Comparison of pSOFA with PRISM III and PIM 2 as Predictors of Outcome in a Tertiary Care Pediatric ICU: A Prospective Cross-sectional Study.

Aims And Background: Severity scores are used to predict the outcome of children admitted to the intensive care unit. A descriptive score such as the pediatric sequential organ failure assessment (pSOFA) may be useful for prediction of outcome. This study was planned to compare the pSOFA score with these well-studied scores for prediction of mortality.

Author Response.

Agrwal S, Pallavi, Jhamb U, Saxena R. Author Response. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(5):518-519.

Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity in Neurocritical Children: A Pilot Study.

Background: Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is characterized by the abnormal excessive sympathetic response to acute cerebral insult. There is a paucity of data about this condition in children. This study was planned to analyze the incidence of PSH among children requiring neurocritical care and its association with the outcome.

Chronic Hepatitis B and Nephrotic Syndrome in Children: Treatment Outcomes.

Hepatitis B-related glomerulonephritis (GN) is an uncommon but important cause of renal morbidity in children. While immunosuppressive therapy has been tried along with antivirals for treatment, some children may undergo spontaneous remission or achieve remission with antivirals alone. We retrospectively studied the outcomes of children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) and chronic hepatitis B infection treated at our nephrology clinic over a five years period; seven children were included of which six (86%) presented with NS and one with nephritic syndrome.

Childhood Steroid-resistant Nephrotic Syndrome: Long-term Outcomes from a Tertiary Care Center.

Introduction: Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is a rare condition that accounts for about 10% to 20% of all nephrotic syndromes in children. While calcineurin inhibitors induce remission in the majority, the data on long-term outcomes are limited. This retrospective study aimed to look at the clinical profile, biopsy findings, and long-term treatment outcomes in children with SRNS.

Acute kidney injury in children hospitalized with a relapse of nephrotic syndrome: A short-term outcome study.

Children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) have a number of potential risk factors for the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) including intravascular volume depletion, infection, exposure to nephrotoxic medication, and renal interstitial edema. This study was aimed to determine the incidence of AKI in children hospitalized with a relapse of NS and its short-term outcome. This prospective observational study was conducted from February 2017 to January 2018 at a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Nephrotic Syndrome with Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: A Unique Presentation.

Childhood nephrotic syndrome is associated with significant morbidity because of recurrent relapses, infections, and episodes of thromboembolism. Thromboembolism in nephrotic syndrome may involve any major blood vessel. Timely recognition of symptoms and early initiation of anticoagulation therapy are important to avoid end-organ damage.

Purulent pericardial effusion in children: Experience from a tertiary care center in North India.

Background: Purulent pericarditis, if not recognized and managed timely, it can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. There are no guidelines for the management of purulent pericardial effusion in pediatric patients.

Aim: The study describes our experience with the management of 22 patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of purulent pericardial effusion seen over a 7-year period.

National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines for Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

The National Comprehensive Cancer Network has recently published the first pediatric guidelines for the management of children, adolescent and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The recommendations for diagnosis, work up, genetic evaluation, treatment and follow up of pediatric ALL have been provided. Genetic risk factors and newer therapeutic agents have been discussed.

AN UNUSUAL CASE OF FAMILIAL SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS WITH DISTAL RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS AND HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in children is associated with renal involvement in a majority. While glomerular involvement is a common manifestation, tubular involvement is rare. Tubular dysfunctions previously described with SLE are renal tubular acidosis (Type 1 and less commonly type 4).

Goldston syndrome with congenital hepatic fibrosis: A rare cause of neonatal cholestasis.

Goldston syndrome (GS) is a rare association of Dandy-Walker malformation (DWM) and cystic renal dysplasia with or without hepatic fibrosis. It is considered to be a milder variant of Meckel Gruber syndrome (MGS) and shares features with Miranda syndrome. We reported a 22 day old infant with DWM and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) who presented with cholestasis and acholic stools.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with neurological manifestations in an infant with scrub typhus: a rare fatal occurrence.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a syndrome of unchecked activation of the immune system leading to phagocytosis of blood cells and proliferation of histiocytes in solid organs. HLH can be primary or secondary to infective, autoimmune and malignant conditions. Scrub typhus is an infective illness caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, transmitted by mite.