Intelligent, Flexible Artificial Throats with Sound Emitting, Detecting, and Recognizing Abilities.

In recent years, there has been a notable rise in the number of patients afflicted with laryngeal diseases, including cancer, trauma, and other ailments leading to voice loss. Currently, the market is witnessing a pressing demand for medical and healthcare products designed to assist individuals with voice defects, prompting the invention of the artificial throat (AT). This user-friendly device eliminates the need for complex procedures like phonation reconstruction surgery.

Constructing Active Cu-O-Fe Sites at the CuO-FeO Interface to Promote Activation of Surface Lattice Oxygen.

Activating surface lattice oxygen (O) through the modulation of metal-oxygen bond strength has proven to be an effective route for facilitating the catalytic degradation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Although this strategy has been implemented the construction of the TM-O-TM (TM represents a transition metal) structure in various reactions, the underlying principle requires exploration when using different TMs. Herein, the Cu-O-Fe structure was created by developing CuO-FeO composites with enhanced interfacial effect, which exhibited superior catalytic activity to their counterparts, with (the temperature of toluene conversion reaching 90%) decreasing by approximately 50 °C.

Washout-Resistant, pH-Responsive Anti-TMV Nanoimmune Inducer Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals.

The application of antiplant virus agents on leaf surfaces faces challenges due to their vulnerability to wear, instability, and limited duration, which in turn jeopardizes plant health and yield. In recent years, high-aspect-ratio nanomaterials have gained prominence as powerful carriers for disease treatment, thanks to their exceptional penetrability and precise drug delivery capabilities. Here, we synthesized a pH-responsive nanoimmune inducer (CNC-AMO) with strong leaf adhesion through a Schiff base reaction, achieved by grafting amino-oligosaccharides (AMOs) on the surface of aldehyde-based CNC (CNC-CHO).

Comparing the antibacterial activity of chitin nanocrystals with chitin: exploring the feasibility of chitin nanocrystals as novel pesticide nanocarriers in agriculture.

Background: In recent years, nanomaterials-based pesticide carriers have garnered significant attention and sparked extensive research. However, most studies have primarily focused on investigating the impact of physical properties of nanomaterials, such as size and modifiable sites, on drug delivery efficiency of nano-pesticides. The limited exploration of biologically active nanomaterials poses a significant obstacle to the advancement and widespread adoption of nano-pesticides.

Synthesis of chitin nanocrystals supported Zn with high activity against tobacco mosaic virus.

Chitin is a kind of natural nitrogenous organic polysaccharide. It contains antibacterial and antiviral properties, and it can induce plant disease resistance and promote plant growth. However, its application is constrained due to its insolubility and intricate molecular structure.

(1R,3S)-THCCA-Asn: To show the discovery of selective inhibitor of thrombin by successfully combining virtual screening and biological assay.

Thrombin is the most potent platelet aggregator. To discover the selective inhibitor of thrombin that is important to curing platelet aggregation-related diseases, docking experiments were performed to dock (1R,3S)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3- carboxylic acid, [(1R,3S)-THCCA], and (1S,3S)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3- carboxylic acid, [(1S,3S)-THCCA], into the p pocket of bovine thrombin. The ideal match supported that (1R,3S)-THCCA could be used as a potential lead compound.

Exploring the action of RGDV-gemcitabine on tumor metastasis, tumor growth and possible action pathway.

The coupling of Arg-Gly-Asp-Val (RGDV) and gemcitabine led to a hypothesis that the conjugate (RGDV-gemcitabine) could inhibit tumor metastasis. To confirm this hypothesis the activities of RGDV-gemcitabine inhibiting tumor metastasis in vitro and in vivo were presented for the first time. AFM (atomic force microscopy) imaged that RGDV-gemcitabine was able to adhere onto the surface of serum-starved A549 cells, to block the extending of the pseudopodia.

Discovery of novel (6S/12aS)-heptachpyridone capable of inhibiting thrombosis in vivo.

The in vitro conversion of (1S,3S)-1-dimethoxylethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid, (1S,3S)-DCCA, in rat plasma is monitored by HPLC-FT-ICR-MS. We show that the in vitro conversion of (1S,3S)-DCCA in rat plasma for 1 h leads to forming (6S/12aS)-bisdimethoxyethylheptachpyridone, reflecting intermolecular condensation of (1S,3S)-DCCA, and the in vitro conversion of (6S/12aS)-bisdimethoxyethylheptachpyridone in rat plasma for 1 h leads to forming (6S/12aS)-heptachpyridone, reflecting hydrolysis of (6S/12aS)-bisdimethoxyethylheptachpyridone. At a dose of 1.

Development of 13-Cys-BBR as an Agent Having Dual Action of Anti-Thrombosis and Anti-Inflammation.

Background: There is a correlation between tumor and inflammation. The activity of 13-[CHCO-Cys(Bzl)-OBzl]-berberine (13-Cys-BBR) slowing tumor growth is higher than that of BBR. Whether the anti-inflammation activity of 13-Cys-BBR is higher than that of BBR remains unknown.

