A Comparative Study of One-Stage Pre-pectoral Implant Breast Reconstruction With and Without Mesh.

Background Pre-pectoral implant-based breast reconstruction has become increasingly popular because it is associated with less postoperative pain and earlier recovery than traditional sub-pectoral techniques. Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) in pre-pectoral reconstruction is thought to provide additional support for the implant and improve cosmetic outcomes. However, it leads to additional costs.

AneRBC dataset: a benchmark dataset for computer-aided anemia diagnosis using RBC images.

Visual analysis of peripheral blood smear slides using medical image analysis is required to diagnose red blood cell (RBC) morphological deformities caused by anemia. The absence of a complete anaemic RBC dataset has hindered the training and testing of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for computer-aided analysis of RBC morphology. We introduce a benchmark RBC image dataset named Anemic RBC (AneRBC) to overcome this problem.

The effect of Sarcomeal® oral supplementation plus vitamin D3 on muscle parameters and metabolic factors in diabetic sarcopenia patients: study protocol of a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Diabetes is a significant risk factor for sarcopenia, a muscle dystrophy affecting older individuals. Sarcopenia management typically involves resistance exercise and oral supplements. Given the limitations of resistance training for many elderly individuals, oral supplements play a crucial role in treatment.

Human trafficking screening in Saskatoon Emergency Departments: What can be learned from high-risk patient presentations?

Objective: Studies have shown that Emergency Department physicians have little to no training in recognizing and supporting victims of human trafficking despite being uniquely situated to identify and intervene on behalf of these patients. We assessed if screening for human trafficking was being completed by emergency physicians in three Saskatoon emergency departments.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients presenting to three Saskatoon emergency departments deemed to potentially be at risk of human trafficking, based on discharge diagnosis.

Effects of cold atmospheric plasma on patulin degradation, polyphenol oxidase inactivation and other physicochemical properties of fresh-cut apple slices during storage.

Mycotoxin elimination is one of the significant concerns in the food industry. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a novel non-thermal method with high potential in this regard. This study aimed to evaluate the dielectric-barrier discharge (DBD) cold plasma effect on fresh-cut apple slices contaminated with patulin.

Enhancing biodiversity: historical ecology and biogeography of the Santa Catalina Island ground squirrel, .

People have influenced Earth's biodiversity for millennia, including numerous introductions of domestic and wild species to islands. Here, we explore the origins and ecology of the Santa Catalina Island ground squirrel (SCIGS; ), one of only five endemic terrestrial mammals found on California's Santa Catalina Island. We synthesized all records of archaeological/palaeontological SCIGS, conducted radiocarbon dating and stable isotope analysis of the potentially earliest SCIGS remains and performed genetic analysis of modern SCIGS.

Impact of postpartum physical activity on maternal depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To examine the influence of postpartum exercise on maternal depression and anxiety.

Design: Systematic review with random effects meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Data Sources: Online databases up to 12 January 2024, reference lists, recommended studies and hand searches.

Synthesis of isoniazid derivatives and evaluation of their α-chymotrypsin inhibitory effect through in silico guided in vitro studies.

Alpha-chymotrypsin is a serine protease. Its overexpression is responsible for several ailments, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, autoimmune diseases, pancreatitis, and colon cancers. Therefore, the discovery of potent α-chymotrypsin inhibitors is essential for the treatment of the aforementioned ailments.

Utilizing artificial neural network system to predict the residual valve after endoscopic posterior urethral valve ablation.

Purpose: To build, train, and assess the artificial neural network (ANN) system in estimating the residual valve rate after endoscopic valve ablation and compare the data obtained with conventional analysis.

Methods: In a retrospective cross-sectional study between June 2010 and December 2020, 144 children with a history of posterior urethral valve (PUV) who underwent endoscopic valve ablation were enrolled in the study. MATLAB software was used to design and train the network in a feed-forward backpropagation error adjustment scheme.

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia with Pulmonary Hypertension Associates with Loss of Semaphorin Signaling and Functional Decrease in FOXF1 Expression.

Lung injury in preterm infants leads to structural and functional respiratory deficits, with a risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) that in its most severe form is accompanied by pulmonary hypertension (PH). To examine cellular and molecular dynamics driving evolving BPD in humans, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of preterm infant lungs in early stages of BPD and BPD+PH compared to term infants. Analysis of the endothelium revealed a unique aberrant capillary cell-state primarily in BPD+PH marked by expression.

Correlations of spheno-occipital synchondrosis, cervical vertebrae, midpalatal suture, and third molar maturation stages.

Objectives: To estimate the joint correlations among cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM), spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS), midpalatal suture maturation (MPS), and third molar mineralization (TMM) and to assess the predictive potential of SOS on CVM and MPS.

