EEG-to-EEG: Scalp-to-Intracranial EEG Translation Using a Combination of Variational Autoencoder and Generative Adversarial Networks.

A generative adversarial network (GAN) makes it possible to map a data sample from one domain to another one. It has extensively been employed in image-to-image and text-to image translation. We propose an EEG-to-EEG translation model to map the scalp-mounted EEG (scEEG) sensor signals to intracranial EEG (iEEG) sensor signals recorded by foramen ovale sensors inserted into the brain.

MEMS and ECM Sensor Technologies for Cardiorespiratory Sound Monitoring-A Comprehensive Review.

This paper presents a comprehensive review of cardiorespiratory auscultation sensing devices (i.e., stethoscopes), which is useful for understanding the theoretical aspects and practical design notes.

Comparison of 3D Gradient-Echo Versus 2D Sequences for Assessing Shoulder Joint Image Quality in MRI.

Three-dimensional gradient-echo (3D-GRE) sequences provide isotropic or nearly isotropic 3D images, leading to better visualization of smaller structures, compared to two-dimensional (2D) sequences. The aim of this study was to prospectively compare 2D and 3D-GRE sequences in terms of key imaging metrics, including signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), glenohumeral joint space, image quality, artifacts, and acquisition time in shoulder joint images, using 1.5-T MRI scanner.

Synergetic effect of bioglass and nano montmorillonite on 3D printed nanocomposite of polycaprolactone/gelatin in the fabrication of bone scaffolds.

Nowadays, bone injuries and disorders have increased all over the world and can reduce the quality of human life. Bone tissue engineering repair approaches require new biomaterials and methods to construct scaffolds with the required structural properties as well as improved performance. As potential therapeutic strategies in bone tissue engineering, 3D printed scaffolds have been developed.

Causal message-passing for experiments with unknown and general network interference.

Randomized experiments are a powerful methodology for data-driven evaluation of decisions or interventions. Yet, their validity may be undermined by network interference. This occurs when the treatment of one unit impacts not only its outcome but also that of connected units, biasing traditional treatment effect estimations.

Mix and measure II: joint high-energy laboratory powder diffraction and microtomography for cement hydration studies.

Portland cements (PCs) and cement blends are multiphase materials of different fineness, and quantitatively analysing their hydration pathways is very challenging. The dissolution (hydration) of the initial crystalline and amorphous phases must be determined, as well as the formation of labile (such as ettringite), reactive (such as portlandite) and amorphous (such as calcium silicate hydrate gel) components. The microstructural changes with hydration time must also be mapped out.

Do Interictal Epileptiform Discharges and Brain Responses to Electrical Stimulation Come From the Same Location? An Advanced Source Localization Solution.

Identification of seizure sources in the brain is of paramount importance, particularly for drug-resistant epilepsy patients who may require surgical operation. Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs), which may or may not be frequent, are known to originate from seizure networks. Delayed responses (DRs) to brain electrical stimulation have been recently discovered.

Enhanced Myocardial Tissue Visualization: A Comparative Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Study of Gradient-Spin Echo-STIR and Conventional STIR Imaging.

Purpose: This study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy of the gradient-spin echo- (GraSE-) based short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequence (GraSE-STIR) in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging compared to the conventional turbo spin echo- (TSE-) based STIR sequence, specifically focusing on image quality, specific absorption rate (SAR), and image acquisition time.

Methods: In a prospective study, we examined forty-four normal volunteers and seventeen patients referred for CMR imaging using conventional STIR and GraSE-STIR techniques. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), image quality, signal intensity (SI) ratio, SAR, and image acquisition time were compared between both sequences.

Predictive factors of thoracic aortic calcification in patients candidate for cardiac surgery.

Background: The presence of the severe thoracic aortic calcification (TAC) in cardiac surgery patients is associated with adverse post-operative outcome. However, the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and aortic plaque burden remains unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the predictive factors of TAC in patients candidate for cardiac surgery.

Short and mid-term outcomes of valve-sparing, aortic root reimplantation (David's procedure).

Background: In the current study, we aimed to report the short- and mid-term outcomes of patients undergoing valve-sparing aortic root reimplantation (VSARR) and our center's experience with the procedure.

Methods: Forty patients with aortic root aneurysms underwent VSARR at our center from 2010 until 2022. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of these patients and extracted the relevant data.

Formulation of Common Spatial Patterns for Multi-Task Hyperscanning BCI.

This work proposes a new formulation for common spatial patterns (CSP), often used as a powerful feature extraction technique in brain-computer interfacing (BCI) and other neurological studies. In this approach, applied to multiple subjects' data and named as hyperCSP, the individual covariance and mutual correlation matrices between multiple simultaneously recorded subjects' electroencephalograms are exploited in the CSP formulation. This method aims at effectively isolating the common motor task between multiple heads and alleviate the effects of other spurious or undesired tasks inherently or intentionally performed by the subjects.

A review of signal processing and machine learning techniques for interictal epileptiform discharge detection.

