Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis about the relation of inflammatory bowel disease and diabetic retinopathy: the further exploration of gut-retina axis.

Background: The concept of the gut-retinal axis proposed by previous scholars primarily focused on the relationship between intestinal microbiota and retinal diseases, and few further expanded the relationship between intestinal diseases and retinal diseases. To further substantiate the concept of the gut-retinal axis, we analyzed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) using Mendelian randomization (MR), and use mediation analysis to further explore the potential substances that influence this causal relationship.

Methods: The genome-wide association study's (GWAS) summary statistics for genetic variations were utilized in a Mendelian randomization (MR) investigation.

Dermatopathological features and successful treatment with topical antioxidant for ichthyosiform lesions in Mitchell syndrome caused by an ACOX1 variant.

Peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1), is a peroxisomal enzyme that catalyzes β-oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA). The gain-of-function variant p.Asn237Ser in ACOX1 has been shown to cause Mitchell syndrome (MITCH), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by episodic demyelination, hearing loss, and polyneuropathy, through the overproduction of hydrogen peroxide.

IL-4-induced decrease in both the number and CTLA-4 expression of T impairs suppression of Th2 type inflammation in severe atopic dermatitis.

Background: T plays a pivotal role in the suppression of Th2 cell and the maintenance of immune homeostasis. The precise molecular mechanism underlying the disruption of T suppression of Th2 cell and the promotion of Th2 type inflammation in allergic diseases remains elusive.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying quantitative and functional changes of T in AD.

Attenuation of allergen-specific immunotherapy for atopic dermatitis by ectopic colonization of Brevundimonas vesicularis in the intestine.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) has shown beneficial effects against atopic dermatitis (AD); however, the mechanisms and parameters underlying the efficacy of AIT remain unclear. Here, we report that the community structure and function of the oral and gut microbiota are changed in patients with AD undergoing AIT. Transplantation of fecal microbiota from patients who respond well to AIT improves AD-like dermatitis in mice.

Effects of chemokine receptor CCR7 in the pathophysiology and clinical features of the immuno-inflammatory response in primary pterygium.

Objective: Chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) has been considered a critical biomarker in inflammation and the immune response; however, little is known about CCR7 in pterygia. This study aimed to investigate whether CCR7 participates in the pathogenesis of primary pterygia and how CCR7 affects the progression of pterygia.

Methods: This was an experimental study.

Transglutaminase 3 Attenuates Skin Inflammation in Psoriasis by Inhibiting NF-κB Activation through Phosphorylated STAT3-TET3 Signaling.

Transglutaminase 3 (TGM3) protects against skin inflammation in psoriasis, but the precise role and mechanism of action of TGM3 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis remain unclear. In this study, we show that TGM3 expression was increased in the skin lesions of patients with psoriasis and a mouse model of imiquimod-induced psoriatic dermatitis. TGM3 overexpression decreased the production of proinflammatory factors in cultured primary keratinocytes stimulated with psoriasis-related cytokines.

A New Formulation of Probiotics Attenuates Calcipotriol-Induced Dermatitis by Inducing Regulatory Dendritic Cells.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a recurrent chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting up to 30% of the children population, and immuno-regulatory therapy that could modify the course of disease is urgently needed. Probiotics have demonstrated therapeutic effects on AD and could potentially regulate the disease process. However, the efficacy of probiotics for AD is inconsistent among different studies, which is mainly due to the elusive mechanism and different species and (or) strains used.

Treatment With Melatonin After Corneal Graft Attenuates Rejection.

Immunologic graft rejection is the main complication of corneal transplants. This study aimed to investigate the effect of melatonin (MT) on the rejection of corneal transplantation. Corneal allografts were performed by grafting corneas from BALB/C mice to C57BL/6 hosts.

A Dendritic Cells-Targeting Nano-Vaccine by Coupling Polylactic-Co-Glycolic Acid-Encapsulated Allergen with Mannan Induces Regulatory T Cells.

Background: The efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is mainly depended on the tolerogenic immune responses elicited. Properly conjugated nano-vaccine has the advantages of both specific targeting and continuous and on-demand release of allergen.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a dendritic cells (DCs)-targeting nano-vaccine for AIT.

The Development and Initial Validation of PUMC Localized Scleroderma Facial Aesthetic Index: A Pilot Study.

Background: Localized scleroderma (LoS) is an autoimmune connective tissue disorder leading to serious long-term aesthetic impairment on patients. Objective evaluation methods are badly needed to facilitate the evaluation of the surgical treatment on individual patients and clinical studies.

Objective: To develop and assess the reliability and validity of Peking Union Medical College LoS facial aesthetic index (PUMC LoSFAI).

Study time, glasses utilization and age affect quality of life among senior first-year Chinese myopia students.