Materials And Methods: 570 pretreatment cone-beam computed tomogram (CBCT) scans from three private practices were analyzed, and MPS, CVM, SOS, and TMM stages were categorized and recorded by two independent investigators. Intra- and inter-rater reliability tests were evaluated with weighted Cohen's kappa tests.

Muscle activity and hypoalgesia in blood flow restricted versus unrestricted effort-matched resistance exercise in healthy adults.

This study assessed muscle activity (root mean square, RMS, and median frequency, MDF) to evaluate the acute response to blood flow restriction (BFR) resistance exercise (RE) and conventional moderate intensity (MI) RE. We also performed exploratory analyses of differences based on sex and exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH). Fourteen asymptomatic individuals performed four sets of unilateral leg press with their dominant leg to volitional fatigue under two exercise conditions: BFR RE and MI RE.

Using bone mineral apparent density for BMD adjustment in chronic diseases: Thalassemia an example.

Background: Low BMD is a common problem in major thalassaemia patient, but the use of DXA in chronic disease children with smaller bones, has some problems. Utilizing bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) helps in preventing this obstacle. Testing the usefulness of this method in resolving the effects of bone size on BMD by comparing the BMD and BMAD of our thalassemics with results of our healthy ones, is our goal.

Low-frequency Motor Cortex EEG Predicts Four Rates of Force Development.

The movement-related cortical potential (MRCP) is a low-frequency component of the electroencephalography (EEG) signal that originates from the motor cortex and surrounding cortical regions. As the MRCP reflects both the intention and execution of motor control, it has the potential to serve as a communication interface between patients and neurorehabilitation robots. In this study, we investigated the EEG signal recorded centered at the Cz electrode with the aim of decoding four rates of force development (RFD) during isometric contractions of the tibialis anterior muscle.

Iran osteoporosis registry: protocol for nationwide study.

Background: Osteoporotic fractures can result in significant health complications and an increased risk of death. Registry studies could provide better treatment options and improve patient outcomes by providing useful information about the disease. The present study describes the protocol for an osteoporosis registry in Iran.

A student-led clerkship primer: a near-peer orientation to clerkship.

The transition between pre-clerkship and clerkship can be difficult for medical students. Near-peer teaching may fill knowledge gaps within curricular clerkship orientation, leveraging recent, relatable, and up-to-date experiences from near-peers. These benefits have not been formally evaluated in the context of a clerkship orientation.

Older adults use fewer muscles to overcome perturbations during a seated locomotor task.

Locomotor perturbations provide insights into humans' response to motor errors. We investigated the differences in motor adaptation and muscle cocontraction between young and older adults during perturbed-arm and -leg recumbent stepping. We hypothesized that besides prolonged adaptation due to use-dependent learning, older adults would exhibit greater muscle cocontraction than young adults in response to the perturbations.

Blood cell image segmentation and classification: a systematic review.

Background: Blood diseases such as leukemia, anemia, lymphoma, and thalassemia are hematological disorders that relate to abnormalities in the morphology and concentration of blood elements, specifically white blood cells (WBC) and red blood cells (RBC). Accurate and efficient diagnosis of these conditions significantly depends on the expertise of hematologists and pathologists. To assist the pathologist in the diagnostic process, there has been growing interest in utilizing computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) techniques, particularly those using medical image processing and machine learning algorithms.

The Lab Streaming Layer for Synchronized Multimodal Recording.

Accurately recording the interactions of humans or other organisms with their environment or other agents requires synchronized data access via multiple instruments, often running independently using different clocks. Active, hardware-mediated solutions are often infeasible or prohibitively costly to build and run across arbitrary collections of input systems. The Lab Streaming Layer (LSL) offers a software-based approach to synchronizing data streams based on per-sample time stamps and time synchronization across a common LAN.

Resilience and burnout of healthcare workers during the early COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significantly more healthcare workers (HCWs) experiencing burnout than previously. This burnout is strongly associated with low resilience. Addressing organisational stresses and the introduction of resilience training will help to reduce the proportion of HCWs experiencing this phenomenon.

Electrical storm following pregnancy in systemic scleroderma: A case report.

Introduction: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare connective tissue disease characterized by immune dysfunction, vascular damage, and fibrosis affecting the skin and multiple internal organs, such as the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. In some women with preexisting SSc, pregnancy is associated with negative maternal outcomes. Tachyarrhythmia is a common clinical manifestation of cardiovascular damage in SSc patients.

Orthodontic correction of anterior open bite using skeletal anchorage: systematic review and meta-analysis.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the scientific evidence on the short- and long-term effects of orthodontic correction of anterior open bite (AOB) using skeletal anchorage (SA). Clinical studies on the use of SA for AOB in patients with permanent dentition, or at least 12 years of age, were searched. Short- and long-term (≥2 years) outcomes were collected.