A case of problems in supporting a patient after Y-chromosome long arm microdeletion testing at a Japanese general hospital.

There are only few reports on the problems faced post-Y-chromosome microdeletion tests that decide the use of micro testicular sperm extraction. We report a case wherein we faced issues in supporting a patient post-testing. One patient with azoospermia factor c () deletion gave birth to a baby boy, who could have inherited the deletion; however, we could not inform the young patient.

Laparoscopic resection of a non-communicating uterine rudimentary horn using intra-operative indigocarmine injection: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: An unicornuate uterus with a non-communicating rudimentary horn (UUNCRH) is a very rare uterine malformation which is difficult to diagnose and to decide the surgical plan. We aim to describe the case of pediatric UUNCRH patient and our operative technique of laparoscopic intra-uterus indigo carmine injection (LIUICI) to confirm that the rudimentary horn (RH) is non-communicating before the resection and review the relevant literature to ascertain the most appropriate treatment option in these patients.

Case Presentation: A 11-year-old girl who developed progressive severe abdominal pain and dysmenorrhea was referred to our hospital.

An ultrasensitive new DNA microarray chip provides gene expression profiles for preoperative esophageal cancer biopsies without RNA amplification.

Objectives: Gene expression profiling using pretreatment biopsies has been limited due to their small sample sizes. This study evaluated the usefulness of an ultrasensitive new DNA microarray chip, which has a unique array structure, for the clinical diagnosis of esophageal cancer using preoperative biopsies.

Methods: Paired cancer and normal esophageal epithelial tissues from 56 patients who underwent esophagectomy and from 48 patients who underwent preoperative endoscopy were studied.

Developmental aberrations of liver gene expression in bovine fetuses derived from somatic cell nuclear transplantation.

Cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT) has been accomplished. However, the process itself is inefficient since most clones die before birth and survivors often display various anomalies. In an effort to determine global expression profiles of developmentally regulated liver genes in NT bovine fetuses, we employed a custom-made bovine liver complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray.

Ultrasensitive DNA chip: gene expression profile analysis without RNA amplification.

We have developed a new DNA chip whose substrate has a unique minute columnar array structure made of plastic. The DNA chip exhibits ultrahigh sensitivity, up to 100-fold higher than that of reference DNA chips, which makes it possible to monitor gene expression profiles even with very small amounts of RNA (0.1-0.

Inhibition of protein kinase CK2 prevents the progression of glomerulonephritis.

Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a progressive inflammation that may be caused by a variety of underlying disorders. It is the primary cause of chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease, which require dialysis and transplantation worldwide. Immunosuppressive therapy has been used to treat GN clinically, but this treatment has had insufficient therapeutic effects.

cDNA microarray analysis of bovine embryo gene expression profiles during the pre-implantation period.

Background: After fertilization, embryo development involves differentiation, as well as development of the fetal body and extra-embryonic tissues until the moment of implantation. During this period various cellular and molecular changes take place with a genetic origin, e.g.

Gene expression profile in experimental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis.

We analyzed gene expression in rat anti-Thy1 antibody-induced glomerulonephritis by using the cDNA microarray method. Ninety-seven genes that differed by more than 1.5-fold intensity in comparison with the controls were selected.

Pregnancy-associated changes in genome-wide gene expression profiles in the liver of cow throughout pregnancy.

The objective of the present study was to fabricate and use a bovine liver complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray to profile genome-wide gene expressions in the liver of cow throughout pregnancy. A cDNA library was prepared from liver total RNA collected from cows during estrous cycle and pregnancy, and from fetuses at different stages of pregnancy. The sequenced clones were compiled and annotated by basic local alignment search tool (BLASTn) and spotted onto glass slides.

Gene expression profile in the regenerating rat liver after partial hepatectomy.

Background/aims: When a loss of hepatic mass occurs, the expression of a large number of genes is either induced or altered, accompanying hepatocyte proliferation. In the present study, we made an in-house cDNA microarray containing 4608 elements (Liver chip), and analyzed extensively gene expression profiles of the regenerating liver after 70% partial hepatectomy (PHx) in rats.

Methods: RNAs were prepared from three rat livers at each time point (taken at 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 48, 72 h, and 1 week after PHx).

Characterization of gene expression profiles in early bovine pregnancy using a custom cDNA microarray.

Gene expression analysis comparing nonpregnant with pregnant bovine uteri, including placenta, was performed with a custom cDNA microarray containing 1,933 independent genes. These genes were classified into six categories according to biological function, as follows: cell and tissue structural dynamics (108 genes), intercellular communication (221), intracellular metabolism (265), cell cycle and apoptosis (26), regulation of gene expression (113), expressed sequence tag (EST) and function unknown (617), and uncomplemented genes (583 clones). This array possessed bovine placental/endometrial specificity, as it included many pregnancy-specific molecules, such as pregnancy-associated glycoprotein-1 (PAGs), placental lactogen (PLs), and prolactin-related protein-1 (PRPs).

