Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes carry miR-125a-5p to improve diabetic keratopathy by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Background: Diabetic keratopathy is a prevalent but sometimes ignored visual condition in diabetic patients, which significantly affects patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in terms of their visual acuity. Exosomes regulate diabetes-related conditions like diabetic keratopathy (DK) by secreting their components into the body.

Objective: Aim to investigate the effect and mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosome miR-125a-5p on DK.

Conditioned Medium of Infrapatellar Fat Stem Cells Alleviates Degradation of Chondrocyte Extracellular Matrix and Delays Development of Osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent clinical chronic degenerative condition characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage. Currently, drug treatments for OA come with varying degrees of side effects, making the development of new therapeutic approaches for OA imperative. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to mitigate the progression of OA primarily through paracrine effects.

CRISPR-HOLMES-based NAD detection.

Studies have indicated that the intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) level is associated with the occurrence and development of many diseases. However, traditional nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) detection techniques are time-consuming and may require large and expensive instruments. We recently found that the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas12a protein can be inactivated by AcrVA5-mediated acetylation and reactivated by CobB, using NAD as the co-factor.

Superhydrophobic Bulgy Windmill for Synchronous Efficient Fog Collection and Power Generation.

The shortage of freshwater resources is a serious problem faced by mankind in the 21st century. To maximize the acquisition of freshwater resources, numerous fog collectors have been constructed. In the process of fog collection accompanied by the movement of the wind, the mechanical energy brought about by the wind is often ignored.

Underwater Bubble Manipulation on Surfaces with Patterned Regions with Infused Lubricants.

The flexible manipulation of underwater gas bubbles on solid substrates has attracted considerable research interest from scientists in the fields of water electrolysis, bubble microreactions, drug delivery, and heat transfer. Inspired by the oxygen-binding mechanisms of aquatic organisms, scientists have designed a series of interfacial materials for use in collecting gases, detecting and grading bubbles, and conducting microbubble reactions. Aerophilic surfaces are commonly used in underwater bubble manipulation platforms due to their excellent gas-trapping properties.

meHOLMES: A CRISPR-cas12a-based method for rapid detection of DNA methylation in a sequence-independent manner.

Aberrant DNA methylation is closely associated with various diseases, particularly cancer, and its precise detection plays an essential role in disease diagnosis and monitoring. In this study, we present a novel DNA methylation detection method (namely meHOLMES), which integrates both the TET2/APOBEC-mediated cytosine deamination step and the CRISPR-Cas12a-based signal readout step. TET2/APOBEC efficiently converts unmethylated cytosine to uracil, which is subsequently changed to thymine after PCR amplification.

Ginkgolide K delays the progression of osteoarthritis by regulating YAP to promote the formation of cartilage extracellular matrix.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by cartilage wear and degradation. Ginkgolide K (GK) is a natural compound extracted from Ginkgo biloba leaves and possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. We found that the biological characteristics of GK were highly consistent with those of OA medications.

Human Infrapatellar Fat Pad Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Inhibit Fibroblast Proliferation by Regulating to Reduce Knee Arthrofibrosis.

Knee arthrofibrosis is one of the most serious complications of knee surgery; however, its pathogenesis is unclear, and current treatment methods have not achieved satisfactory results. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have good anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties, and studies have reported that human infrapatellar fat pad-derived MSCs (IPFSCs) have the advantages of strong proliferative and differentiating ability, ease of acquisition, and minimal harm to the donor. Increasing evidence has shown that MSCs function through their paracrine extracellular vesicles (EVs).

Predictors of relapse in Takayasu arteritis.

Background: Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is a large-vessel vasculitis with high relapse rate. Longitudinal studies identifying risk factors of relapse are limited. We aimed to analyze the associated factors and develop a risk prediction model for relapse.

Removing Negative Impacts from Inevitable Nonreproducible and Nonspecific Antibody-Probe Interactions in Viral Serology.

Serological assays are indispensable tools in public health. Presently deployed serological assays, however, largely overlook research progress made in the last two decades that jeopardizes the conceptual foundation of these assays, i.e.

Primary Sjögren's syndrome with type II respiratory failure caused by myotonic dystrophy type 1: A case report and literature review.

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the involvement of exocrine glands with dryness of mouth and eyes as typical clinical manifestations, and may also have extra-glandular organ involvement. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is the most common type of adult-onset muscular dystrophy, which can lead to progressive muscle weakness and myotonia. The coexistence of pSS with DM1 was rarely reported.

Characterizing the prognostic and therapeutic value of necroptosis in sarcoma based on necroptosis subtypes.

Necroptosis, a type of necrotic cell death independent of caspase regulation, is mainly mediated by receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1), receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL). Necroptosis plays an essential role in many tumors. However, the potential roles of necroptosis in tumor microenvironment (TME) of sarcoma (SARC) remain unknown.

MiR-200c-3p regulates pyroptosis by targeting SLC30A7 in diabetic retinopathy.

Clinical Relevance: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be involved in the progression of various diseases. Studying the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs can help clinical treatment.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the complications of diabetes.

