[Survey Report on Assistant Work of Radiological Technologist During Angiography and Intervention Radiology Procedure].

Purpose: Investigating the status and challenges associated with radiological technologists acting as assistants during angiography and interventional radiology (IVR) through task shift/share.

Methods: The survey period was from August 1, 2023 to September 30, 2023. A 10-item questionnaire survey was conducted nationwide, targeting 676 hospitals equipped with angiography facilities.

Regulatory role of Heparan sulfate in leptin signaling.

Leptin, a hormone mainly secreted by adipocytes, has attracted significant attention since its discovery in 1994. Initially known for its role in appetite suppression and energy regulation, leptin is now recognized for its influence on various physiological processes, including immune response, bone formation, and reproduction. It exerts its effects by binding to receptors and initiating an intracellular signaling cascade.

When can we identify the students at risk of failure in the national medical licensure examination in Japan using the predictive pass rate?

Context: Failure of students to pass the National Medical Licensure Examination (NMLE) is a major problem for universities and the health system in Japan. To assist students at risk for NMLE failure as early as possible after admission, this study investigated the time points (from the time of admission to graduation) at which predictive pass rate (PPR) can be used to identify students at risk of failing the NMLE.

Methods: Seven consecutive cohorts of medical students between 2012 and 2018 (n = 637) at the Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine were investigated.

Chondroitin sulfate liposome: clustering toward high functional efficiency.

Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a linear polysaccharide chain of alternating residues of glucuronic acid (GlcA) and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), modified with sulfate groups. Based on the structure, CS chains bind to bioactive molecules specifically and regulate their functions. For example, CS whose GalNAc is sulfated at the C4 position, termed CSA, and CS whose GalNAc is sulfated at both C4 and C6 positions, termed CSE, bind to a malaria protein VAR2CSA and receptor type of protein tyrosine phosphatase sigma (RPTPσ), respectively, in a specific manner.

Epigenetic signatures of social anxiety, panic disorders and stress experiences: Insights from genome-wide DNA methylation risk scores.

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) and panic disorder (PD) are prevalent anxiety disorders characterized by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Both disorders share overlapping features and often coexist, despite displaying distinct characteristics. Childhood life adversity, overall stressful life events, and genetic factors contribute to the development of these disorders.

Tissue-specific gene expression of genome-wide significant loci associated with major depressive disorder subtypes.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. To reduce heterogeneity, large-scale genome-wide association studies have recently identified genome-wide significant loci associated with seven MDD subtypes. However, it was unclear in which tissues the genes near those loci are specifically expressed.

Discrimination between healthy participants and people with panic disorder based on polygenic scores for psychiatric disorders and for intermediate phenotypes using machine learning.

Objective: Panic disorder is a modestly heritable condition. Currently, diagnosis is based only on clinical symptoms; identifying objective biomarkers and a more reliable diagnostic procedure is desirable. We investigated whether people with panic disorder can be reliably diagnosed utilizing combinations of multiple polygenic scores for psychiatric disorders and their intermediate phenotypes, compared with single polygenic score approaches, by applying specific machine learning techniques.

Practical Epoxidation of Olefins Using Air and Ubiquitous Iron-Based Fluorous Salen Complex.

The epoxidation of olefins by substituting "air" for potentially harmful oxidants was achieved using an oxidation method that integrated a fluorous iron(III) salen catalyst derived from common metals and pivalaldehyde. Several aromatic disubstituted olefins were converted into their corresponding epoxides with high efficiency and quantitative yields. This reaction represents an environmentally friendly oxidation process that utilizes an abundant source of air and employs a readily available metal, iron, in the form of salen complexes, making it an environmentally conscious oxidation reaction.

The 40-Hz auditory steady-state response enhanced by beta-band subharmonics.

The 40-Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) has received special attention as an index of gamma oscillations owing to its association with various neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. When a periodic stimulus is presented, oscillatory responses are often elicited not only at the stimulus frequency, but also at its harmonic frequencies. However, little is known about the effect of 40-Hz subharmonic stimuli on the activity of the 40-Hz ASSR.

Higher polygenic risk scores for anxiety disorders are associated with reduced area in the anterior cingulate gyrus.

Anxiety disorders are heterogeneous, show a moderate genetic contribution and are associated with inconsistent cortical structure alterations. Here, we investigated whether genetic factors for anxiety disorders contribute to cortical alterations by conducting polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses. We calculated PRSs for anxiety disorders at several P value thresholds (from P ≤ 5.

Cognitive performances across individuals at high genetic risk for schizophrenia, high genetic risk for bipolar disorder, and low genetic risks: a combined polygenic risk score approach.

Background: Individuals with schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) display cognitive impairments, but the impairments in those with SCZ are more prominent, supported by genetic overlap between SCZ and cognitive impairments. However, it remains unclear whether cognitive performances differ between individuals at high and low genetic risks for SCZ or BD.

Methods: Using the latest Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) data, we calculated PGC3 SCZ-, PGC3 BD-, and SCZ BD polygenic risk scores (PRSs) in 173 SCZ patients, 70 unaffected first-degree relatives (FRs) and 196 healthy controls (HCs).

Diploid-associated adaptation to chronic low-dose UV irradiation requires homologous recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Ultraviolet-induced DNA lesions impede DNA replication and transcription and are therefore a potential source of genome instability. Here, we performed serial transfer experiments on nucleotide excision repair-deficient (rad14Δ) yeast cells in the presence of chronic low-dose ultraviolet irradiation, focusing on the mechanisms underlying adaptive responses to chronic low-dose ultraviolet irradiation. Our results show that the entire haploid rad14Δ population rapidly becomes diploid during chronic low-dose ultraviolet exposure, and the evolved diploid rad14Δ cells were more chronic low-dose ultraviolet-resistant than haploid cells.