Temporal gene expression changes during adipogenesis in human mesenchymal stem cells.

Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) give rise to adipocytes in response to adipogenic hormones. An in-house cDNA microarray representing 3400 genes was employed to characterize the modulation of genes involved in this process. A total of 197 genes showed temporal gene expression changes during adipogenesis, including genes encoding transcriptional regulators and signaling molecules.

Transcriptional profiling of gene expression patterns during sphingosine 1-phosphate-induced mesangial cell proliferation.

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is known to regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, and motility. Recently, we have reported that S1P and its analogue dihydro-S1P (DHS1P) promote proliferation of rat cultured mesangial cells. To investigate the signaling mechanisms underlying S1P- and DHS1P-induced mesangial cell proliferation, we performed cDNA microarray analysis of gene expression during mesangial cell proliferation.

Signalling mechanisms in sphingosine 1-phosphate-promoted mesangial cell proliferation.

Background: The bioactive sphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is formed by the activation of sphingosine kinase (SPHK) in diverse stimuli, such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). S1P acts not only as an extracellular mediator but also as an intracellular second messenger, resulting in the proliferation of various different types of cells. However, the signal transduction mechanism in S1P-induced proliferation of mesangial cells is poorly known.

Implantation and placental development in somatic cell clone recipient cows.

Successful somatic cloned animal production has been reported in various domesticated species, including cattle; however, it is associated with a high rate of pregnancy failure. The low cloning yield could possibly arise from either an abnormal and/or poorly developed placenta. In comparison to control cows, fewer placentomes were found in somatic cell nuclear recipient (NT) cows at day 60 of gestation, suggesting a retardation of fetal/placental growth in these animals.

Global analysis of differentially expressed genes during progression of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis.

The process of nephrolithiasis development is poorly understood at the molecular level. Here, we constructed a cDNA microarray from a rat kidney normalized cDNA library, and investigated the pattern of gene expression in rat kidneys from a calcium oxalate (CaOx) nephrolithiasis model. One hundred and seventy-three genes were found to be at least 2-fold regulated at one or more time points during progression of nephrolithiasis.

Genomic analysis of a mouse model of immunoglobulin A nephropathy reveals an enhanced PDGF-EDG5 cascade.

The molecular mechanism of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), the most common primary renal glomerular disease worldwide, is unknown. HIGA (high serum IgA) mouse is a valid model of IgAN showing almost all of the pathological features, including mesangial cell proliferation. Here we elucidate a pattern of gene expression associated with IgAN by analyzing the diseased kidneys on cDNA microarrays.

Functional genomic research of alpha 1-adrenoceptors.

The Human Genome Project is now almost completed, and we are about to move into the post-genome sequence era of functional genomics. The advent of genome science has markedly changed the way life science research including pharmacological study is conducted; thus, systematic and integrated 'genome-wide' survey is feasible. The stream of 'Genome-->Transcriptome--> Proteomics' is logical and, in each aspect, approaches for functional genomics are now pursued at a high pace.

Molecular monitoring of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by cDNA microarray-based gene expression profiling.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive disorder whose molecular pathology is poorly understood. Here we developed an in-house cDNA microarray ("lung chip") originating from a lung-normalized cDNA library. By using this lung chip, we analyzed global gene expression in a murine model of bleomycin-induced fibrosis and selected 82 genes that differed by more than twofold intensity in at least one pairwise comparison with controls.

[A model for clinical study based on genome science--trials in disorders of the immune system and allergies].

Disorders of the immune system, such as allergies, have multi-factorial etiologies that include both genetic and environmental components. The recent advances in genome science have facilitated two strategies for studying the genetic basis of disease: (1) systematic analysis of gene expression profiles and (2) comprehensive analysis of gene variations, such as polymorphisms. Here, we describe a unique research institute, Genox Research Inc.

Lead and zinc concentrations in plasma, erythrocytes, and urine in relation to ALA-D activity after intravenous infusion of Ca-EDTA.

Lead and zinc concentrations in plasma, erythrocytes, and urine, urinary ALA concentration, and ALA-D activity in blood were studied for four hours in two male lead workers during and after a one hour infusion of Ca-EDTA 2Na. Urinary and plasma lead concentrations increased as a result of administering Ca-EDTA 2Na, and the ratios of lead concentrations in plasma to those in urine were greatly increased. The increase of plasma lead concentration was not due to the haemolytic effect of Ca-EDTA 2Na but was mobilised lead, rapidly excreted in the urine.