Purpose: To compare the quality of life of senior first-year students with normal vision and myopia, and to explore the risk factors related to quality of life in students with myopia.

Methods: In this study, 1103 senior first-year students were enrolled in ten high schools. These students were divided according to the diopter degree, with 916 myopia students and 187 normal vision students.

Activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in Langerhans cells by a microbial metabolite of tryptophan negatively regulates skin inflammation.

Background: Skin commensal bacteria play important roles in skin homeostasis. Langerhans cells (LCs) are epidermis-resident dendritic cells that sense environmental stimuli and are critical in the induction of immune tolerance to allergen and bacterial skin flora. However, response of LCs to the metabolites of the skin microbiota is not clear.

Artificial intelligence manages congenital cataract with individualized prediction and telehealth computing.

A challenge of chronic diseases that remains to be solved is how to liberate patients and medical resources from the burdens of long-term monitoring and periodic visits. Precise management based on artificial intelligence (AI) holds great promise; however, a clinical application that fully integrates prediction and telehealth computing has not been achieved, and further efforts are required to validate its real-world benefits. Taking congenital cataract as a representative, we used Bayesian and deep-learning algorithms to create CC-Guardian, an AI agent that incorporates individualized prediction and scheduling, and intelligent telehealth follow-up computing.

Comparison of Different Types of Corneal Foreign Bodies Using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography: A Prospective Observational Study.

Purpose: The present study highlighted the value of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) for different types of corneal foreign bodies in humans.

Methods: This study was a prospective observational study. The patients included were divided into two groups.

Characterization of an i.p. D-galactose-induced cataract model in rats.

Cataracts have been identified as a main cause of global visual impairment and blindness; in addition, diabetic and aging cataracts are the most common types. The aim of this project was to develop a suitable animal model and investigate the key points of the mechanisms by which intraperitoneal (i.p.

Quantitative analysis of functional filtering bleb size using Mask R-CNN.

Background: Deep learning has had a large effect on medical fields, including ophthalmology. The goal of this study was to quantitatively analyze the functional filtering bleb size with Mask R-CNN.

Methods: This observational study employed eighty-three images of post-trabeculectomy functional filtering blebs.

Investigation of the psychological health of first-year high school students with myopia in Guangzhou.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in anxiety and depression between adolescents with myopia and those with normal vision and to examine the relationship between the level of anxiety and depression and the degree of myopia.

Methods: A total of 1,103 first-year high school students aged 14-17 years were included in the study. The study group comprised 916 persons with myopia, while the control group comprised 187 persons without refractive error.

The Important Role of the Chemokine Axis CCR7-CCL19 and CCR7-CCL21 in the Pathophysiology of the Immuno-inflammatory Response in Dry Eye Disease.

: To explore whether CCR7-CCL19 and CCR7-CCL21 affect the pathophysiology of the dry eye disease (DED) immuno-inflammatory response using a murine model.: The mRNA expression levels of CCR7, CCL19, CCL21 and VEGF-C within corneas in DED mice were detected by real-time PCR. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometric analyses were performed to mark dendritic cells (DCs) and detect correlations among CCR7, CCL19, CCL21 and lymphatic vessels.

The heterozygous mutation in a Chinese family with Waardenburg syndrome type I.

The genovariation of endothelin receptor type B () was identified in a Chinese family with Waardenburg syndrome type I (WS1) in the present study. WS1 was diagnosed in a 19-year-old young man, his older sister and aunt according to WS consortium criteria. After extracting genomic DNA from the peripheral blood samples, the coding exons and intronic regions of were sequenced.

Transglutaminase 3 Promotes Skin Inflammation in Atopic Dermatitis by Activating Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells via DC-SIGN.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is often concomitant with increased levels of IgE against not only foreign allergens but also autoallergens. AD patients with autoallergy are likely to be more severe and difficult to treat, and self-reactive IgE might be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of AD. However, how autoallergens are recognized by the immune system and what immune responses are induced subsequently remain largely unknown.

Evaluation of the Effects of Biohcly in an In Vivo Model of Mechanical Wounds in the Rabbit Cornea.

Purpose: Biohcly is a type of acidic nanoclustered water shown to exert an antimicrobial effect and play a role in the tissue-healing process in previous experiments. This study was performed to evaluate the in vivo effects of Biohcly treatment on mechanical corneal wound healing.

Methods: Rabbit cornea "acute" mechanical wounds were created with an 8-mm hydraulic pressure trephine.

Efficacy and Safety of Bevacizumab in the Treatment of Pterygium: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Purpose: Studies investigating efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in pterygium have increased and reported controversial results. Thus, we updated this meta-analysis to clarify the issue.

Methods: Studies were selected through search of the databases Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from their inception up until June 2017.