Identification of CD5/SOX11 double-negative pleomorphic mantle cell lymphoma.

Cyclin D1 protein-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has an immunophenotype of CD5(-) cyclin D1(+) SOX11(-), and most cases lack a CCND1 rearrangement and have a gene expression profile of DLBCL. Rarely, cyclin D1 protein-positive DLBCL harbors a CCND1 rearrangement, and some genetic copy number features typical of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) have been detected. Since gene expression studies have not been performed, whether such CCND1-rearranged cases represent cyclin D1 protein-positive DLBCL or CD5/SOX11 double-negative pleomorphic MCL remains unclear.

Integration of the cancer cell secretome and transcriptome reveals potential noninvasive diagnostic markers for bladder cancer.

Purpose: Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a major cancer of the genitourinary system. Although cystoscopy is the standard protocol for diagnosing BLCA clinically, this procedure is invasive and expensive. Several urine-based markers for BLCA have been identified and investigated, but none has shown sufficient sensitivity and specificity.

Deep Learning-Based Nuclear Morphometry Reveals an Independent Prognostic Factor in Mantle Cell Lymphoma.

Blastoid/pleomorphic morphology is associated with short survival in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), but its prognostic value is overridden by Ki-67 in multivariate analysis. Herein, a nuclear segmentation model was developed using deep learning, and nuclei of tumor cells in 103 MCL cases were automatically delineated. Eight nuclear morphometric attributes were extracted from each nucleus.

Factors Associated with Axillary Lymph Node Status in Clinically Node-Negative Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Adequate axillary lymph node (ALN) staging is critical for patients with invasive breast cancer. However, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) was associated with a lower risk of ALN metastasis compared with those who underwent primary surgery among clinically node-negative (cN0) patients. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with ALN status among patients with cN0 breast cancer undergoing NAC.

The clinical relevance of humoral immune responses to Globo H-KLH vaccine adagloxad simolenin (OBI-822)/OBI-821 and expression of Globo H in metastatic breast cancer.

An international randomized phase II trial of Globo H (GH) vaccine, adagloxad simolenin/OBI-821 in 349 patients with metastatic breast cancer showed longer progression-free survival (PFS) in vaccinated patients who developed anti-Globo H (anti-GH) IgG than those who did not and the placebo group. The impacts of anti-GH IgM and GH expression on peak anti-GH IgG and clinical outcome were further evaluated. The titers of anti-GH IgG and IgM were determined by ELISA.

MicroRNAs as Predictors of Future Uterine Malignancy in Endometrial Hyperplasia without Atypia.

The histological criteria for classifying endometrial hyperplasia (EH) are based on architectural crowding and nuclear atypia; however, diagnostic agreement among pathologists is poor. We investigated molecular biomarkers of endometrial cancer (EC) risk in women with simple hyperplasia or complex hyperplasia without atypia (SH/CH-nonA). Forty-nine patients with EC preceded by SH/CH-nonA were identified, of which 23 were excluded (15 with complex atypical hyperplasia (CAH), six not consenting, one with a diagnosis <6 months prior, and one lost to follow-up).

Prenatal Diagnosis of Placental Mesenchymal Dysplasia with 46, X, Isochromosome Xq/45, X Mosaicism.

Placental mesenchymal dysplasia is an uncommon vascular anomaly of the placenta with characteristics of placentomegaly and multicystic appearance and with or without association with fetal chromosomal anomaly. We present a unique placental mesenchymal dysplasia patient with amniotic fluid karyotyping as 46, X, iso(X) (q10). Detailed molecular testing of the amniotic fluid, fetal cord blood, non-dysplastic placenta and dysplastic placenta was conducted after termination of pregnancy, from which we proved biparental/androgenetic (46, X, i(X) (q10)/45, X) mosaicism in different gestational tissues.

Nodular mass-A case of auricular schwannoma.

Schwannomas are benign tumors derived from the sheath of Schwann cells. Though it is common to see schwannomas in the head and neck region, auricular schwannomas are rare and only few cases have been reported. There are no distinguishing clinical findings or images; therefore, the histopathological diagnosis is mandatory.

Contrast-Enhanced Mammographic Features of In Situ and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Manifesting Microcalcifications Only: Help to Predict Underestimation?

Background: The contrast-enhanced mammographic features of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) manifesting microcalcifications only on mammograms were evaluated to determine whether they could predict IDC underestimation.

Methods: We reviewed patients who underwent mammography-guided biopsy on suspicious breast microcalcifications only and received contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) within 2 weeks before the biopsy. Those patients who were proven to have cancers (DCIS or IDC) by biopsy and subsequently had surgical treatment in our hospital were included for analysis.

Discrepancy of Breast and Axillary Pathologic Complete Response and Outcomes in Different Subtypes of Node-positive Breast Cancer after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Few studies have analyzed the discrepancy between breast pathologic complete response (B-pCR) and axillary node pCR (N-pCR) rates and their impact on survival outcomes in different intrinsic subtypes of early breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). We retrospectively reviewed B-pCR, N-pCR, and total (breast and axillary node) pCR (T-pCR) after NAC to assess the discrepancy and outcomes between 2005 and 2017. A total of 968 patients diagnosed with cT1-4c, N1-2, and M0 breast cancer were enrolled in the study.

Prediction of Myometrial Invasion in Stage I Endometrial Cancer by MRI: The Influence of Surgical Diagnostic Procedure.

Young women with endometrial cancer (EC) can choose fertility-sparing treatment for stage 1A disease without myometrial invasion (MI). The surgical diagnostic procedure (SDP) may affect the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess MI. Here, we evaluated different SDP and compared the MI on MRI results with further pathologic results after hysterectomy.

Identification of nodal micrometastasis in colorectal cancer using deep learning on annotation-free whole-slide images.

Detection of nodal micrometastasis (tumor size: 0.2-2.0 mm) is challenging for pathologists due to the small size of metastatic foci.

Development of a Multi-Institutional Prediction Model for Three-Year Survival Status in Patients with Uterine Leiomyosarcoma (AGOG11-022/QCGC1302 Study).

Background: The existing staging systems of uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) cannot classify the patients into four non-overlapping prognostic groups. This study aimed to develop a prediction model to predict the three-year survival status of uLMS.

Methods: In total, 201 patients with uLMS who had been treated between June 1993 and January 2014, were analyzed.

Neutrophil elastase inhibitor (MPH-966) improves intestinal mucosal damage and gut microbiota in a mouse model of 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis.

Background: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy is first-line chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. However, 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis (FUIIM) is a common adverse effect that severely impairs drug tolerance and results in poor patient health.

Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were given 5-FU (50 mg/kg/day, i.

The association between immune-related adverse events and survival outcomes in Asian patients with advanced melanoma receiving anti-PD-1 antibodies.

Background: The association between immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and survival outcomes in patients with advanced melanoma receiving therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has not been well established, particularly in Asian melanoma.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 49 melanoma patients undergoing therapy with ICIs (anti-PD-1 monotherapy), and analyzed the correlation between irAEs and clinical outcomes including progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results: Overall, the patients who experienced grade 1-2 irAEs had longer PFS (median PFS, 4.

Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Breast.

Background: Contrast-enhanced spectral mammogram (CESM) is a modern technique providing additional information to detect or diagnose breast cancers.

Introduction: We present a rare ACC of the breast on CESM.

Methods: A 49-year-old woman with surgicopathological proved ACC was reported with tumor features on CESM, sonography and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI).

Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Underestimation of Microcalcifications Only by Stereotactic Vacuum-Assisted Breast Biopsy: A New Predictor of Specimens without Microcalcifications.

