Recent advances of bioaerogels in medicine: Preparation, property and application.

Bioaerogels represent a type of three-dimensional porous materials fabricated from natural biopolymers, and show a significant potential for medical application due to their characteristics of extremely low density, high specific surface area, excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. The preparation method and parameters of bioaerogels are focused on, and their influence on the structure and properties of bioaerogels are discussed in detail. Then, to match the properties of bioaerogels with the medical applications, this work emphasizes the main properties (including biocompatibility, degradability, and mechanical properties), structural parameters (such as suitable porosity, pore size and high specific surface area), and further summarizes the influence of single-component and composite bioaerogels on their properties.

Natural hyperoside extracted from hawthorn exhibits antiviral activity against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in vitro and in vivo.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes severe diarrhea and death in piglets, resulting in significant economic losses for the pork industry. There is an urgent need for new treatment strategies. Here, we focused on optimizing the process of purifying natural hyperoside (nHYP) from hawthorn and evaluating its effectiveness against PEDV both in vitro and in vivo.

Folic acid functionalized gadolinium-doped carbon dots as fluorescence / magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent for targeted imaging of liver cancer.

Gadolinium-doped carbon dots (Gd-CDs), as a new class of nanomaterial, has a wide application prospect in targeted imaging and monitoring diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer because of their good fluorescence (FL)-magnetic resonance (MR) imaging properties. First, Gd-CDs were synthesized by hydrothermal method with gadodiamide as gadolinium source, citric acid as carbon source and silane coupling agent (KH-792) as coupling agent with FL quantum yield (QY) of 48.2%.

A survey of fecal virome and bacterial community of the diarrhea-affected cattle in northeast China reveals novel disease-associated ecological risk factors.

Limited information on the virome and bacterial community hampers our ability to discern systemic ecological risk factors that cause cattle diarrhea, which has become a pressing issue in the control of disease. A total of 110 viruses, 1,011 bacterial genera, and 322 complete viral genomes were identified from 70 sequencing samples mixed with 1,120 fecal samples from 58 farms in northeast China. For the diarrheic samples, the identified virome and bacterial community varied in terms of composition, abundance, diversity, and geographic distribution in relation to different disease-associated ecological factors; the abundance of identified viruses and bacteria was significantly correlated with the host factors of clinical status, cattle type, and age, and with environmental factors such as aquaculture model and geographical location ( < 0.

Boosting Microwave Thermo-Dynamic Cancer Therapy of TiMOF via COF-Coating.

Microwave (MW) dynamic therapy (MDT) can efficiently eliminate tumor residue resulting from MW thermal therapy. However, MDT is currently in its infancy, and luck of effective MDT sensiters severely limits its clinical therapeutic effect. Herein, based on TiMOF (TM), a high-efficiency MW sensitizer is designed for MW thermo-dynamic therapy.

Nano-engineering nanomedicines with customized functions for tumor treatment applications.

Nano-engineering with unique "custom function" capability has shown great potential in solving technical difficulties of nanomaterials in tumor treatment. Through tuning the size and surface properties controllablly, nanoparticles can be endoewd with tailored structure, and then the characteristic functions to improve the therapeutic effect of nanomedicines. Based on nano-engineering, many have been carried out to advance nano-engineering nanomedicine.

Research progress of siVEGF complex and their application in antiangiogenic therapy.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important factor in the development of some diseases such as tumors, ocular neovascular disease and endometriosis. Inhibition of abnormal VEGF expression is one of the most effective means of treating these diseases. The resistance and side effects of currently used VEGF drugs limit their application.

Single-Cell Heterogeneity Restorative Chimeric Engineering Nanoparticles for Alleviating Antibody-Mediated Allograft Injury.

Disturbance of single-cell transcriptional heterogeneity is an inevitable consequence of persistent donor-specific antibody (DSA) production and allosensitization. However, identifying and efficiently clearing allospecific antibody repertoires to restore single-cell transcriptional profiles remain challenging. Here, inspired by the high affinity of natural bacterial proteins for antibodies, a genetic engineered membrane-coated nanoparticle termed as DSA trapper by the engineering chimeric gene of protein A/G with phosphatidylserine ligands for macrophage phagocytosis was reported.

Octyl gallate targeting the 3C-like protease exhibits highly efficient antiviral activity against swine enteric coronavirus PEDV.

Infection with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes severe watery diarrhea in newborn piglets, leading to substantial financial losses for the swine industry. In this study, we screened small molecule drugs targeting 3 C-like protease (3CLpro) by molecular docking, and further evaluated the antiviral activity of the screened drugs against PEDV. Results showed that octyl gallate (OG), a widely used food additive, exhibited strong binding affinity with the 3CLpro active sites of PEDV.

Isolation, identification, and pathogenicity of a goose astrovirus causing fatal gout in goslings.

Since November 2016, severe infectious diseases characterized by gout and kidney swelling and caused by goose astrovirus (GoAstV) have affected goslings in major goose-producing areas in China. In 2021, a similar serious infectious disease broke out in commercial goose farms in Heilongjiang Province, China. In this study, strain HLJ2021 was successfully isolated from goose embryos.

Transcript Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Alleviate Alloreactive Dynamics in Renal Transplantation.

Direct contact of membrane molecules and cytokine interactions orchestrate immune homeostasis. However, overcoming the threshold of distance and velocity barriers, and achieving adhesion mediated immune interaction remain difficult. Here, inspired by the natural chemotaxis of regulatory T cells, multifunctionalized FOXP3 genetic engineered extracellular vesicles, termed Foe-TEVs, are designed, which display with adhesive molecules, regulatory cytokines, and coinhibitory contact molecules involving CTLA-4 and PD-1, by limited exogenous gene transduction.