Modifying ICCA with Trp-Phe-Phe to Enhance in vivo Activity and Form Nano-Medicine.

Background: 1-(4-isopropylphenyl)-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (ICCA) was modified by Trp-Phe-Phe to form 1-(4-isopropylphenyl)-β-carboline-3-carbonyl-Trp-Phe-Phe (ICCA-WFF).

Purpose: The object of preparing ICCA-WFF was to enhance the in vivo efficacy of ICCA, to explore the possible targeting action, and to visualize the nano-feature.

Methods: The advantages of ICCA-WFF over ICCA were demonstrated by a series of in vivo assays, such as anti-tumor assay, anti-arterial thrombosis assay, anti-venous thrombosis assay, P-selectin expression assay, and GPIIb/IIIa expression assay.

13-[CHCO-Cys-(Bzl)-OBzl]-Berberine: Exploring The Correlation Of Anti-Tumor Efficacy With ROS And Apoptosis Protein.

Background: The discovery of novel derivative of berberine (BBR) having higher anti-tumor activity in vivo is of clinical importance. In this profile, 13-[CHCO-Cys-(Bzl)-OBzl]-berberine (13-Cys-BBR) was prepared for related assays.

Purpose: The object of preparation and evaluation is to show the advantages of 13-Cys-BBR over BBR in both in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor actions, furthermore to correlate the proliferation of cancer cells with ROS formation and anti-apoptosis protein (XIAP) expression inside cancer cells.

RGDV-modified gemcitabine: a nano-medicine capable of prolonging half-life, overcoming resistance and eliminating bone marrow toxicity of gemcitabine.

Background: Gemcitabine has been widely used as a chemotherapeutic drug. However, drug resistance, short half-life and side effects seriously decrease its chemotherapeutic efficacy.

Purpose: The object of preparing RGDV-gemcitabine was to prolong the half-life, to overcome drug resistance and to eliminate bone marrow toxicity of gemcitabine.

Nano-scaled MTCA-KKV: for targeting thrombus, releasing pharmacophores, inhibiting thrombosis and dissolving blood clots in vivo.

Background: In vitro (1R,3S)-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxyl-Lys(Pro-Ala-Lys)-Arg-Gly-Asp-Val (MTCA-KKV) adheres activated platelets, targets P-selectin and GPIIb/IIIa. This led to the development of MTCA-KKV as thrombus targeting nano-medicine.

Methods: MTCA-KKV was characterized by nano-feature, anti-thrombotic activity, thrombolytic activity, thrombus target and targeting release.

BCESA: a nano-scaled intercalator capable of targeting tumor tissue and releasing anti-tumoral β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid.

In the discovery of DNA intercalators, β-carbolines compose one member of the most interesting alkaloid family and are of clinical importance. In the efforts, N-(3-benzyloxycarbonyl-β-carboline-1-yl)ethyl-Ser-Ala-OBzl (BCESA) was designed as a nano-scaled DNA intercalator without Dox-like toxicity. Based on the structural analysis and CDOCKER energy comparison, BCESA was rationally designed as such a nano-scaled intercalator.

Dimethyl 2,2'-[2,2'-(ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(1-indole-3,2-diyl)]-diacetate: a small molecule capable of nano-scale assembly, inhibiting venous thrombosis and inducing no bleeding side effect.

Background: Due to the discovery that deep venous thrombosis (DVT) inhibitor is of chemotherapeutic importance, the nano-property of dimethyl 2,2'-[2,2'-(ethane-1,1-diyl) bis(1-indole-3,2-diyl)]-diacetate (DEBIC), a recently reported antitumor agent, is worthy of characterization.

Materials And Methods: One-pot reaction was used to prepare DEBIC. Electrospray Ionization (+/-)-Fourier Transform-Ion Cyclotron Resonance-Mass Spectrometer (ESI(+/-)-FT-ICR-MS), quadrupole Collision Induced Dissociation (qCID) and nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy spectra were used to present the assembly of DEBIC.

Discovery of DEBIC to correlate P-selectin inhibition and DNA intercalation in cancer therapy and complicated thrombosis.

Arterial thrombosis is one of the major complications of cancer and can seriously worsen the prognosis of the patients. These clinical findings encouraged this paper to correlate P-selectin inhibition and DNA intercalation in cancer therapy and complicated thrombosis. By designing and docking 12 derivatives of bisindole- 2-carboxylic acids into the active sites of P-selectin and d(CGATCG) 9 derivatives were assigned to receive anti-tumor assay, and finally provided dimethyl 2,2'-[(2,2'-(ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(1-indole-3,2-diyl)]diacetate (DEBIC) to receive assays.

Design and development of ICCA as a dual inhibitor of GPIIb/IIIa and P-selectin receptors.

Background: The impact of upregulation of platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP)IIb/IIIa and P-selectin on the onset of arterial thrombosis, venous thrombosis, and cancer encourages to hypothesize that dual inhibitor of GPIIb/IIIa and P-selectin receptors should simultaneously inhibit arterial thrombosis, block venous thrombosis, and slow tumor growth.

Methods: For this reason, the structural characteristics and the CDOCKER interaction energies of 12 carbolines were analyzed. This led to the design of 1-(4-isopropyl-phenyl)--carboline-3-carboxylic acid (ICCA) as a promising inhibitor of GPIIb/IIIa and P-selectin receptors.

Heptapeptide-based modification leading to enhancing the action of MTCA on activated platelets, P-selectin, GPIIb/IIIa.

Aim: The modification of platelet inhibitor to enhance its targeting capacity toward platelets is of clinical importance. Thus, (1R, 3S)-1-methyl-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (MTCA), a platelet inhibitor, was modified with Lys(Pro-Ala-Lys)-Arg-Gly-Asp-Val (KKV), platelet targeting peptide, to form MTCA-KKV.

Materials & Methods: MTCA and MTCA-KKV were synthesized to identify the effect of KKV modification on MTCA and platelets.

Design and synthesis of nanoscaled IQCA-TAVV as a delivery system capable of antiplatelet activation, targeting arterial thrombus and releasing IQCA.

Background: Arterial thrombosis has been associated with a series of pathological conditions, and the discovery of arterial thrombosis inhibitor is of clinical importance.

Methods: By analyzing the pharmacophores of anti-platelet agents, thrombus targeting peptide and anti-thrombotic nano-systems 3S-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquino-line-3-carbonyl-Thr-Ala-Arg-Gly-Asp(Val)-Val (IQCA-TAVV) was designed and prepared as a nano-scaled arterial thrombosis inhibitor.

Results: In vitro the nanoparticles of IQCA-TAVV were able to adhere onto the surface of activated platelets, attenuate activated platelets to extend pseudopodia and inhibit activated platelets to form aggregators.

Docking of THPDTPI: to explore P-selectin as a common target of anti-tumor, anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory agent.

The impact of soluble P-selectin on tumor growth, thrombosis and inflammation has been individually documented. Whether the down-regulation of P-selectin expression can simultaneously slow the tumor growth, inhibit the thrombosis and attenuate the inflammatory response remains unknown. In this context, (2'S,5'S)- tetrahydropyrazino[1',2':1,6]-di{2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1-pyrido[3,4-b]indole}-1',4'-dione (THPDTPI) was designed as an inhibitor of P-selectin.

IQCA-TAVV: To explore the effect of P-selectin, GPIIb/IIIa, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8 on deep venous thrombosis.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) associates with considerable morbidity, functional disability and mortality. Due to the lack of suitable inhibitor the correlation of various factors in DVT onset remains unknown. In this context we analyzed the structure of anti-platelet aggregation agent, P-selectin down-regulator, GPIIb/IIIa down-regulator and anti-inflammatory agent, thereby designed N-(3S-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carbonyl)- Thr-Ala-Arg-Gly-Asp(Val)-Val (IQCA-TAVV) as an inhibitor of DVT to receive evaluations.

Docking based design of diastereoisomeric MTCA as GPIIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor.

In GPIIb/IIIa mediated arterial thrombosis platelet activation plays a central role. To discover platelet activation inhibitor the pharmacophores of GPIIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors and anti-thrombotic agents were analyzed. This led to the design of (1R,3S)- and (1S,3S)-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acids as GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors.

ATIQCTPC targeting MMP-9: a key step to slowing primary tumor growth and inhibiting metastasis of lewis lung carcinoma .

In this study we docked (6S)-3-acetyl-4-oxo-N-(2-(3,4,5,6-zetrahydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxamido)ethyl)-4,6,7,12-tetrahydroindolo[2,3-a]quinolizine-6-carbo-xamide (ATIQCTPC) towards the active site of MMP-9, and showed that ATIQCTPC was able to effectively decrease the level of MMP-9 in the serum and the primary tumor of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) implanted C57BL/6 mice. As a MMP-9 inhibitor, ATIQCTPC inhibited the metastasis of LLC, and slowed the growth of the primary tumor of LLC implanted C57BL/6 in mice. The activities of ATIQCTPC to inhibit the ear edema and to decrease the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-8 of the mice treated with xylene were explored.

ATIQCTPC: a nanomedicine capable of targeting tumor and blocking thrombosis in vivo.

To overcome the harmful side effects, low tolerance, and undesirable outcomes of the anticancer drugs, we used ethane-1,2-diamine to bridge antitumoral ()-3-acetyl-4-oxo-tetrahydroindolo[2,3-a]quinolizine-6-carboxylic acid (ATIQC) and tumor-targeting d-glucuronic acid, thereby providing (6)-3-acetyl-4-oxo--(2-(3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxamido)ethyl)-4,6,7,12-tetrahydroindolo[2,3-a]quinolizine-6-carboxamide (ATIQCTPC). Atomic force microscopy images visualized, that in serum, ATIQCTPC formed particles of height <81 nm. These particles effectively avoided phagocytosis of macrophages and were stable in blood circulation.