Brain interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs), as one of the hallmarks of epileptic brain, are transient events captured by electroencephalogram (EEG). IEDs are generated by seizure networks, and they occur between seizures (interictal periods). The development of a robust method for IED detection could be highly informative for clinical treatment procedures and epileptic patient management.

The Role of Improved Motion-Sensitized Driven Equilibrium Blood Suppression and Fat Saturation on T Relaxation Time, Using GraSE Sequence in Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Background: T mapping is a valuable technique in cardiac MR imaging that offers insights into the microstructural characteristics of myocardial tissue. However, it was shown that myocardial T relaxation times (T) measured vary significantly depending on sequence, sequence parameters, and field strength.

Purpose: To assess T variability and image quality in cardiac T maps using four variants of the gradient-spin echo (GraSE) sequence, having different methods of blood signal suppression (double inversion recovery (DIR) and improved motion-sensitized driven equilibrium (iMSDE) and with and without the addition of fat saturation (FS).

Dietary inflammatory index in relation to severe coronary artery disease in Iranian adults.

Background: Limited findings are available on the relationship between dietary inflammation index (DII) and severe coronary artery disease (CAD). Considering the high prevalence of CAD and its complications, we examined the relationship between DII and CAD.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 275 adults who underwent elective angiography.

Localization of Epileptic Brain Responses to Single-Pulse Electrical Stimulation by Developing an Adaptive Iterative Linearly Constrained Minimum Variance Beamformer.

Delayed responses (DRs) to single pulse electrical stimulation (SPES) in patients with severe refractory epilepsy, from their intracranial recordings, can help to identify regions associated with epileptogenicity. Automatic DR localization is a large step in speeding up the identification of epileptogenic focus. Here, for the first time, an adaptive iterative linearly constrained minimum variance beamformer (AI-LCMV) is developed and employed to localize the DR sources from intracranial electroencephalogram (EEG) recorded using subdural electrodes.

The relationship between ultra processed food consumption and premature coronary artery disease: Iran premature coronary artery disease study (IPAD).

Background: Ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption may affect the risk of PCAD through affecting cardio metabolic risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate the association between UPFs consumption and premature coronary artery disease (PCAD).

Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 2,354 Iranian adults (≥ 19 years).

Trends in the burden and determinants of hypertensive heart disease in the Eastern Mediterranean region, 1990-2019: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: Hypertensive heart disease (HHD), one of the end-organ damage consequences of hypertension, is an important public health issue worldwide. Data on the HHD burden in the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR) are scarce. We aimed to investigate the burden of HHD in the EMR, its member countries, and globally from 1990 to 2019.

Genetic variation in salt taste receptors impact salt intake and blood pressure.

So far, few studies have examined the effect of salt taste receptors genetic variation on dietary intake in the Iranian population. We aimed to evaluate associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in salt taste receptors' genes with dietary salt intake and blood pressure. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 116 randomly selected healthy adults aged ≥ 18 in Isfahan, Iran.

The relationship between cardiological parameters and PCR in patients with coronavirus infection: A cross-sectional study.

Cardiovascular injuries induced by SARS CoV-2 have been reported repeatedly in various studies. Therefore, it is necessary to understand cardiac complications at a low cost, quickly. This study aimed to determine the relationship between cardiological parameters and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in patients with coronavirus infection.

The Association of Coronary Artery Calcium Score and Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The association between osteoporosis, a common metabolic bone disorder, and atherosclerosis has been reported in different studies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between the coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and bone mineral density (BMD) at different sites and bone biomarkers in postmenopausal women.

Methods: A total of 184 participants were enrolled in this study.

Separating Inhibitory and Excitatory Responses of Epileptic Brain to Single-Pulse Electrical Stimulation.

To enable an accurate recognition of neuronal excitability in an epileptic brain for modeling or localization of epileptic zone, here the brain response to single-pulse electrical stimulation (SPES) has been decomposed into its constituent components using adaptive singular spectrum analysis (SSA). Given the response at neuronal level, these components are expected to be the inhibitory and excitatory components. The prime objective is to thoroughly investigate the nature of delayed responses (elicited between 100[Formula: see text]ms-1 s after SPES) for localization of the epileptic zone.

Extraction of discriminative features from EEG signals of dyslexic children; before and after the treatment.

Dyslexia is a neurological disorder manifested as difficulty reading and writing. It can occur despite adequate instruction, intelligence, and intact sensory abilities. Different electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns have been demonstrated between dyslexic and healthy subjects in previous studies.

Comparison of conventional scoring systems to machine learning models for the prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography.

Background: The study aims to compare the prognostic performance of conventional scoring systems to a machine learning (ML) model on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to discriminate between the patients with and without major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and to find the most important contributing factor of MACE.

Materials And Methods: From November to December 2019, 500 of 1586 CCTA scans were included and analyzed, then six conventional scores were calculated for each participant, and seven ML models were designed. Our study endpoints were all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, late coronary revascularization, and hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure.