Design of internal fixation implants for fracture: A review.

Unlabelled: Internal fixation is the most common and effective fracture treatment, and the design of Internal Fixation Implants (IFI) is important for fracture healing. In recent decades, IFI have been designed from the aspects of materials, geometry, fixation methods and functional characteristics. However, there has been no comprehensive summary on the evaluation method and design methods of IFI.

Outside-in engineering of cadherin endocytosis using a conformation strengthening antibody.

P-cadherin, a crucial cell-cell adhesion protein which is overexpressed in numerous malignant cancers, is a popular target for drug delivery antibodies. However, molecular guidelines for engineering antibodies that can be internalized upon binding to P-cadherin are unknown. Here, we use a combination of biophysical, biochemical, and cell biological methods to demonstrate that trapping the P-cadherin extracellular region in an X-dimer adhesive conformation triggers cadherin endocytosis via an outside-in signaling mechanism.

Evaluation of Nucleated Red Blood Cells in Peripheral Blood Increases the Predictive Value of Pediatric Critical Illness Score in Infants With Severe Pneumonia at 28 Days.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of combining nucleated red blood cells (NRBC) with the pediatric critical illness score (PCIS) in infants with severe pneumonia at 28 days.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of the First People's Hospital of Bijie and included infants with severe pneumonia from September 1, 2021, to August 31, 2022. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted from electronic medical records, and the differences between the groups were compared.

Outside-in engineering of cadherin endocytosis using a conformation strengthening antibody.

P-cadherin, a crucial cell-cell adhesion protein which is overexpressed in numerous malignant cancers, is a popular target for drug delivery antibodies. However, molecular guidelines for engineering antibodies that can be internalized upon binding to P-cadherin are unknown. Here, we use a combination of biophysical, biochemical, and cell biological methods to demonstrate that trapping the cadherin extracellular region in an X-dimer adhesive conformation, triggers cadherin endocytosis via a novel outside-in signaling mechanism.

Topology optimization of embracing fixator considering bone remodeling to mitigate stress shielding effect.

The embracing fixator is one of the widely used internal fixation implants for bone fracture treatment. However, the stress shielding effect, a stress imbalance between the implant and bone caused by the mismatch in mechanical properties between them, is a significant and critical issue that may lead to treatment failure. Thus, it is of great importance to design the implant with an appropriate stiffness which can mitigate the stress shielding effect and provide the most favorable mechanical environment for bone healing and remodeling.

Strengthening E-cadherin adhesion via antibody-mediated binding stabilization.

E-cadherins (Ecads) are a crucial cell-cell adhesion protein with tumor suppression properties. Ecad adhesion can be enhanced by the monoclonal antibody 66E8, which has potential applications in inhibiting cancer metastasis. However, the biophysical mechanisms underlying 66E8-mediated adhesion strengthening are unknown.

Digging out the biology properties of tRNA-derived small RNA from black hole.

An unique subclass of functional non-coding RNAs generated by transfer RNA (tRNA) under stress circumstances is known as tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA). tsRNAs can be divided into tRNA halves and tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) based on the different cleavage sites. Like microRNAs, tsRNAs can attach to Argonaute (AGO) proteins to target downstream mRNA in a base pairing manner, which plays a role in rRNA processing, gene silencing, protein expression and viral infection.

Strengthening E-cadherin adhesion via antibody mediated binding stabilization.

E-cadherins (Ecads) are a crucial cell-cell adhesion protein with tumor suppression properties. Ecad adhesion can be enhanced by the monoclonal antibody 66E8, which has potential applications in inhibiting cancer metastasis. However, the biophysical mechanisms underlying 66E8 mediated adhesion strengthening are unknown.

Biomechanical evaluation of a healed acetabulum with internal fixators: finite element analysis.

Background: Treatment of complicated acetabular fracture with internal fixation usually has high risk of failure because of unbefitting fixation. However, evaluation of the biomechanical effect of internal fixation under physiological loading for fracture healing is still generally rarely performed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the biomechanical characteristics of a healed acetabulum with designed internal fixators under gait and to explore the biomechanical relationship between the healed bone and the internal fixator.

Maternal Serum tRNA-Derived Fragments (tRFs) as Potential Candidates for Diagnosis of Fetal Congenital Heart Disease.

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most predominant birth defects that causes infant death worldwide. The timely and successful surgical treatment of CHD on newborns after delivery requires accurate detection and reliable diagnosis during pregnancy. However, there are no biomarkers that can serve as an early diagnostic factor for CHD patients.

The optimal design of 3D-printed lattice bone plate by considering fracture healing mechanism.

The biomechanical stimulus is the most important factor for fracture healing and mainly determined by the structural stiffness of bone plate. Currently, the materials commonly used in bone plates are stainless steel and titanium, which often lead to stress shielding effects because of their higher elastic modulus compared with the bone. This article suggests an optimal design method of lattice bone plate based on fracture healing theory.

Proteolytic regulation of CD73 by TRIM21 orchestrates tumor immunogenicity.

Despite the rapid utilization of immunotherapy, emerging challenges to the current immune checkpoint blockade need to be resolved. Here, we report that elevation of CD73 levels due to its aberrant turnover is correlated with poor prognosis in immune-cold triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). We have identified TRIM21 as an E3 ligase that governs CD73 destruction.

Altered glycolysis results in drug-resistant in clinical tumor therapy.

Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming, including increased glucose metabolism, fatty acid synthesis and glutamine metabolic rates. These enhancements to three major metabolic pathways are closely associated with glycolysis, which is considered the central component of cancer cell metabolism. Increasing evidence suggests that dysfunctional glycolysis is commonly associated with drug resistance in cancer treatment, and aberrant glycolysis plays a significant role in drug-resistant cancer cells.

Impact of socioeconomic development on ecosystem services and its conservation strategies: a case study of Shandong Province, China.

Ecosystems and their components provide a lot of benefits for the welfare of human beings. Coupled with increasing socioeconomic development, most of the rapidly developing and transitional countries and regions have been experiencing dramatic land use changes. This has resulted in a large amount of forestland, grassland, and wetland being occupied as residential and industrial land or reclaimed for arable land, which in turn results in a sharp deterioration of ecosystem services around the world.