard to human health. As a result, the demand for effective adsorbents in wastewater treatment technology is steadily increasing so as to mitigate or eradicate these environmental risks. In response to this challenge, we have developed an advanced composite known as MOF-5/Cellulose aerogel, utilizing the Pampas plant as a natural material in the production of cellulose aerogel.

Sulfur- and DABCO-Promoted Reaction between Alkylidene Rhodanines and Isothiocyanates: Access to Aminoalkylidene Rhodanines.

In this work, an efficient sulfur- and DABCO-promoted reaction for the synthesis of aminoalkylidene rhodanines from available alkylidene rhodanines and isothiocyanates is reported. A tandem process including sulfurative annulation/ring-opening by liberation of a CS molecule/olefination allows the synthesis of aminoalkylidene rhodanines with acceptable functional group tolerance. Chemo- and stereoselectivity, operational simplicity, and synthetically useful yields are some highlighted advantages of these transformations.

An efficient and practical approach for the synthesis of indoloquinolines and indolo/pyrroloquinoxalines a Cu-catalyzed Ugi-C/Ugi--arylation sequence.

A Cu-catalyzed tandem transformation of Ugi adducts through CH/NH bond functionalization reactions was reported for synthesizing a broad spectrum of indolo/pyrrolo-[1,2-]quinoxaline-6/4-carboxamide, 7-indolo[2,3-]quinoline-6-carboxamide, and 1-(cyclohexylamino)-14-indolo[2,3-][1,4]oxazino[4,3-]quinolin-4(3)-one derivatives in moderate to excellent yields. In this protocol the Ugi condensation of aromatic aldehydes, anilines, acids, and isocyanides leads to the formation of bis-amides in methanol at room temperature. This approach employed simple reaction conditions, including Ugi product as starting material, CuI, l-proline as a ligand, and cesium carbonate, in DMSO for 8 h.

The effect of spaced E-Learning on knowledge of basic life support and satisfaction of nursing students: a quasi-experimental study.

Aim: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training is essential for all students, especially nursing students. One of the educational approaches to creating long-term learning in inclusive is spaced learning. Spaced learning consists of three or more training sessions in which information is presented over time and at intervals.

A Non-Apoptotic Pattern of Caspase-9/Caspase-3 Activation During Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Cardiomyocytes.

In vitro studies have demonstrated that the differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into cardiomyocytes requires activation of caspases through the mitochondrial pathway. These studies have relied on synthetic substrates for activity measurements, which can be misleading due to potential none-specific hydrolysis of these substrates by proteases other than caspases. Hence, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation are investigated during the differentiation of human ESCs (hESCs) by directly assessing caspase-9 and -3 cleavage.

A New Model Including AMH Cut-off Levels to Predict Post-treatment Ovarian Function in Early Breast Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) treatment decreases fertility capacity, but unnecessary fertility preservation procedures in women who would not be infertile after treatment would be a waste of time and resources and could cause the unwarranted exposure of cancer cells to exogenous sex hormones. It has been largely shown that post-treatment ovarian reserve is directly associated with pre-treatment anti-mullerian hormone levels (AMH0). A threshold for AMH0, or a model including AMH0 and patient characteristics that could distinguish the patients who will be infertile after treatments, still needs to be defined.

The fruit quality and nutrient content of kiwifruit produced by organic versus chemical fertilizers.

Background: Currently, organic farming has become a feasible approach for the production of high-quality fruits. To evaluate the response of fruit quality and mineral nutrition contents of Hayward Kiwifruit affected by different organic and inorganic fertilizers, the present study was conducted in Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Center, Iran, in 2017-2021, as a randomized block design with three replications. The studied treatments were organic fertilizers (cow, vermicompost and Azolla) and chemical fertilizers.

Three-Component Reaction between 3-Acetylcoumarins, Amines, and Elemental Sulfur: A Designed Approach to 3-Amino-4-thieno[3,2-]coumarins.

In this work, a series of novel 3-amino-4-thieno[3,2-]coumarins were designed and synthesized by a one-pot, catalyst-free, and three-component reaction of 3-acetylcoumarins with amines and elemental sulfur. Readily available starting materials, simple heating conditions, facile installation of a sulfur atom into the molecule using S as a sulfur source, acceptable functional group tolerance, and synthetically useful yields are some highlighted benefits of this process.