Environmental Monitoring of Parvovirus B19 in the Kidney Transplantation Ward of a Chinese Teaching Hospital.

Purpose: Parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection is a viral threat after kidney transplantation. It is mainly transmitted by close-contact inhalation of aerosolized viral particles. The risk of nosocomial spread of B19V in the transplantation ward is quite high.

Preparation, Properties, and Application of Graphene-Based Materials in Tissue Engineering Scaffolds.

Tissue engineering has a great application prospect as an effective treatment for tissue and organ injury, functional reduction, or loss. Bioactive tissues are reconstructed and damaged organs are repaired by the three elements, including cells, scaffold materials, and growth factors. Graphene-based composites can be used as reinforcing auxiliary materials for tissue scaffold preparation because of their large specific surface area, and good mechanical support.

Research Progress in the Synthesis of Targeting Organelle Carbon Dots and Their Applications in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.

With increasing knowledge about diseases at the histological, cytological to sub-organelle level, targeting organelle therapy has gradually been envisioned as an approach to overcome the shortcomings of poor specificity and multiple toxic side effects on tissues and cell-level treatments using the currently available therapy. Organelle carbon dots (CDs) are a class of functionalized CDs that can target organelles. CDs can be prepared by a "synchronous synthesis method" and "asynchronous modification method.

Enhanced-fluorescent imaging and targeted therapy of liver cancer using highly luminescent carbon dots-conjugated foliate.

Carbon dots (CDs) have shown great potential in drug delivery and biological imaging applications. In this work, a doxorubicin (DOX) delivery carrier and imaging probe for liver cancer-targeted therapy was designed based on CDs with high fluorescence quantum yield (97%), aiming to enhance the antitumor activity and imaging efficiency. Folic acid (FA), which showed high expression in hepatoma cells, was used as targeting components to modify CDs (FA-CDs), and then FA-CDs-DOX was obtained by loading DOX.

Multicentric Castleman's disease in a renal allograft recipient: a case report and literature review.

Giant lymph node hyperplasia is the main symptom of Castleman’s disease (CD), which is a rare and easily overlooked lymphoproliferative disease that mimics both benign and malignant lesions. Several cases of CD after renal transplantation have been reported in the literature. A 43-year-old man was admitted to our medical center with high serum globulin levels after receiving a living donor kidney transplant.

Folic acid-conjugated magnetic ordered mesoporous carbon nanospheres for doxorubicin targeting delivery.

Folic acid-conjugated magnetic ordered mesoporous carbon nanospheres (FA-MOMCNs) are developed as a targeting delivery vehicle of doxorubicin (DOX) in this work. Investigations on DOX loading mechanism show that the loading capacity of FA-MOMCNs is up to 577.12 mg g by means of both physical porous adsorption and covalent interactions, and the pH-dependent drug release is achieved.

Investigation on the chirality mechanism of chiral carbon quantum dots derived from tryptophan.

Chiral carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with chirality, fluorescence and biocompatibility were synthesized by a one-step method with l-/d-tryptophan (l-/d-Trp), as both carbon source and chiral source. Levogyration-/dextrorotation-CQDs (l-/d-CQDs) were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, ultraviolet-visible absorption, excitation and emission spectrometry and circular dichroism (CD) spectrometry. Results show that l-CQDs and d-CQDs present similar spherical morphology, functional groups and optical properties.

Antitumor effects of carbon nanotube-drug complex against human breast cancer cells.

To improve the bio-solubility and sustained-release properties of a carbon nanotube (CNT)-drug complex, the present study used a hydrophilic polymer, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and β-estradiol (E2), which targets the estrogen receptor in human breast cancer cells (HBCCs), to modify CNTs carrying lobaplatin (LBP) to form E2-PEG-CNT-LBP. The inhibitory effects against HBCCs and the pharmacological effect of the complex on heart, liver and kidney tissues were also evaluated. The results indicated that the inhibitory effects of this complex against HBCCs reached 80.

Thermo-sensitively and magnetically ordered mesoporous carbon nanospheres for targeted controlled drug release and hyperthermia application.

A multifunctional nanoplatform based on thermo-sensitively and magnetically ordered mesoporous carbon nanospheres (TMOMCNs) is developed for effective targeted controlled release of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) and hyperthermia in this work. The morphology, specific surface area, porosity, thermo-stability, thermo-sensitivity, as well as magnetism properties of TMOMCNs were verified by high resolution transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, thermo-gravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmeltt-Teller surface area analysis, dynamic light scattering and vibrating sample magnetometry measurement. The results indicate that TMOMCNs have an average diameter of ~146nm with a lower critical solution temperature at around 39.

A model of spontaneous mouse mammary tumor for human estrogen receptor- and progesterone receptor-negative breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently malignancy in women. Therefore, establishment of an animal model for the development of preventative measures and effective treatment for tumors is required. A novel heterogeneous spontaneous mammary tumor animal model of Kunming mice was generated.

Pilocarpine-loaded chitosan-PAA nanosuspension for ophthalmic delivery.

Chitosan-poly(acrylic acid) (CS-PAA) nanoparticles, to be used as ophthalmic drug carrier, were successfully prepared using template polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) in a chitosan solution. When the polymerization was done at 70 degrees C for 45 min with a CS/AA weight ratio of 1:1, the surface structure of the prepared nanoparticles was most stable with the smallest mean diameter (92.0 +/- 7.