Thioxanthone Synthesis from Thioureas through Double Aryne Insertion into a Carbon-Sulfur Double Bond.

Thioxanthone synthesis from -silylaryl triflates and thioureas is disclosed. Double aryne insertion into the C═S double bond of thioureas and subsequent hydrolysis realized the facile preparation of thioxanthones. A simple reaction procedure and good accessibility of -silylaryl triflates allowed us to synthesize a wide range of highly functionalized thioxanthones.

Recovery of Oculomotor Nerve Palsy After Surgical and Endovascular Repair of Unruptured Internal Carotid-Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms.

Objective: Unruptured posterior communicating artery (Pcom) aneurysms cause oculomotor nerve palsy (ONP). However, the time course of recovery after aneurysm repair remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the ONP course after clipping and coiling for unruptured Pcom aneurysms.

Intracranial mycotic aneurysm rupture following cupping therapy.

Background: Cupping therapy is an alternative treatment that uses a small glass cup to suck the skin with a needle and has been used to manage skin problems and pain. However, serious complications have been reported. Herein, we describe a case of intracranial mycotic aneurysm rupture after cupping therapy.

Bromothiolation of Arynes for the Synthesis of 2-Bromobenzenethiol Equivalents.

A new method to synthesize -bromobenzenethiol equivalents through aryne intermediates is disclosed. Various -bromobenzenethiol equivalents are prepared by the bromothiolation of aryne intermediates with potassium xanthates. Aryl xanthates serve in the synthesis of diverse organosulfurs involving phenothiazines and thianthrenes by further transformations.

Clinical Outcomes in Elderly Patients with Chronic Subdural Hematoma: Validation of Irrigation Assignment Based on Hematoma Characteristics.

The number of elderly patients with chronic subdural hematomas (CSDH) is increasing worldwide; however, there is limited data regarding the clinical outcomes in this population. Our therapeutic method using burr hole evacuation for CSDH is based on the hematoma characteristics, using simple drainage for single-layer lesions and drainage with irrigation for multiple-layer lesions. This study aimed to compare the postoperative outcomes of elderly and younger patients, identify the predictors of outcomes in elderly patients, and verify the validity of our therapeutic methods.

Highly substituted benzo[]furan synthesis through substituent migration.

An unusual benzofuran synthesis from 2,6-disubstituted phenols and alkynyl sulfoxides is disclosed. Various highly substituted benzofurans were synthesized the charge-accelerated [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement and subsequent substituent migration. Multiaryl-substituted benzofurans and fully substituted benzofurans were prepared on the basis of the unique reaction mechanism.

Effect of revascularization surgery on cerebral hemodynamics in adult moyamoya disease.

Objective: Few studies have reported local hemodynamic changes after revascularization surgery. This study aimed to identify regional hemodynamic changes after combined revascularization surgery for moyamoya disease using single-photon emission computed tomography with N-isopropyl-p-I-iodoamphetamine.

Methods: A total of 46 adults with moyamoya disease who underwent combined revascularization surgery from August 2009 to July 2021 at our facility were enrolled.

Study of certain easily available biochemical markers in prognostication in severe traumatic brain injury requiring surgery.

Background: This study aimed to identify easily available prognostic factors in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients undergoing craniotomy.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics (age, sex, Glasgow coma scale score, cause of TBI, and oral antithrombotic drug use), laboratory parameters (hemoglobin, sodium, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time-international normalized ratio, and glucose-potassium [GP] ratio), and neuroradiological findings of 132 patients who underwent craniotomy for severe TBI in our hospital between January 2015 and December 2021. The patients were divided into two groups: Those with fatal clinical outcomes and those with non-fatal clinical outcomes, and compared between the two groups.

A Case of Microguidewire and Neuroform Atlas Stent Entanglement Resulting in Extraction Difficulty.

Objective: The trans-cell technique in stent-assisted coil embolization is a common treatment method for intracranial aneurysm. However, despite the frequency of its use, reports discussing its complications and their management are few. We describe a case of stent and microguidewire entanglement, which could not be removed, during treatment using the trans-cell technique.

Case of effective suction to secure the true lumen for acute occlusion after carotid endarterectomy.

During or following carotid endarterectomy, dissection and occlusion of the internal carotid artery can occur. In cases of stenosis or almost complete occlusion, recanalization is relatively easy; however, in cases of complete occlusion, advancing a guidewire into the true lumen may be challenging. Few reports on how to address this problem have been published.

Predictive factors for bone flap infection after cranioplasty.

Bone flapinfection is often experienced as a complication of cranioplasty.The aim of this study was to investigate predictors of graft infection,including patient-specific and surgery-specific factors. We retrospectively reviewed cases at our institutionwho underwent cranioplasty following craniectomyfor traumatic brain injury, epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, intracranial hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, subarachnoid hemorrhage, arteriovenous malformation, and bone flap infection after craniotomy.

Coronary artery aneurysms of unknown origin in a 14-year-old girl.

The case of a 14-year-old girl with acute myocardial infarction due to coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) of unknown origin, which resembled coronary artery lesions caused by Kawasaki disease, is reported. She was transferred to our hospital due to chest pain with ST-T elevation. She had no history of Kawasaki disease.

Identification of Prognostic Factors in Surgically Treated Patients with Acute Epidural Hematoma.

Context: Only few comprehensive studies have investigated acute epidural hematoma (AEDH), and a low incidence of the lesion has been observed in comparison with other types of traumatic brain injuries such as subdural hematoma, traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, and contusion.

Aim: This study aims to identify the prognostic factors of surgically treated AEDH.

Settings And Design: The medical records of 58 consecutive patients with surgically treated AEDH between September 2011 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.

[Case of isolated neurosarcoidosis requiring differentiation from tuberculous meningitis].

A 62-year-old woman was transported to our hospital for management of generalized clonic seizures. Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed an increased monocyte-dominant cell count, high protein concentration, and low glucose concentration that was 17% of the plasma glucose concentration. Contrast-enhanced cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement with multiple nodular lesions.

Trans-lamina terminalis approach assisted by endovascular temporary basilar artery occlusion for high-positioned, recurrent, basilar tip aneurysm: A technical case report.

Background: Coil embolization is increasingly becoming the surgical intervention of choice for cerebral aneurysms, particularly for those in the posterior circulation. However, in cases where it is difficult to perform coil embolization, microsurgical clipping is still required.

Case Description: We present a case of a high-positioned, ruptured, recurrent basilar tip aneurysm treated with a combination of microsurgical clipping through the trans-lamina terminalis approach and endovascular procedure.

Clinical Features of Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Objective: Neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) is a clinical syndrome characterized by acute onset after central nervous system injury. Here, we investigated the clinical features of NPE in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 350 patients with SAH who were treated at our hospital from April 2014 to September 2017.

Accurate estimation of a phase diagram from a single STM image.

We propose a new approach to constructing a phase diagram using the effective Hamiltonian derived only from a single real-space image produced by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Currently, there have been two main methods to construct phase diagrams in material science: ab initio calculations and CALPHAD with thermodynamic information obtained by experiments and/or theoretical calculations. Although the two methods have successfully revealed a number of unsettled phase diagrams, their results sometimes contradicted when it is difficult to construct an appropriate Hamiltonian that captures the characteristics of materials, e.