Two distinct protocols for the synthesis of unsymmetrical 3,4-disubstituted maleimides based on transition-metal catalysts.

Two tandem catalytic systems are described for the synthesis of novel 3,4-disubstituted maleimides using the same Ugi adducts as starting materials. 4-Aryl-3-pyrrolyl- and 4-aryl-3-indolyl-maleimides were successfully obtained a Pd(OAc)/PPh based protocol. In contrast, maleimide-fused pyrrolo and indolo[1,2-]quinolines were obtained in a complementary methodology using CuI/L-proline.

Some relevant mitigating agents of chronic aflatoxin exposure: a treatise.

Aflatoxins, a group of toxic secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus species, pose significant threats to human health due to their potent carcinogenic, mutagenic, and immunosuppressive properties. Chronic exposure to these contaminants, commonly found in staple foods such as maize and groundnuts, has been linked to an increased risk of liver cancer, growth impairment, and immune dysfunction. Several agents, such as calcium montmorillonite clay and GG, have shown promise in reducing aflatoxin bioavailability and alleviating its toxic effects.

Progenitor cell isolation from mouse epididymal adipose tissue and sequencing library construction.

Here, we present a protocol to isolate progenitor cells from mouse epididymal visceral adipose tissue and construct bulk RNA and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq) libraries. We describe steps for adipose tissue collection, cell isolation, and cell staining and sorting. We then detail procedures for both ATAC-seq and RNA sequencing library construction.

Estimation of Gas Emissions using the LandGEM Model from the Landfill of Baft County, Kerman, Iran.

Over time, waste buried in landfills produces greenhouse gases (GHG) such as methane (CH) and carbon dioxide (CO). It is essential to know and investigate the type and amount of production of these gases from landfills as well as their effects, considering the environment's vulnerability to GHG. In the present study, the gases released from the landfill of Baft county were estimated using the landfill gas emissions model (LandGEM).

Contrasting socioeconomic inequality with noncommunicable diseases: Insights from a population-based survey using the concentration index in Kong cohort study.

Background: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the major causes of mortality across the globe, which impose a substantial burden on health care systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The present study aimed to determine socioeconomic inequality in the prevalence of NCDs using the concentration index (CI).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the baseline data of the Bandar Kong cohort.

Berberine-induced glucagon-like peptide-1 and its mechanism for controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus: a comprehensive pathway review.

Introduction: A growing number of studies have thus far showed the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and the intestinal microbiome homoeostasis. As reported, the gut microflora can be significantly different in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) compared to those in healthy individuals.

Methods: The authors collected the relevant articles published until 2022 and these are carefully selected from three scientific databases based on keywords.

Novel probe based on rhodamine B and quinoline as a naked-eye colorimetric probe for dual detection of nickel and hypochlorite ions.

This work demonstrates the design and straightforward syntheses of several novel probe-based on rhodamine B and 2-mercaptoquinoline-3-carbaldehydes as a naked-eye colorimetric probe, indicating a sensitive and selective recognition towards nickel (II) with a limit of detection 0.30 μmol L (0.02 mg L).

The effect of micro-learning on trauma care knowledge and learning satisfaction in nursing students.

Background: Despite the fact that there are few formal trauma training courses for nurses, they play an important role in the care of trauma patients. This study aims to investigate the effect of micro-learning on the knowledge of managing trauma patients and learning satisfaction in nursing students.

Methods: The convenience sampling method was used to enroll 30 final-year nursing students from Alborz University of Medical Sciences in this quasi experimental One-group pretest -posttest design.

Synthesis and Fluorescence Properties of Imidazopyridine-Linked Coumarins via Tandem C(sp)-H Functionalization/Decarboxylation Reaction.

A catalyst-, oxidant-free and green synthetic route for direct access to a series of novel imidazopyridine-linked coumarins has been devised through tandem C(sp)-H functionalization/decarboxylation reaction in ethyl acetate as a sustainable medium. Moreover, the utilities of ensured products in further organic synthesis were conducted by Suzuki-Miyaura and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions. The fluorescence characteristics of the produced molecules are appropriate, and the synthesized scaffolds could promisingly garner future attention in clinical diagnostics and bioimaging research.