Pregnancy outcomes in Takayasu arteritis patients.

Objectives: To investigate the pregnancy outcomes of patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAK) and identify the relevant risk factors.

Methods: A total of 110 pregnancies in 80 patients in a Chinese TAK cohort and 550 matched pregnancies in healthy women between 2000 and 2020 were included. The pregnancy outcomes between patients and controls were compared by Fisher's exact test.

Hypoxia-induced retinal pigment epithelium cell-derived bFGF promotes the migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs through regulating TGF-β1/smad2/3 pathway.

Hypoxia promotes the secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which plays an important part in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). This study preliminarily explored the effect of hypoxia-induced RPE-derived bFGF on the biological functions of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). After cell culture in hypoxia conditions, the cell viability, apoptosis, and the expressions of bFGF and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in human RPEs were detected by 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), flow cytometry, western blot, RT-qPCR, or ELISA.

Ultrasound biomicroscopy for the assessment of postoperative complications after congenital cataract surgery.

Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in the evaluation of postoperative complications in children with congenital cataracts.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between September 2012 and December 2016 at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center. Red reflex test and high-resolution bag/balloon UBM were performed to evaluate postoperative congenital cataracts.

miR-214-3p-Sufu-GLI1 is a novel regulatory axis controlling inflammatory smooth muscle cell differentiation from stem cells and neointimal hyperplasia.

Background: Inflammatory smooth muscle cells (iSMCs) generated from adventitial stem/progenitor cells (AdSPCs) have been recognised as a new player in cardiovascular disease, and microRNA-214-3p (miR-214-3p) has been implicated in mature vascular SMC functions and neointimal hyperplasia. Here, we attempted to elucidate the functional involvements of miR-214-3p in iSMC differentiation from AdSPCs and unravel the therapeutic potential of miR-214-3p signalling in AdSPCs for injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia.

Methods: The role of miR-214-3p in iSMC differentiation from AdSPCs was evaluated by multiple biochemistry assays.

miRNA-200c-3p promotes endothelial to mesenchymal transition and neointimal hyperplasia in artery bypass grafts.

Increasing evidence has suggested a critical role for endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) in a variety of pathological conditions. MicroRNA-200c-3p (miR-200c-3p) has been implicated in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. However, the functional role of miR-200c-3p in EndoMT and neointimal hyperplasia in artery bypass grafts remains largely unknown.

Management of Aphakia with Visual Axis Opacification after Congenital Cataract Surgery Based on UBM Image Features Analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to study the imaging features of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in the aphakia with visual axis opacification (VAO) after congenital cataract surgery.

Methods: From May 2015 to May 2018, aphakia patients with VAO who underwent congenital cataract surgery were examined by high-resolution bag/balloon UBM technique, and the results of UBM imaging were analyzed. According to UBM imaging features, different types of VAO were classified.

Macrophage-derived MMP-8 determines smooth muscle cell differentiation from adventitia stem/progenitor cells and promotes neointima hyperplasia.

Aims: Emerging evidence has suggested that adventitia stem/progenitor cells (AdSPCs) migrate into the intima of arteries in response to injury, where they differentiate towards smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and participate in neointimal hyperplasia. We have previously identified matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP8) as a key player in atherogenesis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the functional roles of macrophage-derived MMP8 in AdSPC differentiation and injury-induced arterial remodelling.

Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Procedures for Children with Congenital Membranous Cataract.

Objective: In a group case series, the clinical characteristics of congenital membranous cataract in children were studied to establish a system of classification and determine the surgical method suited for each type.

Methods: Children (18 eyes) with congenital membranous cataract were examined by slit lamp, ultrasound biomicroscopy, and operating microscopy to classify cataracts. The clinical characteristics of congenital membranous cataract and its feature related to the surgical method were analyzed.

miR-22 Is a Novel Mediator of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Modulation and Neointima Formation.

Background: MicroRNA-22 (miR-22) has recently been reported to play a regulatory role during vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) differentiation from stem cells, but little is known about its target genes and related pathways in mature VSMC phenotypic modulation or its clinical implication in neointima formation following vascular injury.

Methods: We applied a wire-injury mouse model, and local delivery of AgomiR-22 or miR-22 inhibitor, as well, to explore the therapeutic potential of miR-22 in vascular diseases. Furthermore, normal and diseased human femoral arteries were harvested, and various in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro models of VSMC phenotype switching were conducted to examine miR-22 expression during VSMC phenotype switching.

Cbx3 inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and neointima formation.

Aims: To investigate the role of chromobox protein homolog 3 (Cbx3) in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, migration, and neointima formation following vascular injury.

Methods And Results: Overexpression of Cbx3 led to a significant increase in VSMC contractile gene expression and VSMC apoptosis as well as a dramatic decrease in collagen gene expression, VSMC proliferation, and migration. Meanwhile, the opposite was observed following inhibition of endogenous Cbx3.

Screening Retinopathy of Prematurity in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants in China and the Need for Earlier Screening Times.

. To convey the need for a revised screening strategy for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants in China. .