The mammographic appearance of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is mostly observed as microcalcifications. Although stereotactic vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB) is a reliable alternative to surgical biopsy for suspicious microcalcifications, underestimation of VABB-proven DCIS is inevitable in clinical practice. We therefore retrospectively analyzed the variables in the prediction of DCIS underestimation manifesting as microcalcifications only proved by stereotactic VABB.

2-O-Methylmagnolol, a Magnolol Derivative, Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via Inhibiting Class I Histone Deacetylase Expression.

is widely used in Southeast Asian countries for the treatment of fever, headache, diarrhea, and stroke. Magnolol is a phenolic compound extracted from , with proven antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. In this study, we modified magnolol to synthesize a methoxylated derivative, 2-O-methylmagnolol (MM1), and investigated the use of MM1, and magnolol in the treatment of liver cancer.

Impact of Non-Calcified Specimen Pathology on the Underestimation of Malignancy for the Incomplete Retrieval of Suspicious Calcifications Diagnosed as Flat Epithelial Atypia or Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia by Stereotactic Vacuum-Assisted Breast Biopsy.

Objective: Stereotactic vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB) is considered a reliable alternative to surgical biopsy for suspicious calcifications. In most cases, the management of flat epithelial atypia (FEA) and atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) after VABB with residual calcifications requires surgical excision. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of pathology of non-calcified specimens on the underestimation of malignancy.

Globo H-KLH vaccine adagloxad simolenin (OBI-822)/OBI-821 in patients with metastatic breast cancer: phase II randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Purpose: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, phase II trial assessed the efficacy and safety of adagloxad simolenin (OBI-822; a Globo H epitope covalently linked to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)) with adjuvant OBI-821 in metastatic breast cancer (MBC).

Methods: At 40 sites in Taiwan, USA, Korea, India, and Hong Kong, patients with MBC of any molecular subtype and ≤2 prior progressive disease events with stable/responding disease after the last anticancer regimen were randomized (2:1) to adagloxad simolenin (AS/OBI-821) or placebo, subcutaneously for nine doses with low-dose cyclophosphamide. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS).

Synergistic effects of pazopanib and hyperthermia against uterine leiomyosarcoma growth mediated by downregulation of histone acetyltransferase 1.

Pazopanib-a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with prominent antiangiogenic effects-has shown promise in the treatment of soft-tissue sarcomas. Hyperthermia has been also applied as an adjunctive treatment to chemotherapy for these malignancies. Here, we show that pazopanib and hyperthermia act synergistically in inhibiting uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) cell growth.

Hydroxygenkwanin Inhibits Class I HDAC Expression and Synergistically Enhances the Antitumor Activity of Sorafenib in Liver Cancer Cells.

Abnormal histone deacetylase (HDAC) expression is closely related to cancer development and progression. Many HDAC inhibitors have been widely used in cancer treatment; however, severe side effects often limit their clinical application. In this study, we attempted to identify natural compounds with HDAC inhibitory activity and low physiological toxicity and explored their feasibility and mechanisms of action in liver cancer treatment.

Successful Identification of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Nasopharyngeal Biopsies Using Deep Learning.

Pathologic diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) can be challenging since most cases are nonkeratinizing carcinoma with little differentiation and many admixed lymphocytes. Our aim was to evaluate the possibility to identify NPC in nasopharyngeal biopsies using deep learning. A total of 726 nasopharyngeal biopsies were included.

Preoperative assessment of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography of diagnosed breast cancers after sonographic biopsy: Correlation to contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and 5-year postoperative follow-up.

To assess the feasibility of using contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) for operative planning of patients with breast cancers who were initially diagnosed by sonographic guided biopsy.With the approval of the Institutional Review Board of our hospital, we retrospectively reviewed the data on patients with breast cancers who underwent CESM and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) prior to operation and were followed up for at least 5 years postoperatively. The patients with breast cancer diagnosed by sonographic guided biopsy without mammography were included for analysis.