Spinal intradural microsurgery in a nascent neurosurgical department: Lessons learned from the first 25 cases.

Background: Between 2017 and 2021, the newly established Department of Neurosurgery at Shaare Zedek Medical Center in Jerusalem, a high volume metropolitan hospital, operated on 25 intradural lesions in 24 patients (one patient had multiple tumors). In this retrospective study, we review results and lessons learned as experienced surgeons opened a new service line.

Methods: A multidisciplinary team was assembled and led by experienced neurosurgeons with skills in both microneurosurgery and complex spine care.

Parallel regulation of thyroid hormone transporters OATP1c1 and MCT8 during and after endotoxemia at the blood-brain barrier of male rodents.

There is increasing evidence that local thyroid hormone (TH) availability changes profoundly in inflammatory conditions due to altered expression of deiodinases that metabolize TH. It is largely unknown, however, how inflammation affects TH availability via the expression of TH transporters. In this study we examined the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration on two TH transporters that are critically important for brain TH homeostasis, organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1c1 (OATP1c1), and monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8).

Inflammation-inducible type 2 deiodinase expression in the leptomeninges, choroid plexus, and at brain blood vessels in male rodents.

Thyroid hormone regulates immune functions and has antiinflammatory effects. In promoter assays, the thyroid hormone-activating enzyme, type 2 deiodinase (D2), is highly inducible by the inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor-κ B (NF-κB), but it is unknown whether D2 is induced in a similar fashion in vivo during inflammation. We first reexamined the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on D2 expression and NF-κB activation in the rat and mouse brain using in situ hybridization.

Contribution of TNF-alpha and nuclear factor-kappaB signaling to type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase activation in the mediobasal hypothalamus after lipopolysaccharide administration.

To determine whether signaling through TNF and/or nuclear factor-kappaB contributes to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced activation of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (D2) in tanycytes lining the floor and infralateral walls of the third ventricle, the effect of a TNF antagonist on D2 gene expression and LPS-induced Ikappa-Balpha expression in tanycytes were studied. Animals treated with soluble, rat, polyethylene glycol-conjugated TNF receptor type 1 (4 mg/kg body weight) before a single ip injection of LPS showed a significant reduction in circulating IL-6 levels but no effect on LPS-induced D2 mRNA in the majority of tanycytes with the exception of a subpopulation of alpha tanycytes in the wall of the third ventricle. LPS induced a rapid increase in Ikappa-Balpha mRNA in the pars tuberalis and a delayed response in alpha tanycytes but absent in all other tanycyte subsets.